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Arabs and learned
Hussein learned of the agreement when it was leaked by the new Russian government in December 1917, but was satisfied by two disingenuous telegrams from Sir Reginald Wingate, High Commissioner of Egypt, assuring him that the British government's commitments to the Arabs were still valid and that the Sykes-Picot Agreement was not a formal treaty.
The symbols for the digits in common use around the globe today are called Arabic numerals by Europeans and Indian numerals by Arabs, the two groups ' terms both referring to the culture from which they learned the system.
The Arabs acquired knowledge of saltpetre — which they called " Chinese snow " ( thalj al-Sīn ) — around 1240 and, soon afterward, of gunpowder ; they also learned of fireworks (" Chinese flowers ") and rockets (" Chinese arrows ").
Magic squares were known to Chinese mathematicians, as early as 650 BCE and Arab mathematicians, possibly as early as the 7th century, when the Arabs conquered northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent and learned Indian mathematics and astronomy, including other aspects of combinatorial mathematics.
Crusaders learned the term during their encounters with the Arabs, perhaps as early as the 11th century.
In this work, Fibonacci introduced to Europe the Hindu-Arabic numerals, a major element of our decimal system, which he had learned by studying with Arabs while living in North Africa with his father, Guglielmo Bonaccio, who wished for him to become a merchant.
Media studies professor Jack Shaheen included the film among his " Best " list in his book Reel Bad Arabs: How Hollywood Vilifies A People, praising the portrayal of Azeem as a heroic, learned, and noble man.
It was through the Brahmasphutasiddhanta that the Arabs learned of Indian astronomy.
Hasdai, with the aid of a learned Greek monk named Nicholas, translated it into Arabic, making it thereby the common property of the Arabs and of medieval Europe.
The medieval Arabs learned the distillation process from the Alexandrians and used it extensively, but there is no evidence that they distilled alcohol.
He was reputed to be the most learned man of his time in regard to the " days of the Arabs " ( i. e. their chief battles ), their stories, poems, genealogies and dialects.

Arabs and process
Under Arab rule Mesopotamia as a whole underwent a process of Arabisation and Islamification, and the region saw a large influx of non indigenous Arabs, Kurds, and later Turkic peoples.
However, a percentage of the indigenous Assyrian population ( known as Ashuriyun by the Arabs ) resisted this process, Assyrian Aramaic language and Church of the East Christianity were still dominant in the north, as late as the 11th and 12th centuries AD.
After this Asuristan-Assyria was also dissolved as a geo-political entity, and the native Aramaic speaking and largely Christian populace gradually underwent a process of Arabisation and Islamification, with only the Assyrians / Chaldo-Assyrians of the north ( known as Ashuriyun by the Arabs ) and Mandeans of the south retaining their religions and a distinct Mesopotamian identity and language, which they still do to this day.
He argued that no Arabs would have to be evicted in the process.
According to Wasserstein, " He is remembered kindly neither by the majority of Zionist historians, who tend to regard him as one of the originators of the process whereby the Balfour Declaration in favour of Zionism was gradually diluted and ultimately betrayed by Great Britain, nor by Arab nationalists who regard him as a personification of the alliance between Zionism and British imperialism and as one of those responsible for the displacement of the Palestinian Arabs from their homeland.
Meanwhile, the Bedouin dialect is nearer to varieties of Arabic spoken in Arabia itself, the Bedouins being more certainly known to be Arabs not only in culture, language and customs but also by descent traceable outside Palestine / Israel ( as opposed to being locals whose ethnic identity-Aramaic, Jewish, Greek-had shifted to an Arab ethnic identity following the process of cultural and linguistic Arabization over the centuries ).
According to Clifford Edmund Bosworth, " by the 3rd / 9th century, the non-Arabs, and above all the Persians, were asserting their social and cultural equality ( taswīa ) with the Arabs, if not their superiority ( tafżīl ) over them ( a process seen in the literary movement of the Šoʿūbīya ).
It is vital to find a form of economic integration between the Arabs and Turks, even if it is a gradual process.
The Zionist state was born in the violent expropriation and expulsion from their country of the Palestinian Arabs, and that process continues today.
It takes a strong line towards the peace process and the integration of Israeli Arabs, characterized by its 2009 election slogan " No loyalty, no citizenship ".

Arabs and from
* 1948 – The Hadassah medical convoy massacre: In an ambush, 79 Jewish doctors, nurses and medical students from Hadassah Hospital and a British soldier are massacred by Arabs in Sheikh Jarra near Jerusalem.
Della Valle described Anah as the chief Arab town on the Euphrates, an importance which it owes to its position on one of the routes from the west to Baghdad ; Texeira said that the power of its amir extended to Palmyra ( early 17th century ); but Olivier found the ruling prince with only twenty-five men in his service, the town becoming more depopulated every day from lack of protection from the Arabs of the desert.
The reason the digits are more commonly known as " Arabic numerals " in Europe and the Americas is that they were introduced to Europe in the 10th century by Arabs of North Africa, who were then using the digits from Libya to Morocco.
This helps distinguish it from " Arabic numerals " as the East Arabic numerals specific to the Arabs.
Arab people, also known as Arabs (, ʿarab ), are a panethnicity as are about half of Arabs in Australia who come particularly from Lebanon, Syria, and the Palestinian territories.
Circumcision was forbidden, Iudaea province was renamed Syria Palaestina and Jews ( formally all circumcised men, Arabs too ) were banned from entering the city on pain of death.
The Algarve was dominated completely by a muladí coalition led by Sa ' id ibn Mal, who had expelled the Arabs from Beja, and the lords of Ocsónoba, Yahya ibn Bakr, and of Niebla, Ibn Ufayr.
The Arabs were unable to succeed in converting the population because of constant revolts from the mountain tribes in the Afghan area.
The Arabs were unable to succeed in converting the population of that area because of constant revolts from the mountain tribes.
He faces opposition from three powerful neighbours, the Samaritans, the Ammonites, and the Arabs, as well as the city of Ashdod, but manages to rebuild the walls.
Hussein had protested that the Arabs of Beirut would greatly oppose isolation from the Arab state or states, but did not bring up the matter of Jerusalem or Palestine.
The constellations around the South Pole were not observable from north of the equator, by either Babylonians, Greeks, Chinese or Arabs.
However, further sieges followed in the course of attacks from the Arabs, a first from 674 to 678, and a second from 717 to 718.
The earliest inhabitants of the islands were probably Arabs and Africans, the latter probably Bantu-speaking ; the earliest evidence of settlement of the islands dates from the eighth century.
In Algeria, " desert Berbers and Arabs usually have a rigid class system, with social ranks ranging from nobles down to an underclass of menial workers ( mostly ethnic Africans )"
As early as the days of Saladin, and while the Ma ' ans were still in complete control over southern Lebanon, the Shihab tribe, originally Hijaz Arabs but later settled in Ḥawran, advanced from Ḥawran, in 1172, and settled in Wadi al-Taym at the foot of mount Hermon.
The Qaysite party represented the Ḥijaz and Bedouin Arabs who were regarded as inferior by the Yemenites who were earlier and more cultured emigrants into Syria from southern Arabia.

Arabs and Egyptians
* Arabs ( i. e. Palestinians, followed by Moroccans, Syrians, Lebanese, Yemenis, Egyptians, Iraqis and Jordanians )
Today most Egyptians see themselves, their history, culture and language ( the Egyptian variant of Arabic ) as specifically Egyptian and at the same time as a part of " Arabs.
This situation – that of divergent political trajectories for Egyptians and Arabs – if anything increased after 1900.
In addition to the sacred core of the old city, which is off limits to non-Muslims, Medina is a modern, multi-ethnic city inhabited by Saudi Arabs and an increasing number of Muslim and non-Muslim expatriate workers: other Arab nationalities ( Egyptians, Jordanians, Lebanese, etc.
Ignorant of the Egyptian language for the most part, the Arabs confused the Egyptian new year's celebrations, which the Egyptians called the feast of Ni-Yarouou ( the feast of the rivers ), with the Persian feast of Nowruz.
Egyptians for example, may or may not identify themselves as Arabs.
There were Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, Syrians and Arabs who contributed to the development of Hellenistic philosophy.
However, the bird was known to both ancient Egyptians and Arabs.
Musicians from across Egypt are keeping folk traditions alive, such as those of rural Egyptians ( fellahin ), the Nubians, the Arabs, the Berbers, the Gypsies and the Bedouins.
Murad and Tera worked in their market stalls alongside Arabs, including Egyptians, other Syrians, as well as Turks.
Most were Persians, Arabs, Moors, Assyrians, and Egyptians.
It was used as a placeholder by the Babylonians and Greek Egyptians, and then as an integer by the Mayans, Indians and Arabs.
These terms ( circumcised / uncircumcised ) are generally interpreted to mean Jews and Greeks, who were predominate, however it is an oversimplification as 1st century Iudaea Province also had some Jews who no longer circumcised ( see Hellenistic Judaism ), and some Greeks ( see Proselytes or Judaizers ) and others such as Egyptians, Ethiopians, and Arabs who did.
The Egyptians came subsequently under the influence of brief successions of foreign rulers including Berbers, Nubians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, Arabs, Turks, French and British.
Egyptians generally did not identify themselves as Arabs, and it is revealing that when the Egyptian nationalist leader Saad Zaghlul met the Arab delegates at Versailles in 1918, he insisted that their struggles for statehood were not connected, claiming that the problem of Egypt was an Egyptian problem and not an Arab one.
Although the overwhelming majority of Egyptians today continue to self-identify as Arabs in a cultural sense, a minority reject this, pointing to the failures of Arab and pan-Arab nationalist policies, and even publicly voicing objection to the present official name of the country.
Some contemporary prominent Egyptians who oppose Arab nationalism or the idea that Egyptians are Arabs include Secretary General of the Supreme Council of Antiquities Zahi Hawass, popular writer Osama Anwar Okasha, Egyptian-born Harvard University Professor Leila Ahmed, Member of Parliament Suzie Greiss, in addition to different local groups and intellectuals.
This understanding is also expressed in other contexts, such as Neil DeRosa's novel Joseph's Seed in his depiction of an Egyptian character " who declares that Egyptians are not Arabs and never will be.
The northern region of Gujarat, mainly Khambhat, was even more important: the Gujarat Sultanate was an essential intermediary in east – west trade, between the Red Sea, Egypt and Malacca: Gujarati were important middlemen bringing spices from the Moluccas as well as silk from China, and then selling them to the Egyptians and Arabs.
The terms " circumcised " and " uncircumcised ", which occur frequently in the New Testament, are generally interpreted to mean Jews and Greeks respectively, who were predominant in the region at the time ; however this is an oversimplification as 1st century Iudaea Province also had some Jews who no longer circumcised ( usually Hellenized Jews living in the diaspora ), and some Greeks ( called Proselytes or Judaizers ) and others such as Egyptians, Ethiopians, and Arabs who did.
These terms ( circumcised / uncircumcised ) are generally interpreted to mean Jews and Greeks, who were predominate, however it is an oversimplification as 1st century Iudaea Province also had some Jews who no longer circumcised, and some Greeks ( called Proselytes or Judaizers ) and others such as Egyptians, Ethiopians, and Arabs who did.
Lane himself saw the Nights as an edifying work, as he had expressed earlier in a note in his preface to the Manners and Customs, There is one work, however, which represents most admirable pictures of the manners and customs of the Arabs, and particularly of those of the Egyptians ; it is ' The Thousand and One Nights ; or, Arabian Nights ' Entertainments :' if the English reader had possessed a close translation of it with sufficient illustrative notes, I might almost have spared myself the labour of the present undertaking.
Some nationalists argue that “ the nation was always there, indeed it is part of the natural order, even when it was submerged in the hearts of its members .” In keeping with this philosophy, Al-Quds University states that although “ Palestine was conquered in times past by ancient Egyptians, Hittites, Philistines, Israel, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Romans, Muslim Arabs, Mamlukes, Ottomans, the British, the Zionists … the population remained constant-and is now still Palestinian .”

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