Aristotle's writings were the first to create a comprehensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing morality, aesthetics, logic, science, politics, and metaphysics.

It is metaphysical in the sense that it mimics the understanding in Aristotle's metaphysics of an ideally conceived being as that which transcends the existence of every individually existing thing.

Aristotle's writings cover physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, linguistics, politics, government, ethics, biology and zoology.

Aristotle's Metaphysics was divided into three parts, which are now regarded as the proper branches of traditional Western metaphysics:

Wherever he studied, he concentrated on medicine, theology, logic, physics, metaphysics and Aristotle's dialectic.

Catholics charge that modalistic monarchianism has its origin by means of influence in Greek pagan philosophy, including pagan philosophers like Euclid and Aristotle, who based their logic on Monism and Aristotle's arguments around his concept energeia ( i. e. energy ) called metaphysics.

The word < nowiki >'</ nowiki > pataphysics is a contracted formation, derived from the Greek, ( ta epi ta metaphysika ); this phrase or expression means " that which is above metaphysics ", and is itself a sly variation on the title of Aristotle's Metaphysics, which in Greek is "" ( ta meta ta physika ).

While the intrinsic optimists draw on Plato and Aristotle's writings on the value of philosophical inquiry, the instrumental optimists can draw on another aspect of the Ancients ' work: specifically, Aristotle was concerned both about " physics " ( and biology ) and " metaphysics ".

He largely followed Aristotelian terminology and metaphysics, and wrote comprehensive commentaries on Aristotle, often affirming Aristotle's views with independent arguments.

Aided by the rediscovery of the virtue ethics and metaphysics of Aristotle by Avicenna and Averroes, Thomas Aquinas fused Aristotle's cardinal virtues with Christianity in his Summa Theologica ( 1273 ).

Aristotle's Metaphysics has some points of overlap with the works making up the Organon but is not traditionally considered part of it ; additionally there are works on logic attributed, with varying degrees of plausibility, to Aristotle that were not known to the Peripatetics.

Aristotle's term for virtue of character ( ethikē aretē ) is traditionally translated with the Latinate term " moral virtue ".

Aristotle's name < span lang = grc > paschein </ span > for this category has traditionally been translated into English as " affection " and " passion " ( also " passivity "), easily misinterpreted to refer only or mainly to affection as an emotion or to emotional passion.

Aristotle's wheel paradox is a paradox from the Greek work Mechanica traditionally attributed to Aristotle.

Most of Aristotle's work is probably not in its original form, since it was most likely edited by students and later lecturers.

The order of the books ( or the teachings from which they are composed ) is not certain, but this list was derived from analysis of Aristotle's writings.

The immediate influence of Aristotle's work was felt as the Lyceum grew into the Peripatetic school.

Although his respect for Aristotle was diminished as his travels made it clear that much of Aristotle's geography was clearly wrong, when the old philosopher released his works to the public, Alexander complained " Thou hast not done well to publish thy acroamatic doctrines ; for in what shall I surpass other men if those doctrines wherein I have been trained are to be all men's common property?

Albertus was educated principally at Padua, where he received instruction in Aristotle's writings.

In April 2007, it was reported that imaging analysis had discovered an early commentary on Aristotle's Categories in the Archimedes Palimpsest, and Robert Sharples suggested Alexander as the most likely author.

Selection by lottery was the standard means as it was regarded as the more democratic: elections would favour those who were rich, noble, eloquent and well-known, while allotment spread the work of administration throughout the whole citizen body, engaging them in the crucial democratic experience of, to use Aristotle's words, " ruling and being ruled in turn " ( Politics 1317b28 – 30 ).

Alexander was said to have been the earliest scholastics to engage in Aristotle's newly translated writings ( Metaphysics ).

While there was a ban on using Aristotle's works as teaching texts, theologians like Alexander continued to exploit his ideas in their theology.

The earliest bestiary in the form in which it was later popularized was an anonymous 2nd century Greek volume called the Physiologus, which itself summarized ancient knowledge and wisdom about animals in the writings of classical authors such as Aristotle's Historia Animalium and various works by Herodotus, Pliny the Elder, Solinus, Aelian and other naturalists.

Aristotle's famous argument was contrary to the atomist's depiction of a non-eternal cosmos which, he argued, would require an efficient first cause, a notion that Aristotle took to demonstrate a critical flaw in their reasoning.

Euripides's reputation was to take a beating early in the nineteenth century when Friedrich Schlegel and his brother August Wilhelm Schlegel championed Aristotle's ' biological ' model of theatre history, identifying Euripides with the moral, political and artistic degeneration of Athens.

Aristotle's explanation of how this was possible, was not strictly empiricist in a modern sense, but rather based on his theory of potentiality and actuality, and experience of sense perceptions still requires the help of the active nous.

During the middle ages Aristotle's theory of tabula rasa was developed by Islamic philosophers starting with Al Farabi, developing into an elaborate theory by Avicenna and demonstrated as a thought experiment by Ibn Tufail.

Isidore's T and O map, which was seen as representing a small part of a spherical Earth, was essentially unchanged from its predecessors of 1, 200 years previously, continued to be used through the Middle Ages by authors, e. g. the 9th century bishop Rabanus Maurus who compared the habitable part of the northern hemisphere ( Aristotle's northern temperate clime ) with a wheel.

In school Hayek was much taken by one instructor's lectures on Aristotle's ethics.

" The theory was indebted to Aristotle's pluralism and his concepts of Soul, the rational, living aspect of a living substance which cannot exist apart from the body because it is not a substance but an essence, and nous, rational thought, reflection and understanding.

The best evidence of Aristotle's having thought there was a natural law comes from the Rhetoric, where Aristotle notes that, aside from the " particular " laws that each people has set up for itself, there is a " common " law that is according to nature.

It was first used as the title for several of Aristotle's works, because they were usually anthologized after the works on physics in complete editions.

Aristotle's influence over Alexander the Great is seen in the latter's bringing with him on his expedition a host of zoologists, botanists, and researchers.

Socrates ', Plato's and Aristotle's ideas about truth are commonly seen as consistent with correspondence theory.

The basic idea can be seen in Aristotle's dictum that there is no scientific knowledge of the individual, where the word used for individual in Greek had the connotation of the idiosyncratic, or wholly isolated occurrence.

Aristotle's Four causes -- Material, Formal, Efficient, and Final — are seen in the case, for instance, of a statue:

His rhetorical leaning is seen in the definition of logic as the ars disserendi ; he maintains that the rules of logic may be better learned from observation of the way in which Cicero persuaded his hearers than from a study of Aristotle's works on logic ( the Organon ).

Although Aristotle's logic is almost entirely concerned with the theory of the categorical syllogism, there are passages in his work that are now seen as anticipations of temporal logic, and may imply an early, partially developed form of first-order temporal modal binary logic.

According to Darby, it was also seen as a serious loss of erogenous tissue: " During the Renaissance and 18th century the centrality of the foreskin to male sexual function and the pleasure of both partners was recognised by anatomists Berengario da Carpi, Gabriello Fallopio and William Harvey, in popular sex manuals like Aristotle's master-piece, and by physicians like John Hunter, who also appreciated the importance of the foreskin in providing the slack tissue needed to accommodate an erection.

Ironically, according to historian David Brion Davis, Abrabanel played a pivotal role in providing the conceptual basis for black slavery: "[...] the great Jewish philosopher and statesman Isaac ben Abravanel, having seen many black slaves both in his native Portugal and in Spain, merged Aristotle's theory of natural slaves with the belief that the biblical Noah had cursed and condemned to slavery both his son Ham and his young grandson Canaan.

As in the first book, Aristotle's theory of the eternity of the universe is seen as the best, philosophically.