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opposed and reformist
Social liberals and reformist, moderate non-socialists, however, opposed any restriction of parliamentarianism.
This view is opposed to the reformist and Bolshevik stress on vanguard parties, parliaments, or the state.
They criticised high defence expenditure ( especially for nuclear weapons ) and opposed the more reformist stance of Clement Attlee.
Similarly, affiliation to the Labour Party was opposed on the grounds that communists should not work with ' reformist ' Social Democratic parties.
The following year, at the Reims Congress, the orthodox Marxian programme of Guesde was opposed by the " possibilists ", who rejected the intransigeant attitude of Guesde for the reformist policy of Benoît Malon.
While both nationalist traditions were predominantly Catholic in their support base, the hierarchy of the Catholic Church were opposed to republican separatism on the grounds of its violent methods and secular ideology, while they usually supported non-violent reformist nationalism.
This was strongly opposed by Oliver Cromwell's government, who also persecuted the moderate reformist group the Fifth Monarchy Men and the radical utopian group the Diggers.
Both the National Party and Geoffrey Palmer, Labour's leading reformist, supported abolition ; but most Māori strongly opposed it.
They opposed the leadership of the SDAP, who were more oriented towards more a revisionist ideology and a parliamentary and reformist political strategy.
After the election of Mohammad Khatami in 1997, more parties started to work, mostly of the reformist movement and opposed by hard-liners.
It was a liberal reformist party that was opposed to the ruling coalition led by the Liberal Democratic Party ( Japan ).
Fausto Bertinotti was opposed to the dissolution of the PCI in 1991 and the creation by its reformist majority of the Democratic Party of the Left ( PDS ).
After the PCI split at the Bolognina Congress of 1991, to which he was opposed, he joined the reformist majority in the Democrats of the Left, but soon left the group ; after the European elections of 2004 he surprised many by joining the more hardline successor to the old PCI, the Communist Refoundation Party.
Her family belonged to the factions opposed to the reformist, often Catholic, Namin group and she had been completely powerless during Jeongjo ’ s reign.
Both parties opposed both the reformist social-democracy of the SDAP and the CPH.

opposed and strikes
The Clinton administration, by contrast, was committed to a policy of ' lift and strike ' ( lifting the arms embargo and inflicting air strikes on the Serbs ) causing tensions in the ' special relationship ' ( Douglas Hurd and others strongly opposed this policy ).
Powderly opposed strikes as a " relic of barbarism ," but the size and the diversity of the Knights afforded local assemblies a great deal of autonomy.
They were opposed not only to political ( statist ) struggles but also to strikes which put forward wage or other claims, or which were organised by trade unions.
" But " While they were not opposed to strikes as such, they were opposed to trade unions and the struggle for the eight-hour day.
Muay Thai is referred to as the " Art of Eight Limbs " or the " Science of Eight Limbs " because it makes use of punches, kicks, elbows and knee strikes, thus using eight " points of contact ", as opposed to " two points " ( fists ) in boxing and " four points " ( hands and feet ) used in other more regulated combat sports, such as kickboxing and savate.
The other faction, led by Vincent Saint John, William Trautmann, and Big Bill Haywood, believed that direct action in the form of strikes, propaganda, and boycotts was more likely to accomplish sustainable gains for working people ; they were opposed to arbitration and to political affiliation.
Though Pinkerton considered himself pro-labor, he opposed strikes and distrusted labor unions.
Some European languages have a separate word for lightning which strikes the ground ( as opposed to lightning in general ); often it is a cognate of the English word " rays ".
In the mid-1920s, a second wave of student strikes opposed a new grading system.
In contrast, the Trotskyist Socialist Workers Party opposed U. S. participation in the war and supported labor strikes, even in the war-effort industry.
In 1981, he opposed the hunger strikes in the Maze prison in Belfast.
The second trend emerged amongst the German rank-and-file trade unionists who opposed their unions and organized increasingly radical strikes towards the end of 1917 and the beginning of 1918.
However, he opposed closed shops and sitdown strikes, and utilized the Kentucky National Guard to quell labor-related violence in Harlan County.
For this reason he opposed the formation of the General Federation of Trade Unions, as he was convinced it would lead to more strikes.
Supporters included Kristin Halvorsen, who favored NATO's air strikes, but a large group within the party vehemently opposed such support, arguing that violence would only lead to more violence.
On the other hand the 19s and the 32s opposed the government by encouraging strikes and other workers ' demonstrations.
His attempts to reform teachers ' pay and bring in new contracts were opposed by the trade unions, leading to a series of one-day strikes.
In some martial arts like Judo and Jiu Jitsu strangles or chokes are regarded as a safe way to render the opponent unconscious as opposed to other attacks e. g. strikes to the head.
Calles opposed Cárdenas's support for labor unions, especially his tolerance and support for strikes, while Cárdenas opposed Calles's violent methods and his closeness to fascist organizations, most notably the Gold Shirts of general Nicolás Rodríguez Carrasco, which harassed Communists, Jews and Chinese.
The leadership of AKEL at the time ( a political party with communist roots ), opposed EOKA's military action, advocating the Gandhiesque approach of civil disobedience such as workers ' strikes and demonstrations.
During the Great Strikes of 1877, Eugene V. Debs opposed the strikes and argued that there was no essential necessity for the conflict between capital and labor.
They were opposed not only to political ( statist ) struggles but also to strikes which put forward wage or other claims, or which were organised by trade unions.

opposed and many
On this issue, then, as on so many in these months, Steele and Swift took rigidly opposed points of view.
The matter was considered and reconsidered, and finally opposed, but in spite of many objections, the Court granted a charter on January 9, 1792.
These dynamic relationships, between what can be observed on the ground, as opposed to what can be observed by compiling many local observations remain fundamental in any kind of anthropology, whether cultural, biological, linguistic or archaeological.
Tylor also theorized about the origins of religious beliefs in human beings, proposing a theory of animism as the earliest stage, and noting that " religion " has many components, of which he believed the most important to be belief in supernatural beings ( as opposed to moral systems, cosmology, etc .).
Like many regular army officers from the South he was opposed to secession, but resigned his commission soon after he heard of the secession of his adopted state Texas.
Although Romanticism and Neoclassicism were philosophically opposed, they were the dominant European styles for generations, and many artists were affected to a greater or lesser degree by both.
The amendment was submitted to the states for ratification by Congressional joint resolution, and therefore was not subject to Presidential veto, though Johnson vigorously opposed it, again because so many southern states were not represented in the Congress.
Carnegie also opposed the annexation of Cuba by the United States and in this, was successful with many other conservatives who founded an anti-imperialist league that included former presidents of the United States, Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison, and literary figures like Mark Twain.
Anyway some of these positions were not shared by many members of the party, most of whom staunchly opposed stem cell research and artificial insemination.
His arguments were opposed by many of his contemporaries like Eddington and Lev Landau, who argued that some yet unknown mechanism would stop the collapse.
Their inherent focus on practical implementation of technology has tended to keep them oriented more towards incremental-level redesigns and reconfigurations, as opposed to revolutionary research & development or ideas that would be many years from clinical adoption ; however, there is a growing effort to expand this time-horizon over which clinical engineers can influence the trajectory of biomedical innovation.
In 2004, the government discovered that many of the soldiers it was paying did not exist and that there were only about 19, 000 soldiers in the army, as opposed to the 24, 000 that had been previously believed.
Although opposed by many liberals, O ' Higgins angered the Roman Catholic Church with his liberal beliefs.
Currently, the International Organization for Standardization has introduced a three-letter system of codes ( ISO 4217 ) to define currency ( as opposed to simple names or currency signs ), in order to remove the confusion that there are dozens of currencies called the dollar and many called the franc.
Numerous opinions and interpretations of Confucianism ( of which many are actually opposed by Confucianism ) were invented.
On icy as opposed to rocky bodies, other morphological forms appear which may have central pits rather than central peaks, and at the largest sizes may contain very many concentric rings – Valhalla on Callisto is the type example of the latter.
Though Adolf Hitler succeeded in garnering the support of many German industrialists, prominent traditionalists openly and secretly opposed his policies of euthanasia, genocide, and attacks on organized religion, including Claus von Stauffenberg, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Henning von Tresckow, Bishop Clemens August Graf von Galen, and the monarchist Carl Friedrich Goerdeler.
In the United States, liberalism took a strong root because it had little opposition to its ideals, whereas in Europe liberalism was opposed by many reactionary interests.
In many cases, college stadiums employ bench-style seating, as opposed to individual seats with backs and arm rests.
Barebone's Parliament was opposed by former Rumpers and ridiculed by many gentry as being an assembly of ' inferior ' people.
While many Baptists are not opposed to the ancient creeds, they regard them as " not so final that they cannot be revised and re-expressed.
In parallel processing, many operations are performed simultaneously, as opposed to serial, sequential processing, where operations are performed with no time overlap.
While many Tories were strongly opposed to reform, the distributists in certain cases saw this not as conserving a legitimate traditional concept of England, but in many cases, entrenching harmful errors and innovations.
From early on, many Irish nationalists opposed the union and what was seen as the exploitation of the country.

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