Hundreds of thousands of persons were arrested and sentenced to long prison terms on the grounds of one of the multiple passages of the notorious Article 58 of the Criminal Codes of the Union republics, which defined punishment for various forms of " counterrevolutionary activities.

Eventually, Gaioz Devdariani was charged with violating Article 58 for alleged counter-revolutionary activities and was executed in 1938 by the orders of the NKVD troika.

However, past governments have been dismissed for corruption by the President's invocation of Article 58 of the Constitution.

Article 58. 1 of the 1999 constitution repeats that the army is " in principle " organized as a militia, implicitly allowing a small number of professional soldiers.

Proponents of continuity cite a variety of contributory factors: it is argued that it was Lenin, rather than Stalin, whose civil war measures introduced the Red Terror with its hostage taking and internment camps, that it was Lenin who developed the infamous Article 58, and who established the autocratic system within the Communist Party.

The legal basis of the repression was formalized into Article 58 in the code of the RSFSR and similar articles for other Soviet republics.

According to Nikita Khrushchev's 1956 speech, " On the Personality Cult and its Consequences ," and more recent findings, a great number of accusations, notably those presented at the Moscow show trials, were based on forced confessions, often obtained by torture, and on loose interpretations of Article 58 of the RSFSR Penal Code, which dealt with counter-revolutionary crimes.

* Article from Something about the Author ( Volume 58 ) about Peter Firmin

* Article 58 ( RSFSR Penal Code ) ( Soviet Russia )

Charged under Article 58 of the Soviet Criminal Code, he did not confess guilt or implicate others.

These powers included the right, expressed in sub-section 2 ( b ) inserted into Article 58 — the most important part of the Amendment —, to dissolve the National Assembly ( but not the Senate ) if, in his or her opinion, " a situation has arisen in which the Government of the Federation cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and an appeal to the electorate is necessary.

" ( Constitution of Pakistan, Article 58 ) with the consequence of dismissing the Prime Minister and his or her Cabinet.

The Eighth Amendment, besides making a number of other changes to the Constitution, introduced the following clause into Article 58 of the Constitution:

During the period of 1988 until 1996, President Ghulam Ishaq Khan made an extensive use of the VIII Amendment and the Article 58 2 ( b ), which granted the discretionary power to dissolve the National Assembly mentioned in the previous section.

The use of Article 58 2 ( b ) was almost exclusively justified by the President as necessary, for the removal of corrupt governments that, it was asserted, had lost the confidence of the people.

In general discourse, the Eighth Amendment has become synonymous with Article 58 2 ( b ), which in turn is considered to be the provision that introduced the presidential power to dissolve the National Assembly.

Clause ( 2 ) added to Article 58 by that Order stated: " The President may also dissolve the National Assembly in his discretion where, in his opinion, an appeal to the electorate is necessary.

Article 58 of the Russian SFSR Penal Code was put in force on 25 February 1927 to arrest those suspected of counter-revolutionary activities.

Inmates under Article 58 were known as " politichesky " ( полити ́ ческий ), as opposed to common criminals, " ugolovnik " ( уголо ́ вник ).

Section 10 of Article 58 made " propaganda and agitation against the Soviet Union " a triable offence, whilst section 12 allowed for onlookers to be prosecuted for not reporting instances of section 10.

In effect, Article 58 was carte blanche for the secret police to arrest and imprison anyone deemed suspicious, making for its use as a political weapon.

During and after World War II, Article 58 was used to imprison some of the returned Soviet prisoners of war on the grounds that their capture and detainment by the Axis Powers during the war was proof that they did not fight to the death and were therefore anti-Soviet.

Article 58 was applied outside USSR as well.

In the Soviet occupation zone of Germany people were interned as " spies " for suspected opposition to the Stalinist regime, e. g. for contacts to organizations based in the Western occupation zones, on the basis of Article 58 of the Soviet penal code.

What is required is the full implementation of Article 2 of the Treaty, which provides: `` The Parties will contribute toward the further development of peaceful and friendly international relations by strengthening their free institutions, by bringing about a better understanding of the principles upon which these institutions are founded, and by promoting conditions of stability and well-being.

The Secretary of the Treasury, upon the concurrence of the Secretary of State, is authorized and directed, out of the sum covered into the Yugoslav Claims Fund pursuant to subsection ( B ) of this section, after completing the payments of such funds pursuant to subsection ( C ) of this Section, to make payment of the balance of any sum remaining in such fund to the Government of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia to the extent required under Article 1 ( C ) of the Yugoslav Claims Agreement of 1948.

In the event the total of rupees accruing to the Government of the United States of America as a consequence of sales made pursuant to this Agreement is different from the rupee equivalent of $1,276 million, the amounts available for the purposes specified in paragraph 1, Article 2, will be adjusted proportionately.

I have the honor to refer to the Agricultural Commodities Agreement signed today between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of India ( hereinafter referred to as the Agreement ) and, with regard to the rupees accruing to uses indicated under Article 2, of the Agreement, to state that the understanding of the Government of the United States of America is as follows: 1.

With respect to Article 2,, paragraphs 1 ( B ) and 1 ( C ): Uses of Section 104 ( E ) and Section 104 ( G ) rupees: The Government of India will use the amount of rupees granted or loaned to it by the United States pursuant to paragraphs 1 ( B ) and 1 ( C ) for projects to promote economic development with emphasis upon the agricultural sector including food reserve storage structures and facilities as may from time to time be agreed upon by the authorized representatives of the United States and the authorized representatives of the Government of India, in the following sectors: A.

The Government of India further agrees in cooperation with the Government of the United States, to coordinate the use of grant and loan funds provided for in paragraphs 1 ( B ) and 1 ( C ) of Article 2, with such direct dollar assistance as may be made available by the Government of the United States of America, so that both sources of financing may be channeled to specific and clearly identifiable economic development programs and projects.

Local currency will be advanced or reimbursed to the Government of India for financing agreed projects under paragraphs 1 ( B ) and 1 ( C ) of Article 2, of the Agreement upon the presentation of such documentation as the United States may specify.

The Government of India shall maintain or cause to be maintained books and records adequate to identify the goods and services financed for agreed projects pursuant to paragraphs 1 ( B ) and 1 ( C ) of Article 2, of the Agreement, to disclose the use thereof in the projects and to record the progress of the projects ( including the cost thereof ).

Mr. Justice Black was one of the minority that rested on the Article 1, power.

In this view, supported by only three members of the Court, a power denied by the specific provisions of Article 3, was granted by the generality of Article 1.

How explicit such factors have been historically is evident in any chronology of restrictive covenant cases or in a review of NAREB's Code of Ethics Article 34 in the Code, adopted in 1924, states that `` a Realtor should never be instrumental in introducing into a neighborhood a character of property or occupancy, members of any race or nationality or any individuals whose presence will clearly be detrimental to property values in that neighborhood ''.

St Thomas Aquinas in the Summa Theologica, II: II Quaestio 25, Article 4 states that we should love our neighbour more than our ourselves.

All ships at port are subject to inspection in accordance with Article 7, Antarctic Treaty.

In New York State assault as defined in the New York State Penal Code Article 120, requires an actual injury.

Andrew Johnson appointed nine Article III federal judges during his presidency, all to United States district courts.

The act was later extended to Scotland, as a result of the Treaty of Union ( Article II ), enacted in the Acts of Union 1707 before it was ever needed.

By virtue of Article II of the Treaty of Union, which defined the succession to the throne of Great Britain, the Act of Settlement became part of Scots Law as well.

The Tokyo Convention states in Article 11, defining the so-called unlawful takeover of an aircraft, that the parties signing the agreement are obliged, in case of hijacking or a threat of it, to take all the necessary measures in order to regain or keep control over an aircraft.

In a situation, when he has justification to assume, that a given person committed or is attempting to commit an act regulated by the convention, he can apply towards that person “ reasonable measures ” including restraint, under a condition that they do not break the rules enumerated in Article 6, paragraph 1 of the Tokyo Convention.

* portal. telegraph. co. uk ( Article which reports that the Saudi Arabian Airlines pilot named Omari was not involved with the terrorist attacks )

Bogers and Fijneman were charged with distributing a scheduled substance ( DMT ); however, the prosecution was unable to prove that the use of ayahuasca by members of the Santo Daime constituted a sufficient threat to public health and order that it warranted denying their rights to religious freedom under ECHR Article 9.

Article 25 of the Thirty-Nine Articles, speaking of the sacraments, says: " Those five commonly called Sacraments, that is to say, Confirmation, Penance, Orders, Matrimony, and extreme Unction, are not to be counted for Sacraments of the Gospel, being such as have grown partly of the corrupt following of the Apostles, partly are states of life allowed in the Scriptures ; but yet have not like nature of Sacraments with Baptism, and the Lord's Supper, for that they have not any visible sign or ceremony ordained of God.