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As early as the 1960s, NASA's Application Technology Satellite ( ATS ) and Advanced Communications Technology Satellite ( ACTS ) programs prototyped many of the technologies used on TDRSS and other commercial communications satellites, including frequency division multiple-access ( FDMA ), three-axis spacecraft stabilization and high-performance communications technologies.
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early and 1960s
Throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, Kurosawa directed approximately a film a year, including a number of highly regarded films such as Ikiru ( 1952 ), Seven Samurai ( 1954 ) and Yojimbo ( 1961 ).
* The Atlantics, an Australian surf rock band formed in the early 1960s
Farming of abalone began in the late 1950s and early 1960s in Japan and China.
By the early 1960s, most of East and Central Africa, where the majority of the Ismāʿīlī population on the continent resided including Tanganyika, Kenya, Uganda, Malagasy, Rwanda, Burundi and Zaire, had attained their political independence.
The early 1960s and 1970s ( up until his death in 1976 ) were marked by key works in Helsinki, in particular the huge town plan for the void in centre of Helsinki adjacent to Töölö Bay and the vast railway yards, and marked on the edges by significant buildings such as the National Museum and the main railway station, both by Eliel Saarinen.
Aalto first presented his scheme in 1961, but it went through various modifications during the early 1960s.
From the late 1940s to the early 1960s, following the creation of the state of Israel, most of these Jews fled their countries of birth and are now mostly concentrated in Israel.
The concept of playing solo steel-string guitar in a concert setting was introduced in the early 1960s by such performers as Davey Graham and John Fahey, who used country blues fingerpicking techniques to compose original compositions with structures somewhat like European classical music.
One story is that The Rolling Stones went to stay at Korner's house late one night, in the early 1960s, after a performance.
However, the late 1950s and early 1960s saw the onset of a lasting transformation of the city by the tourist industry.
By the early 1960s, the monument had grown very blackened from coal soot and automobile exhaust, and during 1965 – 1966 it was cleaned through bleaching.
* Unmanned air vehicles are the latest form of air observation, having been first introduced in the early 1960s.
Water-soluble artists ' acrylic paints became commercially available in the 1950s, offered by Liquitex, with high-viscosity paints similar to those made today becoming available in the early 1960s.
Belgium, like France, controlled African countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo ( formerly Zaire ), Rwanda, and Burundi until the early 1960s.
By the early 1960s, US research on the Nike Zeus missile system had developed to the point where small improvements would allow it to be used as the basis of a " real " ABM system.
* About 50 people in Vernon, Florida collected insurance claims for loss-of-limb accidents in the late 1950s and early 1960s ; this was more than two-thirds of all such claims in the United States during that time.
He changed his surname from Einstein ( to avoid confusion with the famous physicist ) and began a comedy career that quickly made him a regular on variety and talk shows during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
The Missileer project was cancelled in December 1960, but in the early 1960s Navy made the next interceptor attempt with the F-111B, and they needed a new missile design.
During the early 1960s, while also active in ASCII standardization, IBM simultaneously introduced in its product line of System / 360 the 8-bit Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code ( EBCDIC ), an expansion of their 6-bit binary-coded decimal ( BCDIC ) representation used in earlier card punches.
In the early 1960s, AT & T introduced digital telephony first on long-distance trunk lines.
A limited edition release included two bonus tracks on a separate disc recorded in the early 1960s, and two years later, on September 16, 2003, this album was one of fifteen Dylan titles reissued and remastered for SACD hybrid playback.
Because of this, the United States Air Force XB-70 Valkyrie program was cancelled in the early 1960s ; the later B-1B Lancer and B-2 Spirit aircraft entered service only after protracted political and development problems.
The generals of the early 1990s had been junior officers in the early 1960s and had witnessed the military coup in 1964.
The United States, particularly through its counterinsurgency doctrines of the early 1960s, was more influential with the older group of officers.
early and NASA's
A reason Von Braun, head of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center during the 1960s, advocated for a smaller station after his large one was not built was that he wished to provide his employees with work beyond developing the Saturn rockets, which would be completed relatively early during Project Apollo.
* The SSTV system used in NASA's early Apollo missions transferred ten frames per second with a resolution of 320 frame lines using less bandwidth than a normal TV transmission.
Many examples of early usage are provided in Craig Larman and Victor Basili's article " Iterative and Incremental Development: A Brief History ", with one of the earliest being NASA's 1960s Project Mercury.
Astronomers have been conducting surveys to locate the NEOs, many ( as of early 2007 ) funded by NASA's Near Earth Object ( NEO ) program office as part of their Spaceguard program.
An early prototype can be seen in NASA's collection of humanoid robots, or robonauts.
In the early 1990s KDA was involved with NASA's JPL and Germany's DASA in software development of the test / checkout system, as well as spacecraft hardware production, for the NASA / ESA Cassini-Huygens space probe.
NASA's early manned spaceflights, Mercury and Gemini, were prepared for launch from Cape launch pads LC-5, LC-14 and LC-19 by U. S. Air Force crews.
The result, Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar, was to have been the first orbital spaceplane, but was canceled in the early 1960s in lieu of NASA's Project Gemini and the U. S. Air Force's Manned Orbiting Laboratory program.
He joined NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) as payload integration engineer that year and except for a three-year span in the early 1980s has worked at JPL since.
" The changes were discussed as early as mid-August 2005, and Dr. Waleed Abdalati, manager of NASA's Cryospheric Sciences Program, noted at the time that " There was some discussion of the political sensitivities of the exhibit.
Mercury-Atlas 10 ( MA-10 ) was a cancelled early manned space mission, which would have been the last flight in NASA's Mercury program.
SpaceDev built and conducted early orbit operations of the Low Earth Orbit ( LEO ) microsat, the first to use only the Internet for its communications, for University of California at Berkeley under NASA's University Explorer Program ( UNEX ).
Approximately 365 Agena spacecraft supported a wide variety of missions, from NASA's early interplanetary efforts ; to the US Navy's SeaSat, the USAF's Corona, Midas and Samos series between January 1959 and February 1987, when the last Agena D was launched.
The Air Force Meteorologists and NASA's Observational Scientists desired higher apogees with the ROBINSphere payloads in the early 1970s.
Sonmiani Satellite Launch Center was planned and constructed by U. S .' s space agency, NASA in the early 1962s when a team of NASA's engineers visited Pakistan.
An early proponent of increased investment in robotic systems, Engelberger published articles and gave Congressional testimony on the value of using automation in space long before successes of the NASA's Mars landers, Galileo, and other unmanned space science missions.
During the 1980s and early 1990s this GCM was one of NASA's primary research tools used in the study of global climate change.
Before developing the food processor in the early 1970s, he invented a number of other devices, including a microwave-based direction finder used during NASA's moon program.
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