The word battle is a loanword in English from the Old French bataille, first attested in 1297, from Late Latin battualia, meaning " exercise of soldiers and gladiators in fighting and fencing ", from Late Latin ( taken from Germanic ) battuere " beat ", from which the English word battery is also derived via Middle English batri, and comes from the staged battles in the Colosseum in Rome that may have numbered 10, 000 individuals.

The first manual of fence ( fencing ) to be written in English is published by John Wolfe of London.

One point of similarity with Italian rapier fencing is that Silver advocates the use of the thrust together with the cut ; he claims that in the English tradition only the cut was allowed.

As an English term, épée was introduced in the 1880s for the sportive fencing weapon.

with a German and an Italian school flowering in the Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance ( 14th to 16th centuries ), followed by Spanish, French, English and Scottish schools of fencing in the modern period ( 17th and 18th centuries ).

The Elizabethan and Jacobean eras produce English fencing masters, such as George Silver ( 1599 ) and Joseph Swetnam ( 1617 ).

Apart from three rather opaque texts of the later 15th century, the native English tradition of fencing manuals begins with George Silver's Paradoxes of Defense ( 1599 ).

Feint is a French term that entered English via the discipline of swordsmanship and fencing.

Kraal ( also spelled craal or kraul ) is an Afrikaans and Dutch word ( also used in South African English ) for an enclosure for cattle or other livestock, located within an African settlement or village surrounded by a palisade, mud wall, or other fencing, roughly circular in form.

* International Fencing Federation, the English name of the international governing body for fencing, the Fédération Internationale d ' Escrime

* In Western fencing, including historical fencing, the combat is properly called in English " free play ," the " assault ," or simply " fencing.

** fencing with " blunts " in Prize Playing ( historical English )

Norman is the supposed son of the Frenchman de Vac, once the king's fencing master, who has a grudge against his former employer and raises the boy to be a simple, brutal killing machine with a hatred of all things English.

Modern athletic garments used for English riding and fencing called breeches differ substantially from breeches as discussed in this article.

The sabre is one of the three weapons of modern fencing, and is alternatively spelled saber in American English.

She dropped out of NYU and entered the Kathryn Long School in the Fall of 1957 where she studied singing, drama, German, English diction, and fencing.

Daily activities offered at Camp Fern include English riding, swimming, archery, riflery, water-skiing, arts and crafts, ropes, outdoor experiences, boxing, tennis, basketball, ping-pong, fishing, " alternative sports ", weight-lifting, fencing, drama, dance, and trampoline.

" While some classes such as maths, sciences, languages and philosophy were structured by grade, others such as English, history, comparative religion, fine art, performing art and fencing were open to students at all grades.

He is best known for authoring a misogynistic pamphlet and an early English fencing treatise.

Swetnam's fencing system has been linked both to contemporary Italian systems as well as the traditional sword arts of England ; his guard positions resemble those of contemporary Italian instructors, but his fencing system appears structurally different, and more closely related to a lineage of English fencing.

When AA was ported to the English Electric KDF9 computer, the character set was changed to ISO and that compiler has been recovered from an old paper tape by the Edinburgh Computer History Project and is available online, as is a high-quality scan of the original Edinburgh version of the Atlas Autocode manual.

The game also shipped with a full color cardstock box, and 31 page instruction manual printed in both English and French.

A CBD manual for botanic gardens English version, Italian version Botanic Gardens Conservation International ( BGCI )

A CITES manual for botanic gardens English version, Spanish version, Italian version Botanic Gardens Conservation International ( BGCI )

In 1586 Angel Day dedicated The English Secretary, the first epistolary manual for writing model letters in English, to Oxford, and William Webbe praised him as " most excellent among the rest " of ourt poets in his Discourse of English Poetry.

In 1881, English inventor Shelford Bidwell constructed the scanning phototelegraph that was the first telefax machine to scan any two-dimensional original, not requiring manual plotting or drawing.

One of his followers, the Parisian Abraham Bosse spread Callot's innovations all over Europe with the first published manual of etching, which was translated into Italian, Dutch, German and English.

Such keyboards allow melody and contrasting accompaniment to be played without the expense of a second manual and were a regular feature in Spanish and some English organs of the renaissance and baroque.

One of his followers, the Parisian Abraham Bosse, spread Callot's innovations all over Europe with the first published manual of etching, which was translated into Italian, Dutch, German and English.

Anton LaVey included nineteen of the Enochian Keys, in the original and in English translation, in his The Satanic Bible, a manual for Satanists written in 1969.

The earliest use of the term " state of the art " documented by the Oxford English Dictionary dates back to 1910, from an engineering manual by Henry Harrison Suplee ( 1856-post 1943 ), an engineering graduate ( University of Pennsylvania, 1876 ), titled Gas Turbine: progress in the design and construction of turbines operated by gases of combustion.

* English composition and rhetoric: A manual

Toshiro Mifune's sword fighting in the film was used in an extensive illustrated example of " samurai virtuosity with his sword " in " This is Kendo ", a kendo manual published in English.

For next five years in the USA Pupin worked as a manual laborer ( most notably, at the biscuit factory on Cortlandt Street in Manhattan ) and meanwhile he was learning English, Greek and Latin.

His age and gender are never directly stated, although he was once called a " little boy " in the English manual for Kirby's Dream Land, literally acts like a baby in the anime, and was referred to as being a " jolly fellow " in Kirby Super Star.

In the English manual of Kirby & the Amazing Mirror, the term Kirbys is used at points, to illustrate the feature of having four differently colored versions of Kirby active in the game simultaneously.

" He translated the Odyssey, wrote a well-known manual of idiom, A Plea for the Queen's English ( 1863 ), and was the first editor of the Contemporary Review ( 1866 – 1870 ).

Nonetheless, during the centuries of the European Middle Ages ( AD 5th – 15th centuries ) that followed the Imperial Roman collapse ( AD 476 ), the fifth-century BC Asian plastic surgery knowledge of the Sushruta samhita went unknown to the West until the tenth century AD, with the publication, in Old English, of the Anglo-Saxon physician ’ s manual Bald's Leechbook ( ca.

and Last Blade were never previously released in United States, meaning that they have no US-localized box or manual ; however, these titles did receive a European release, incorporating an English translation.

There was a misprint in the SV owners manual indicating bigger intake valves in English size ( but correct size in metric ).

By 1899 the institute had expanded to accommodate nearly 500 pupils, and study fields included biology, chemistry, food work, sewing, English, German, French, Latin, Greek, history, manual arts, drawing, mathematics, and physics.