Both became Arafat's top aides in future politics.

Arafat's personal doctor Ashraf al-Kurdi and aide Bassam Abu Sharif maintained that Arafat was poisoned, possibly by thallium.

During the early 1950s, Arafat adopted the name Yasser, and in the early years of Arafat's guerrilla career, he assumed the nom de guerre of Abu Ammar.

According to Abu Iyad, two attempts were made on Arafat's life by the Israeli Mosaad and the Military Directorate in 1970.

In 1976, Abu Sa ' ed, a Palestinian traitor-agent who had been working for the Mossad for four years, was enlisted in a plot to put poison pellets that looked like grains of rice in Arafat's food.

In his book Stateless, Salah Khalaf ( Abu Iyad ), Arafat's chief of security and a founding member of Fatah, wrote that: " Black September was not a terrorist organization, but was rather an auxiliary unit of the resistance movement, at a time when the latter was unable to fully realize its military and political potential.

In 2009, Bassam Abu Sharif, Arafat's former advisor, alleged that the Mossad poisoned Arafat by a lethal dose of thallium, a rare chemical whose effects are difficult to trace, through Arafat's daily medications.

According to Abu Sarif, this incident allowed Israel to replace Arafat's medications with poison.

Carlsson developed a particularly close relationship with Arafat's right-hand man, Issam Sartawi, who was murdered ( allegedly by the Abu Nidal Organization ) during an SI conference in Portugal on 10 April 1983.

Khalaf opposed Arafat's alliance with Saddam Hussein, actually going as far as to express disagreement with the Iraqi leader in face to face meetings, and vouched to stay neutral during the Persian Gulf War in 1991.

The DFLP continued to cautiously support Arafat's attempts to open negotiations with Israel, but this was not uncontroversial within the membership.

Following their defeat in the Jordanian civil war, thousands of Palestinian militiamen regrouped in Lebanon, led by Yasser Arafat's Palestine Liberation Organization, with the intention of replicating the modus operandi of attacking Israel from a politically and militarily weak neighbour.

According to CIA officer Duane " Dewey " Claridge, chief of operations of the CIA Near East Division from 1975 to 1978, in mid-1976, Salameh offered Americans assistance and protection with Arafat's blessings during the American embassy pull-out from Beirut during the down-spiraling chaos of the Lebanese Civil War.

Following Yasser Arafat's commitment to " submit to the Palestinian National Council for formal approval " the changes to the Charter confirming that " those articles of the Palestinian Covenant which deny Israel's right to exist, and the provisions of the Covenant which are inconsistent with the commitments of this letter are now inoperative and no longer valid " in the September 9, 1993 letters of mutual recognition, the PNC met in Gaza and voted on 24 April 1996.

Arafat's sister Inam stated in an interview with Arafat's biographer, British historian Alan Hart, that Arafat was heavily beaten by his father for going to the Jewish quarter in Cairo and attending religious services.

Arafat's statements were greeted with approval by the US administration, which had long insisted on these statements as a necessary starting point for official discussions between the US and the PLO.

Arafat's decision also severed relations with Egypt and many of the oil-producing Arab states that supported the US-led coalition.

However, the Gulf Arab States — Arafat's usual source for financial backing — still refused to provide him and the PLO with any major donations because of his sympathy for Iraq during the Gulf War, in 1991.

Arafat's ability to adapt to new tactical and political situations was perhaps tested by the rise of the Hamas and PIJ organizations, Islamist groups espousing rejectionist policies with Israel.

In the 1990s, these groups seemed to threaten Arafat's capacity to hold together a unified nationalist organization with a goal of statehood.

They appeared to be out of Arafat's influence and control, and were actively fighting with Fatah.

When Arafat's death was announced, the Palestinian people went into a state of mourning, with Qur ' anic mourning prayers emitted from mosque loudspeakers throughout the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, and tires burned in the streets.

Numerous theories have appeared regarding Arafat's death, with the most prominent being poisoning, AIDS ( or HIV ), polonium poisoning, as well as cirrhosis, or a platelet disorder.

Then-Palestinian foreign minister Nabil Shaath had also ruled out poisoning after talks with Arafat's French doctors.

However, a spokesman for the Institute of Radiation Physics stressed that the " symptoms described in Arafat's medical reports were not consistent with polonium-210 and that conclusions could not be drawn as to whether the Palestinian leader was poisoned or not.

" Yasser Arafat's statements in Geneva a month later were accepted by the United States as sufficient to remove the ambiguities it saw in the declaration and to fulfill the longheld conditions for open dialogue with the United States.

Secret negotiations with Yasser Arafat's PLO organization led to the Oslo Accords, which won Peres, Rabin and Arafat the Nobel Peace Prize.

Yasser Arafat's PLO officially executed 118 Palestinians who were thought to be collaborating with Israel.

Barghouti campaigned against corruption in Arafat's administration and human rights violations by its security services, and he established relationships with a number of Israeli politicians and members of Israel's peace movement.

This culminated with the group entering Yassir Arafat's headquarters in Ramallah, at the time besieged by Israeli forces.

The Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO ) realized the loss of its most important diplomatic patron, due to the deterioration of the Soviet Union that started in 1989, and Arafat's failing relationship with Moscow.

" During a lecture in Australia, Ross suggested that the reason for the failure was Arafat's unwillingness to sign a final deal with Israel that would close the door on any of the Palestinians ' maximum demands, particularly the right of return.

Naji al-Ali a popular cartoon artist in the Arab world, loved for his defense of the ordinary people, and for his criticism of repression and despotism by both the Israeli military and Yasser Arafat's PLO, was murdered for refusing to compromise with his conscience.

However in 2003, a team of American accountants – hired by Arafat's own finance ministry – began examining Arafat's finances ; this team reached a different conclusion.

Some of these refugee camps, overcrowded and filled with angry refugees, helped seed the beginnings of Yasser Arafat's Fatah group ; guerrilla attacks on Israel were launched from some of the Palestinian camps in Lebanon.

On November 15, following Arafat's death, Israeli forces launched an incursion in Jenin to kill him, but he evaded them ; in the raid, nine Palestinians were killed, including four civilians and his deputy, " Alaa ".

Jerusalem was the first choice, but Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon said he would not allow this ; and so, following Arafat's death on November 11, the Palestinian leadership decided that he was to be " temporarily " interred in the Mukataa compound, pending the establishment of a Palestinian state and the transfer of his body to the Dome of the Rock compound on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.

In 1954, he came into contact with Yasser Arafat in Gaza ; al-Wazir would become Arafat's right-hand man later in his life.

According to the newspaper, the doctors at Percy hospital suspected, from Arafat's arrival, grave lesions of the liver responsible for an alteration of the composition of the blood ; Arafat was therefore placed in a hematology service.

Thus, according to the source, the probable causes of the disease were multiple ; Arafat's coma was a consequence of the worsened cirrhosis.

On 24 July 1995, Arafat's wife Suha gave birth to a daughter in Sorbonne, France.

On 6 May 2002, the Israeli government released a report, based in part on documents captured during the Israeli raid of Arafat's Ramallah headquarters, which included copies of papers signed by Arafat authorizing funding for al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades ' activities.

" On 9 July, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas approved Suha Arafat's request to exhume Arafat's body to test for abnormal amounts of polonium.

On 10 November 2007, prior to the third anniversary of Arafat's death, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas unveiled a mausoleum for Arafat near his tomb in commemoration of him.

On 9 July 2012, Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas approved the exhumation of Arafat's body in response to the Al Jazeera story about polonium.

On 8 August 2012, Swiss experts were invited to the West Bank to test Yasser Arafat's remains for possible poisoning.

On 28 August 2012, French prosecutors opened a murder inquiry into Arafat's death.

On 16 August, Palestinian anti-corruption campaigners called on the Palestinian Authority to investigate allegedly shoddy work on Arafat's mausoleum, which they said cost the public over $ 600, 000, despite the government being in desperate need of foreign aid.