Plantations or colonies, in distant countries, are either such where the lands are claimed by right of occupancy only, by finding them desert and uncultivated, and peopling them from the mother-country ; or where, when already cultivated, they have been either gained by conquest, or ceded to us by treaties.

The pattern was repeated in many other former British colonies as they gained independence from the United Kingdom.

After India gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1947, it soon joined the Commonwealth of Nations and strongly supported independence movements in other colonies, like the Indonesian National Revolution.

All of the European colonies on the Indian subcontinent which were not part of the British Raj have been annexed by the Republic of India since it gained its independence from the British Empire.

In the years following World War II, most of the remaining European colonies gained their independence, and most became republics.

" Moderates in the Congress still hoped that the colonies could be reconciled with Great Britain, but a movement towards independence steadily gained ground.

Britain gained control of French Canada and Acadia, colonies containing approximately 80, 000 primarily French-speaking Roman Catholic residents.

* Mobile Fighter G Gundam takes place in the Future Century ( FC ), where space colonies have gained the upper hand over Earth, consequently attempting to put an end to the internal power struggles now plaguing the planet.

France gained little from the Treaty of Paris ( of 1783 ) that ended the war, except the colonies of Tobago and Senegal.

During this period after WWII many of Africa's colonies had gained their independence, however, those that assumed power continued to control the population the same as their previous oppressors.

In the 18th century, Denmark – Norway revived its former colonies in Greenland, while the Russian Empire gained a foothold in Alaska.

In the Treaty of Breda, the Dutch gained control of these colonies.

When most former African colonies gained independence in 1957 / 1964, the Portuguese still held on.

As the colonies gained political independence, each of their legal systems began drifting from the original in an irreversible departure from the English way of making laws and deciding cases.

The Dutch aim soon changed to acquisition of territory as other European powers gained colonies elsewhere in the Caribbean.

The most popular — though probably mythical — story regarding the reason the area was named Liberty was put forth by Mrs. Annie Craig in 1936: “ At the close of the Revolutionary war a religious meeting was being held at a church close to a spring near the present town of Liberty when the word came that Cornwallis had surrendered and the colonies had gained their independence.

In January 1664 Colbert became the Superintendent of buildings ; in 1665 he became Controller-General of Finances ; in 1669, he became Secretary of State of the Navy ; he also gained appointments as minister of commerce, of the colonies and of the palace.

In Guam and Northern Mariana Islands, the term " Mestizo " was borrowed from the American colonies and was formerly used to identify people of mixed Pacific Islander and Spanish ancestry ; however, as the United States gained control of these islands after the Spanish-American War in 1898, the term " Multiracial " replaced " Mestizo ".

Under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, several individual colonies gained federal recognition as independent tribes.

As a member of the daring Rogers ' Rangers, Stark gained valuable combat experience and a detailed knowledge of the northern frontier of the American colonies.

Under Douglas-Home the colonies of Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland gained independence, though this was as a result of negotiations led by Macleod under the Macmillan government.

When France established the Third Republic in 1871, the colonies, Martinique among them, gained representation in the National Assembly.

As Spain's former colonies in Central America gained their independence in 1821 and then began a series of wars to determine whether there would be a federalist, unitary union, or each former province would be independent, the potential of any regional power to threaten the Miskito kingdom declined.

By the end of the 1960s, many of France's colonies had gained independence, although some territories – especially islands and archipelagos – were integrated into France as overseas departments and territories.

In 1775, with events outpacing communications, the Second Continental Congress began acting as the provisional government to run the American Revolutionary War and gain the colonies their collective independence.

This period also saw the process of decolonisation commence with the partition and independence of India and Pakistan, followed by the independence of British colonies in Africa and Asia.

The declaration of independence by the 13 British colonies of North America, and the victory of the French Revolution of 1789, influenced early Cuban liberation movements, as did the successful revolt of black slaves in Haiti in 1791.

This suppression and the success of independence movements in the former Spanish colonies on the North American mainland led to a rise of Cuban nationalism, and a number of independence conspiracies took place during the 1820s and 1830s, but all failed.

Most imperial powers had not foreseen a need to prepare their colonies for independence ; for example, Britain had given limited self-rule to India and Sri Lanka, while treating British Somaliland as little more than a trading post, while all major decisions for French colonies were made in Paris and Belgium prohibited any self-government up until it suddenly granted independence to its colonies in 1960.

The lack of credible governance was compounded by the fact that most colonies were economic loss-makers at independence, lacking both a productive economic base and a taxation system to effectively extract resources from economic activity.

Further, dozens of independence movements and global political solidarity projects such as the Non-Aligned Movement were instrumental in the decolonization efforts of former colonies.

Specifically, neocolonialism refers to the theory that former or existing economic relationships, such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the Central American Free Trade Agreement, created by former colonial powers were or are used to maintain control of their former colonies and dependencies after the colonial independence movements of the post – World War II period.

The citizenry had a good relationship with the Proprietary government, and generally were allowed more independence of action in their Colonial Assembly than in other colonies.

Spain ruled the Islands from Buenos Aires until 1811, withdrawing due to the pressures of the Peninsular war against Bonapartist rule at home and the moves toward independence by her South American colonies.

The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain and became the first states in the Union.

The founding of a Fifth Republic was supported by the French people, while France's colonies were given the choice between more autonomy in a new French Community and immediate independence.

The other colonies chose the former but Guinea — under the leadership of Ahmed Sékou Touré whose Democratic Party of Guinea ( PDG ) had won 56 of 60 seats in 1957 territorial elections — voted overwhelmingly for independence.

The Portuguese Governor and Commander in Chief from 1968 to 1973, General António de Spínola, returned to Portugal and led the movement which brought democracy to Portugal and independence for its colonies.

This triggered a successful but devastating war for Spanish independence that shattered the country and created an opening for what would ultimately be the successful independence of Spain's mainland American colonies.

Sir -- When the colonies decided upon freedom from England, we insisted, through the Declaration of Independence, that the nations of the world recognize us as a separate political entity.

Tolek Alterman had returned from the colonies in Palestine and, before the national leadership, exalted the miracles of drying up swamps and irrigating the desert.

Traders from the English colonies were far more generous, and Indian loyalty turned to them.

Wakefield had read accounts of Australian settlement while in prison in London for attempting to abduct an heiress, and realised that the eastern colonies suffered from a lack of available labour, due to the practice of giving land grants to all arrivals.

Roser Segimon was the wealthy widow of Josep Guardiola, an Indiano, a term applied locally to the Catalans returning from the American colonies with tremendous wealth.

The ALP was founded as a federal party prior to the first sitting of the Australian Parliament in 1901, but is descended from Labour parties founded in the various Australian colonies by the emerging labour movement in Australia, formally beginning in 1891.

In the years before the Tokugawa shogunate, that innovative daimyo from Western Japan had been actively involved in negotiating trade and diplomatic treaties with Spain and with the colonies of New Spain ( Mexico ) and the Philippines ; and it was anticipated that the mere presence of the Princess could serve to underscore the range of possibilities which could be inferred from that little-known history.

With him speculation passes from the colonies of Greece to settle at Athens.

Records from the early 19th century survive to this day describing the distinct dialect that had surfaced in the colonies since first settlement in 1788, with Peter Miller Cunningham's 1827 book Two Years in New South Wales, describing the distinctive accent and vocabulary of the native born colonists, different from that of their parents and with a strong London influence.

A counterpoint to this argument would be that neither Samaria nor Syria where these refugees were claimed to have originated from were actually ever part of Assyria, but were colonies inhabited largely by Hebrews, Nabateans and Arameans respectively.

One of the cookbooks that proliferated in the colonies was The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy written by Hannah Glasse, wrote of disdain for the French style of cookery, stating “ the blind folly of this age that would rather be imposed on by a French booby, than give encouragement to a good English cook !” Of the French recipes, she does add to the text she speaks out flagrantly against the dishes as she “… think it an odd jumble of trash .” Reinforcing the anti-French sentiment was the French and Indian War from 1754-1764.

The New England colonies were extremely similar in their dietary habits to those that many of them had brought from England.

While the earliest cuisine of the United States was influenced by indigenous American Indians, the cuisine of the thirteen colonies or the culture of the antebellum American South ; the overall culture of the nation, its gastronomy and the growing culinary arts became ever more influenced by its changing ethnic mix and immigrant patterns from the 18th and 19th centuries unto the present.

From the time of the Spanish colonies there has existed a type of sorbet made from fallen hail or snow.

From the 1960s, pieds-noirs ( French citizens living in the north African colonies ), immigrants chiefly from the Maghreb, and continental French people also contributed to the increase.

The navy (, ) traces its heritage to Admiral Cochrane's mercenary fleet and to the tiny Portuguese ships and crews that protected the earliest coastal colonies from seaborne marauders.

By the 18th century an increasing number of new plants had arrived in Europe from newly discovered countries and the European colonies worldwide and a larger number of plants became available for study.

In 2009 some reports from the US suggested that 1 / 3 of the honey bee colonies did not survive the winter, though normal winter losses are known to be around 25 %.

The film Blade Runner ( 1982 ), adapted from Philip K. Dick's Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep ?, is set in 2019 in a dystopian future in which manufactured beings called replicants are slaves used on space colonies and are legal prey on Earth to various bounty hunters who " retire " ( kill ) them.

A major military base was built in Kenya, and the African colonies came under an unprecedented degree of direct control from London.