Around 250 BC, Archimedes was commissioned by the king to find a way to check the purity of the gold in a crown, leading to the famous bath-house shouting of " Eureka!

In April 2007, it was reported that imaging analysis had discovered an early commentary on Aristotle's Categories in the Archimedes Palimpsest, and Robert Sharples suggested Alexander as the most likely author.

Archimedes of Syracuse (; BC – BC ) was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer.

Archimedes, the renowned mathematician, was said to have used a burning glass ( or more likely a large number of angled hexagonal mirrors ) as a weapon in 212 BC, when Syracuse was besieged by Marcus Claudius Marcellus.

The Roman fleet was supposedly incinerated, though eventually the city was taken and Archimedes was slain.

In a well-known but probably apocryphal tale, Archimedes was given the task of determining whether King Hiero's goldsmith was embezzling gold during the manufacture of a golden wreath dedicated to the gods and replacing it with another, cheaper alloy.

Proclus introduces Euclid only briefly in his fifth-century Commentary on the Elements, as the author of Elements, that he was mentioned by Archimedes, and that when King Ptolemy asked if there was a shorter path to learning geometry than Euclid's Elements, " Euclid replied there is no royal road to geometry.

E. g., it was his successor Archimedes who proved that a sphere has 2 / 3 the volume of the circumscribing cylinder.

This value was slightly less accurate than the calculations of the Babylonians ( 25 / 8 = 3. 125, within 0. 53 percent ), but was not otherwise surpassed until Archimedes ' approximation of 211875 / 67441

Archimedes ( 287-212 BC ), of Syracuse, Sicily, when it was a Greek city-state, is often considered to be the greatest of the Greek mathematicians, and occasionally even named as one of the three greatest of all time ( along with Isaac Newton and Carl Friedrich Gauss ).

Archimedes even tore apart the arguments of Aristotle and his metaphysics, pointing out that it was impossible to separate mathematics and nature and proved it by converting mathematical theories into practical inventions.

This method was further developed and employed by Archimedes in the 3rd century BC and used to calculate areas for parabolas and an approximation to the area of a circle.

It was ported to the Acorn Archimedes by Jonathan Naylor ( G4KLX ).

Archimedes was among the greatest mathematicians of antiquity.

This is the law of the lever, which was proven by Archimedes using geometric reasoning.

Later, the theory was an essential tool for Galileo, just as it had been for Archimedes.

) The area enclosed by a parabola and a line segment, the so-called " parabola segment ", was computed by Archimedes via the method of exhaustion in the third century BC, in his The Quadrature of the Parabola.

It was probably an application of spiral movement in space ( spirals were a special study of Archimedes ) to a hollow segmented water-wheel used for irrigation by Egyptians for centuries.

" The phrase was used by many early Greek mathematicians, including Euclid and Archimedes.

A leading scientist of classical antiquity, Archimedes also developed elaborate systems of pulleys to move large objects with a minimum of effort.

Furthermore, in his work On Floating Bodies, around 250 BCE, Archimedes developed the law of buoyancy, also known as Archimedes ' Principle.

It could also draw lines 3 times faster than an Amiga and even handle the maths of 3D models faster than the 32-bit Acorn Archimedes.

Archimedes, Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, Al-Khazini and Galileo Galilei were also major figures in the development of hydrostatics.

The concept of torque, also called moment or couple, originated with the studies of Archimedes on levers.

The newsgroup also follows various internet " mad scientists " and " crackpots " such as Archimedes Plutonium, Kurt Stocklmeir, and Time Cube inventor Gene Ray with a mixture of mockery and appreciation for the unintended humor they produce.

He rigorously developed Antiphon's method of exhaustion, a precursor to the integral calculus which was also used in a masterly way by Archimedes in the following century.

Archimedes also introduced the use of infinitesimals, although these were primarily used to study areas and volumes rather than derivatives and tangents ; see Archimedes ' use of infinitesimals.

The Archimedes ' screw, also called the Archimedean screw or screwpump, is a machine historically used for transferring water from a low-lying body of water into irrigation ditches.

The principle is also found in pescalators, which are Archimedes screws designed to lift fish safely from ponds and transport them to another location.

A variant of the Archimedes ' screw can also be found in some injection molding machines, die casting machines and extrusion of plastics, which employ a screw of decreasing pitch to compress and melt the material.

The Archimedean spiral ( also known as the arithmetic spiral ) is a spiral named after the 3rd century BC Greek mathematician Archimedes.

The Tesco Computers for Schools scheme later changed partnership from Acorn to RM plc and many other computer-related suppliers, which also led to the decrease of the Archimedes ' educational market share.

Zool was also ported to the Atari ST, Game Boy, Sega Mega Drive, SNES, Master System, Sega Game Gear, Amiga CD32, PC, Acorn Archimedes, and RISC OS platform, as well as for the arcade machines.

Mentioned by Archimedes and by modern scientists as the first to propose a heliocentric " universe ", Aristarchus also proposed an ancient Greek time period,

Sporus also criticized Archimedes for not producing a more accurate approximation of π.

For his part Archimedes was the first to calculate the value of π and a geometric series, and also the earliest known mathematical physicist discovering the law of buoyancy, as well as conceiving the irrigation device known as Archimedes ' screw.

Cedric is inspired by Archimedes, Merlin's owl familiar, he is also similar to Dr. Watson's role to Sherlock Holmes, and the mechanical owl given to Perseus by Athena to aid him on his quest.

Some others like T. L. Heath, who translated all Archimedes ' works, disagree, putting forward evidence that Archimedes really solved cubic equations using intersections of two cones, but also discussed the conditions where the roots are 0, 1 or 2.

The magnitude of that force is proportional to the difference in the pressure between the top and the bottom of the column, and ( as explained by Archimedes ' principle ) is also equivalent to the weight of the fluid that would otherwise occupy the column, i. e. the displaced fluid.

The Method of Mechanical Theorems ( also referred to as The Method ) is a work by Archimedes which contains the first attested explicit use of indivisibles ( sometimes referred to as infinitesimals ).

Greek mathematician Archimedes, famous for his ideas regarding fluid mechanics and buoyancyIn the 3rd century BCE, the Greek mathematician Archimedes of Syracuse ( ( 287 BCE-212 BCE )-generally considered to be the greatest mathematician of antiquity and one of the greatest of all time-laid the foundations of hydrostatics, statics and calculated the underlying mathematics of the lever.

Trials with Smith's SS Archimedes, the first steam driven screw, led to the famous tug-of-war competition in 1845 between the screw-driven HMS Rattler and the paddle steamer HMS Alecto ; the former pulling the latter backward at 2. 5 knots ( 4. 6 km / h ).

Under his rule lived the most famous Syracusan, the mathematician and natural philosopher Archimedes.

* Eureka ( word ), a famous exclamation attributed to Archimedes

Furthermore, he is noted for having conquered the fortified city of Syracuse in a protracted siege during which Archimedes, the famous inventor, was killed.

The siege lasted for two long years, with the Roman effort being thwarted in part by the military machines created by the famous inventor Archimedes.

The discovery in 1822 of large parts of Cicero's De re publica was one of the first major recoveries of an ancient text from a palimpsest, while the most famous recent example is the discovery of the Archimedes palimpsest ( hidden in a much later prayer book ).

* In 1998, Christie's in New York sold the famous Archimedes Palimpsest after the conclusion of a lawsuit in which its ownership was disputed.

He kept up a powerful fleet for defensive purposes, and employed his famous kinsman Archimedes in the construction of those engines that, at a later date, played so important a part during the siege of Syracuse by the Romans.

It is also the prime source of the famous story of Archimedes and his bath-time discovery.

Vitruvius relates the famous story about Archimedes and his detection of adulterated gold in a royal crown.

A famous ancient Greek dissection puzzle is the Ostomachion, a mathematical treatise attributed to Archimedes ; now the two equal squares are turned into one square in fourteen pieces by subdivision of the

The founder of the mathematical school was the celebrated Euclid ; among its scholars were Archimedes ; Apollonius of Perga, author of a treatise on Conic Sections ; Eratosthenes, to whom we owe the first measurement of the earth ; and Hipparchus, the founder of the epicyclical theory of the heavens, afterwards called the Ptolemaic system, from its most famous expositor, Claudius Ptolemy.

The study of fluid mechanics goes back at least to the days of ancient Greece, when Archimedes investigated fluid statics and buoyancy and formulated his famous law known now as the Archimedes ' principle, which was published in his work On Floating Bodies-generally considered to be the first major work on fluid mechanics.