Art historians and critics define artists as those who produce art within a recognized or recognizable discipline.

Art historians and theorists such as Cesare Brandi have also played a significant role in developing conservation-restoration theory.

" Art historians have described Dada as being, in large part, a " reaction to what many of these artists saw as nothing more than an insane spectacle of collective homicide.

Art historians are therefore able to use fashion in dating images with increasing confidence and precision, often within five years in the case of 15th century images.

It is perhaps no accident that the factuality of the Italian Renaissance has been most vigorously questioned by those who are not obliged to take a professional interest in the aesthetic aspects of civilization — historians of economic and social developments, political and religious situations, and, most particularly, natural science — but only exceptionally by students of literature and hardly ever by historians of Art.

Art historians Oskar Bätschmann and Pascal Griener suggest that in The Ambassadors " Sciences and arts, objects of luxury and glory, are measured against the grandeur of Death ".

Art historians such as Gottfried Richter in the 1920s identified the Roman architectural innovation as being the Triumphal Arch.

Art historians have explored the painting's racial, sexual, and social motives in the context of American society at the time.

Matthew Baigell and Milly Heyd ; Rutgers University Press ; ISBN 0-8135-2869-0 ( 2001 ).</ ref > Art historians have noted similarities between Ray's collage and painting techniques and styles used for tailoring.

Art historians have inserted Tages freely among them but entirely in a speculative fashion.

Art historians who specialize in the Italian Renaissance have found a Neoplatonic interpretation, which was most clearly articulated by Ernst Gombrich, to be the most enduring way to understand the painting.

Art historians classify illuminated manuscripts into their historic periods and types, including ( but not limited to ) Late Antique, Insular, Carolingian manuscripts, Ottonian manuscripts, Romanesque manuscripts, Gothic manuscripts, and Renaissance manuscripts.

Some date the start to earlier events in the 1930s: The Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide's regular publication The Golden Age Quarterly lists comic books from 1933 onwards ( 1933 saw the publication of the first comic book in the size that would subsequently define the format ); some historians, including Roger Sabin ( in Comics, Comix and Graphic Novels: a History of Comic Art ), date it to the publication of the first comic books featuring entirely original stories rather than re-prints of comic strips from newspapers ( 1935 ), by the company that would become DC Comics.

Art historians, curators, and collectors view working proofs as especially desirable because of their rarity, the insight they may give into the progress of the work, and because they may well have belonged to the artist.

Art historians of Thailand claim that it was cast in the 14th century in Thailand only.

Art historians have revelled in the extraordinary diversity of contemporary and ancient sources that Mino marshaled in these tombs, which distinguish him from other sculptors active in mid quattrocento Florence ( Zuraw 1998 ).

Art historians believe the portrait may have been intended as a gift for his mistress, Taddea Malaspina, the sister of the marchioness of Massa, to commemorate the birth of their second child, Giulia.

Art historians have long been keen to trace the beginnings of the Northern Renaissance-with far less evidence to go on than in Italy.

Art historians attempt to classify medieval art into major periods and styles, often with some difficulty.

Art in the Middle Ages is a broad subject and art historians traditionally divide it in several large-scale phases, styles or periods.

Art historians are once again taking an interest in Day, and there are now significant academic texts on Day's homoerotic portraiture, and its similarities to the work of Walter Pater and Thomas Eakins.

Art historians have dated the caves in the range of late 5th to late 8th century AD.

Art historians consider Twachtman's style of American Impressionism to be among the more personal and experimental of his generation.

Institutions devoted to the study and teaching of the form were founded ( The Center for Book Arts in New York, for example ); library and art museum collections began to create new rubrics with which to classify and catalog artists ' books and also actively began to expand their fledgling collections ; new collections were founded ( such as Franklin Furnace in New York ); and numerous group exhibitions of artist's books were organized in Europe and America ( notably one at Moore College of Art in Philadelphia in 1973, the catalog of which, according to Stefan Klima's Artists Books: A Critical Survey of the Literature, is the first place the term " Artist's Book " was used ).

To enable students and the public to spot Sloan forgeries, the Delaware Art Center ( according to its director, Bruce St. John ) will maintain a complete file of photographs of all Sloan works, as well as a card index file.

The category's original name was Best Art Direction and was changed to its current name for the 85th Academy Awards, with the Art Director's branch being renamed the Designer's branch.

Andreas Capellanus ( Capellanus meaning " chaplain ") was the 12th-century author of a treatise commonly known as De amore (" About Love "), and often known in English, somewhat misleadingly, as The Art of Courtly Love, though its realistic, somewhat cynical tone suggests that it is in some measure an antidote to courtly love.

Tolstoy defined art ( and by no coincidence also characterized its value ) as the following: " Art is a human activity consisting in this, that one man consciously, by means of certain external signs, hands on to others feelings he has lived through, and that other people are infected by these feelings and also experience them.

* Richard Wollheim, Art and its objects, 2nd edn, 1980, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-29706-0

The river is also straddled by the New York Botanical Gardens, its neighbor, the Bronx Zoo, and a little further south, on the west shore, Bronx River Art Center.

In 2004, the UK Kennel Club held its fourth temporary exhibition, " The Borzoi in Art ," which offered unique insights into the borzoi and how the breed has been depicted in art throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.

He became a French citizen in 1952 in order to make the caregivers his heirs, and to bequeath his studio and its contents to the Musée National d ' Art Moderne in Paris

Chambers, in 1728, followed the earlier lead of John Harris's Lexicon Technicum of 1704 and later editions ( see also below ); this work was by its title and content " A Universal English Dictionary of Arts and Sciences: Explaining not only the Terms of Art, but the Arts Themselves ".

John Harris is often credited with introducing the now-familiar alphabetic format in 1704 with his English Lexicon Technicum: Or, A Universal English Dictionary of Arts and Sciences: Explaining not only the Terms of Art, but the Arts Themselves – to give its full title.

Today Asmara is worldwide known for its early twentieth century Italian buildings, including the Art Deco Cinema Impero, " Cubist " Africa Pension, eclectic Orthodox Cathedral and former Opera House, the futurist Fiat Tagliero Building, neo-Romanesque Roman Catholic Cathedral, and the neoclassical Governor's Palace.

Boating, now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, exemplifies in its conciseness the lessons Manet learned from Japanese prints, and the abrupt cropping by the frame of the boat and sail adds to the immediacy of the image.

In 1978, Rhode Island College dedicated its Art Gallery in Bannister's name with the exhibition: " Four From Providence ~ Alston, Bannister, Jennings & Prophet ".

With the launch of Channel 4 and its Film on Four commissioning strand Art Cinema was promoted to a wider audience.

Usually it is considered to include several sub-departments: the Art Department proper, with its Art Director, Set Designers and Draughtsmen ; Set Decoration, under the Set Decorator ; Props, under the Propmaster ; Construction, headed by the Construction Coordinator ; Scenic, headed by the Key Scenic Artist ; and Special Effects.

* Grand Rapids Art Museum ( popularly known by its acronym GRAM ), an art museum in Michigan

Apart from historical collections in general museums, modern works of art in glass can be seen in a variety of museums, including the Chrysler Museum, the Museum of Glass in Tacoma, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Toledo Museum of Art, and Corning Museum of Glass, in Corning, NY, which houses the world's largest collection of glass art and history, with more than 45, 000 objects in its collection.

The Whitney was founded in 1931, as an answer to the then newly founded ( 1928 ) Museum of Modern Art's collection of mostly European modernism and its neglect of American Art.

Despite those dismal numbers, Harley-Davidson proudly unveiled its lineup for 1934, which included a Flathead with Art Deco styling.

John Gardner, in The Art of Fiction, cites in this context the work of Barthelme and its " seemingly limitless ability to manipulate techniques as modes of apprehension apprehend nothing.

The Museum of Modern Art described the Jeep as a masterpiece of functionalist design, and has periodically exhibited the Jeep as part of its collection.

* 1904 – Anton Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard receives its premiere performance at the Moscow Art Theatre.