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Page "History of Romania" ¶ 18
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king and maintained
This meant not only that the king had retained the loyalty of ealdormen, royal reeves and king ’ s thegns ( who were charged with levying and leading these forces ), but that they had maintained their positions of authority in these localities well enough to answer his summons to war.
The political power of the Empire was maintained but the conflict had demonstrated the limits of any ruler's power, especially in regard to the Church, and robbed the king of the sacral status he had previously enjoyed.
This is based on epitaphs maintained in the chapterhouse of Clermont Abbey which appear to refer to Emma as the daughter of a king.
In 1490 John was able to purchase the former Lusatian territory around Zossen, acknowledged by the Bohemian king Vladislaus II, and maintained the succession claims of the Hohenzollern dynasty to the Pomeranian lands held by the House of Griffins.
Even though Byzantine emperors maintained a claim over the territory, and no barbarian king in the west dared to elevate himself to the position of Emperor of the West, Byzantine control of most of the West could not be sustained ; the reconquest of the Italian peninsula and Mediterranean periphery by Justinian was the sole, and temporary, exception.
The Electress Dowager maintained an attitude of reserve and even refused to grant the Swedish king a personal meeting with Maria Eleonora.
He maintained, but with less energy, the policies of his predecessor Nicholas I. Lothar II, king of Lotharingia, who died in 869, left Adrian to mediate between the Frankish kings with a view to assuring the Holy Roman Emperor Louis II the inheritance of Lothar II, Louis's brother.
The king maintained his control over the city by controlling the elections of aldermen and magistrates.
After Carloman's resignation in 747 he maintained a sometimes turbulent relationship with the king of the Franks, Pepin ; the claim that he would have crowned Pepin at Soissons in 751 is now generally discredited.
Reacting to the wars of religion of his own time and the previous century, he maintained that the absolute rule of a king was the only possible alternative to the otherwise inevitable violence and anarchy of civil war.
Unlike the Greek tradition of Cronus and Zeus, the usurpation of Saturn as king of the gods by Jupiter was not viewed by the Latins as violent or hostile ; Saturn continued to be revered in his temple at the foot of the Capitol Hill, which maintained the alternative name Saturnius into the time of Varro.
Ceuta governors did not accept the new king ; they maintained their allegiance to Spain.
He adopted an independent tone in informing the imperial Exarch in Ravenna of his election, but wrote to Pepin the Younger that the Frankish alliance should be maintained unimpaired, being possibly forced to this course by the Lombard king Desiderius.
Isabella's position was still precarious, as the legal basis for deposing Edward was minimal and many lawyers of the day maintained that Edward was still the rightful king, regardless of the declaration of the Parliament.
This created a difficult situation for the poet-bishop who, while a friend of the Polish king, maintained close relations with the Prussian king.
places of safety ( places de sûreté ), which were military strongholds such as La Rochelle, in support of which the king paid 180, 000 écus a year, along with a further 150 emergency forts ( places de refuge ), to be maintained at the Huguenots ' own expense.
Despite his defiance of the Germans, the Belgian government-in-exile in London maintained that the king did not represent the Belgian government and was unable to reign.
Despite this, Kekaumenos lauds the " loyalty and love " Harald had for the empire, which he reportedly maintained even after he became king of Norway.
William supported King John when he became king in 1199, arguing against those who maintained the claims of Arthur of Brittany, the teenage son of John's elder brother Geoffrey Plantagenet.
But even before the conquest by Alexander the Bithynians appear to have asserted their independence, and successfully maintained it under two native princes, Bas and Zipoites, the latter of whom assumed the title of king ( basileus ) in 297 BC.
Nonetheless, under threat of attacks from the Huguenots, the king maintained the castle's defensive capabilities by making it a military outpost and by installing artillery on the château's upper terraces.
In one of his most powerful speeches, he maintained the inviolability of the king ’ s person.

king and independent
In Peru and Rio de la Plata many powerful figures proposed an American Monarchy such as those who wanted an independent Peruvian king of the still alive Inca Royal House, and those who requested a Prince of the Spanish house of Bourbon to come and rule directly in Lima, Mexico City or Bogota, as the Portuguese House of Orleans-Braganza had done in Rio de Janeiro.
On 9 March 1945, during the Japanese occupation of Cambodia, young king Norodom Sihanouk proclaimed an independent Kingdom of Kampuchea, following a formal request by the Japanese.
Conrad's death was followed by the Interregnum, during which no king could achieve universal recognition and the princes managed to consolidate their holdings and became even more independent rulers.
The head of the Hittite state was the king, followed by the heir-apparent, although some officials exercised independent authority over various branches of the government.
Accordingly, at the time of the Glorious Revolution, the English Parliament acted of its own authority to name a new king and queen ( joint monarchs Mary II and William III ); likewise, Edward VIII's abdication required the approval of the parliament in each of Edward's six independent realms.
It was founded as an independent state by an Amorite king named Sumuabum in 1894 BC.
A tuath was an autonomous group of people of independent political jurisdiction under a Rí túaithe, that is, a local petty king.
The free and independent Church bound itself in solemn allegiance to the acknowledged king ; it said nothing of allegiance to the Bishop of Rome.
Under its provisions, the king remained the central figure in the executive branch of the government, but legislative power was vested in a bicameral parliament, and an independent judiciary was guaranteed.
* 1795 – Partitions of Poland: Stanislaus August Poniatowski, the last king of independent Poland, is forced to abdicate and is exiled to Russia.
His empire survived him in a fragmented manner until the last independent Greek king, Strato II, disappeared around 10 CE.
Rehoboam ( pronounced ; ; ; ) was initially king of the United Monarchy of Israel but after the ten northern tribes of Israel rebelled in 932 / 931 BC to form the independent Kingdom of Israel he was king of the Kingdom of Judah, or southern kingdom.
It was at this time that Amundsen received news that Norway had formally become independent of Sweden and had a new king.
However, this small period of independence meant that it was fashioned as its own kingdom and the subsequent kings named their titles as king of Galicia and León, instead of merely king of León, even though Galicia was never to be independent again.
In May 1328 King Edward III of England signed the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, which recognised Scotland as an independent kingdom, and Bruce as its king.
Adam Smith made the argument that free labor was economically better than slave labor, and argued further that slavery in Europe ended during the Middle Ages, and then only after both the church and state were separate, independent and strong institutions, that it is nearly impossible to end slavery in a free, democratic and republican forms of governments since many of its legislators or political figures were slave owners, and would not punish themselves, and that slaves would be better able to gain their freedom when there was centralized government, or a central authority like a king or the church.
* Stanisław August Poniatowski ( 1732 – 98 ), the last king of independent Poland, a leading light of the Enlightenment in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and co-author of one of the world's first modern constitutions, the Constitution of May 3, 1791.
As the king wrote to North in November 1774, " blows must decide whether they are to be subject to this country or independent ".
Western attempts to reunite the Partisans, who denied the supremacy of the old government of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and the émigrés loyal to the king led to the Tito-Šubašić Agreement in June 1944 ; however, Marshal Josip Broz Tito was seen as a national hero by the citizens and was elected by referendum to lead the new independent communist state, starting as a prime minister.
** Syrian National Congress proclaim Syria independent with Faisal I of Iraq as king.
** Aben Humeya, last independent king of Granada ( d. 1568 )
* Shashanka is the first recorded independent king of Bengal ( approximate date ).

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