The dominant mechanisms ( to which recent climate change has been attributed ) are anthropogenic, i. e., the result of human activity.

Ecosystem processes can increase with nitrogen fertilization, but anthropogenic input can also result in nitrogen saturation, which weakens productivity and can damage the health of plants, animals, fish, and humans.

The Virgin Earth Challenge will award $ 25 million to the individual or group who are able to demonstrate a commercially viable design which will result in the net removal of anthropogenic, atmospheric greenhouse gases each year for at least ten years without countervailing harmful effects.

This study suggests that wild tortoises that are close to the urban-wildlife interface may be vulnerable to spread of disease as a direct result of anthropogenic influence.

Although at all times environmental influences have extended beyond particular geographic regions and cultures, during the 20th and early 21st centuries anthropogenic environmental change has assumed global proportions, most prominently with climate change but also as a result of settlement, the spread of disease and the globalization of world trade.

This is a cause of concern for conservationists because beds of eelgrass are already degraded and sparse as a result of anthropogenic forces.

Genital modification and mutilation may involve amputating tissue, although not necessarily as a result of injury or disease.

For instance, a professional modification of a production sports car into a racing machine would not be considered a hack-job, but a cobbled together backyard mechanic's result could be.

The Starfleet Engineering Corps ( also called the Starfleet Corps of Engineers ) is mentioned in several episodes in conjunction with projects such as hollowing out the underground laboratory complex inside the Regula I asteroid in Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan, the design of the Yellowstone-class Runabout in the alternate timeline in the Star Trek: Voyager episode " Non Sequitur ", and devising a defense against the Breen energy-dampening weapon in the Star Trek: Deep Space Nine episode " When It Rains ..." As a result of these successes, Starfleet engineers have gained a reputation as the undisputed masters of technological adaptation and modification.

* Epitope modification or Cryptic epitope exposure – this mechanism of autoimmune disease is unique in that it does not result from a defect in the hematopoietic system.

Tooth form has also undergone evolutionary modification as a result of natural selection for specialised feeding or other adaptations.

Flakes can be modified into formal tools, which result from additional working of the piece to shape a flake into a desired form, or the they can be used without further modification, and are then referred to as expedient tools.

The Linux "/ dev / urandom " device is a simple modification which disregards estimates of input randomness, and is therefore rather less likely to have high entropy as a result.

The activity of these nerves, or rather their fibers, may become excited or allayed by impingement, the result being a modification of functionating — too much or not enough action — which is dis-ease.

One important modification carried out as the result of operational experience in Afghanistan was the fitting of a second layer of stand-off armour, usually a high resistant ballistic rubber-like material, to act as spaced armour around the top of the hull sides and around the turret.

Therefore, software development may include research, new development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re-engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that result in software products.

A device incorporating the toxic attributes of chemical materials designed to result in the dispersal of these toxic chemical materials for the purpose of creating a primary patho-physiological toxic effect ( morbidity and mortality ), or secondary psychological effect ( causing fear and behavior modification ) on a larger population.

A device incorporating biological materials designed to result in the dispersal of vector borne biological material for the purpose of creating a primary patho-physiological toxic effect ( morbidity and mortality ), or secondary psychological effect ( causing fear and behavior modification ) on a larger population.

A device incorporating radioactive materials designed to result in the dispersal of radioactive material for the purpose of area denial and economic damage, and / or for the purpose of creating a primary patho-physiological toxic effect ( morbidity and mortality ), or secondary psychological effect ( causing fear and behavior modification ) on a larger population.

A device making use of exothermic chemical reactions designed to result in the rapid spread of fire for the purpose of creating a primary patho-physiological effect ( morbidity and mortality ), or secondary psychological effect ( causing fear and behavior modification ) on a larger population or it may be used with the intent of gaining a tactical advantage.

As a result, she was heavily involved in the modification of several scenes.

The result was a very minor modification but the new design was also dropped a few years later.

Since November 2006 Radio Sweden's medium-wave broadcast from Solsberg ceased regular transmissions as a result of a modification in its shortwave time-share agreement which allows Radio Sweden to broadcast to North America via RCI's transmitters in Sackville and RCI to Europe via Radio Sweden.

The creation of National Parks, beginning in the 19th century, preserved some especially attractive and notable areas, but the pursuits of commerce, lifestyle, and recreation combined with increases in human population have continued to result in human modification of relatively untouched areas.

Hip modification surgeries such as these usually result in reduction of hip function in return for improved quality of life, pain control, and a reduction in future risk.

If genetic modification of DNA is done, the result is a " knockdown organism ".

* 1985: Fort Worth Star-Telegram, " for reporting by Mark Thompson ( reporter ) which revealed that nearly 250 U. S. servicemen had lost their lives as a result of a design problem in helicopters built by Bell Helicopter-a revelation which ultimately led the Army to ground almost 600 Huey helicopters pending their modification.

As a result of the 1989 modification, that defence was removed.

This was the result of the modification of B ' nai B ' rith's long-standing " district " model.

Obtaining a warrant or taking other action based solely on steganalytic evidence is a very dicey proposition unless a payload has been completely recovered and decrypted, because otherwise all the analyst has is a statistic indicating that a file may have been modified, and that modification may have been the result of steganographic encoding.

Adaptive radiations often occur as a result of an organism arising in an environment with unoccupied niches, such as a newly formed lake or isolated island chain.

Lessons may result in changes of height and posture, which call for a new wardrobe or require other costs for new ergonomic adjustments in the daily environment.

Each individual test, known as a case, exercises a particular operating condition of the user's environment or feature of the system, and will result in a pass or fail, or boolean, outcome.

On 4 November 2008 Cessna's parent company, Textron, indicated that Citation production would be reduced from the original 2009 target of 535 " due to continued softening in the global economic environment " and that this would result in an undetermined number of lay-offs at Cessna.

# As a result of interaction with the environment, and particularly as a result of evaluational interaction with others, the structure of the self is formed-an organized, fluid but consistent conceptual pattern of perceptions of characteristics and relationships of the " I " or the " me ", together with values attached to these concepts.

For example, a system may not be able to reach a lower energy state by releasing energy into the environment, because it is hindered in some way from taking the path that will result in the energy release.

The habitat of a species describes the environment over which a species is known to occur and the type of community that is formed as a result.

These reciprocal effects result in gene environment correlation.

Opportunistic disease may be caused by microbes that are ordinarily in contact with the host, such as pathogenic bacteria or fungi in the gastrointestinal or the upper respiratory tract, and they may also result from ( otherwise innocuous ) microbes acquired from other hosts ( as in Clostridium difficile colitis ) or from the environment as a result of traumatic introduction ( as in surgical wound infections or compound fractures ).

For instance, an employee who steals from the company may do so because of lax supervision ( environment ) and underlying psychopathology ( person ) that work in concert to result in the counterproductive behavior.

In an aqueous system, the polar heads of lipids align towards the polar, aqueous environment, while the hydrophobic tails minimize their contact with water and tend to cluster together, forming a vesicle ; depending on the concentration of the lipid, this biophysical interaction may result in the formation of micelles, liposomes, or lipid bilayers.

Increases in exports, including textiles, would result primarily from improvements in port efficiency and the regulatory environment.

Exports of transport equipment would be expected to increase by the greatest increment from improvements in port efficiency, whereas exports of food and machinery would largely be the result of improvements in the regulatory environment.

As a result of rapid urbanization and industrial growth policies under the communist regime, Mongolia's deteriorating environment has become a major concern.

The phenotype is the result of the genotype and the environment in which the organism lives ( see Genotype-phenotype distinction ).

Ecological selection covers any mechanism of selection as a result of the environment ( including relatives, e. g. kin selection, competition, and infanticide ), while " sexual selection " refers specifically to competition for mates.

The end result of natural selection is two populations that are both optimally adapted to their specific environment, while both perform substandard in the other environment.

The early Paleozoic climate was also strongly zonal, with the result that the " climate ", in an abstract sense became warmer, but the living space of most organisms of the time — the continental shelf marine environment — became steadily colder.

A third theory of perception, enactivism, attempts to find a middle path between realist and anti-realist theories, positing that cognition arises as a result of the dynamic interplay between an organism's sensory-motor capabilities and its environment.

Both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation can be harmful to organisms and can result in changes to the natural environment.

There are also other forms of rust, such as the result of the reaction of iron and chloride in an environment deprived of oxygen, such as rebar used in underwater concrete pillars, which generates green rust.

The result of this environment was the lapse of the Licensing Act.