The number of Associate Justices is determined by the United States Congress and is currently set at eight by the Judiciary Act of 1869.

Associate Justices, like the Chief Justice, are nominated by the President of the United States and are confirmed by the United States Senate by majority vote.

Article III of the Constitution specifies that Associate Justices, and all other United States federal judges " shall hold their Offices during good Behavior.

The Chief Justice has certain administrative responsibilities that the other Justices do not and is paid slightly more ($ 223, 500 per year for the Chief Justice and $ 213, 900 per year for each Associate Justice ).

Associate Justices have seniority by order of appointment, although the Chief Justice is always considered to be the most senior.

The current Associate Justices are ( in order of seniority ):

The names of retired Associate Justices continue to appear alongside the other active members on the Bound Volumes of Supreme Court decisions.

However, retired Associate Justices ( unlike judges on senior status ) take no part in the consideration or decision of any cases before the Supreme Court, although they may be appointed by the Chief Justice to sit on lower courts.

Currently, there are three retired Associate Justices: Sandra Day O ' Connor, who assumed senior status on January 31, 2006, David H. Souter, who assumed senior status on June 29, 2009, and John Paul Stevens, who assumed senior status on June 29, 2010.

* 1828 – Horace Gray, American jurist and Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States ( d. 1902 )

The Chief Justice is one of nine Supreme Court justices ; the other eight are the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States.

" Nothing more is said in the Constitution regarding the office, including any distinction between the Chief Justice and Associate Justices of the Supreme Court, who are not mentioned in the Constitution.

The other eight members of the Court are officially Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States, not " Associate Justices of the United States.

, the salary is $ 223, 500 per year, which is slightly higher than that of the Associate Justices.

Three serving Associate Justices have received promotions to Chief Justice ; Edward Douglass White in 1910, Harlan Fiske Stone in 1941, and William Rehnquist in 1986.

While Associate Justices may append items to the weekly agenda, in practice this initial agenda-setting power of the Chief Justice has significant influence over the direction of the court.

A Chief Justice who knows the Associate Justices can therefore do much — by the simple act of selecting the justice who writes the Opinion of the Court — to affect the " flavor " of the opinion, which in turn can affect the interpretation of that opinion in cases before lower courts in the years to come.

In addition, the Chief Justice ordinarily administers the oath of office to newly appointed and confirmed Associate Justices, whereas the Senior Associate Justice will normally swear in a new Chief Justice.

The California Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of California and six Associate Justices, who are appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the California Commission on Judicial Appointments.

In a 4 to 1 decision, the Court ruled in favor of the plaintiff, with Chief Justice John Jay and Associate Justices John Blair, James Wilson, and William Cushing constituting the majority ; only Justice Iredell dissented.

Other more recent political figures educated at Columbia include U. S President Barack Obama, Associate Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court Ruth Bader Ginsburg, former U. S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, former chairman of the U. S. Federal Reserve Bank Alan Greenspan, U. S. Attorney General Eric Holder, and U. S. Solicitor General Donald Verrilli Jr .. Dwight D. Eisenhower served as the thirteenth president of Columbia University from 1948 to 1953.

File: Ruth Bader Ginsburg official SCOTUS portrait. jpg | Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, Columbia Law School

Group litigation survived in the United States only thanks to the influence of Supreme Court Associate Justice Joseph Story, who imported it in a rather mangled form into U. S. law through summary discussions in his two equity treatises as well as his famous opinion in West v. Randall ( 1820 ).

He served as the 36th Governor of New York ( 1907 – 1910 ), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States ( 1910 – 1916 ), United States Secretary of State ( 1921 – 1925 ), a judge on the Court of International Justice ( 1928 – 1930 ), and the 11th Chief Justice of the United States ( 1930 – 1941 ).

In October 1910, Hughes was appointed as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court.

* 1752 – Gabriel Duvall, American jurist, and Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court ( d. 1844 )

* Louis Brandeis, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

* 1892 – Robert H. Jackson, American jurist, 57th United States Attorney General and Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court ( d. 1954 )

They arrived in New Orleans on the 16th, and he was taken to the home of Charles Erasmus Fenner, an Associate Justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court.

* 1841 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States ( d. 1935 )

* 1999 – Harry Blackmun, Associate Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court ( b. 1908 )

* The Supreme Court of the Philippines, through a unanimous opinion penned in 2005 by Associate Justice Leonardo Quisumbing, quoted The Moving Finger when it ruled that the widow of defeated presidential candidate Fernando Poe Jr. could not substitute her late husband in his pending election protest against Philippine president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, thus leading to the dismissal of the protest.

* Hugo Black, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States who cited John Lilburne's trial in several opinions beginning with In re Oliver in 1948

William Cushing, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, administered Washington's second oath of office in 1793.

* November 15 – Felix Frankfurter, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court ( d. 1965 )

He was long associated with London's Royal Court Theatre, where he was Co-Artistic Director 1969 – 70, and Associate Artistic Director 1971 – 75, directing premiere productions of plays by David Storey, among others.

It consists of a Chief Justice and an Associate Justice, appointed by the United States Secretary of the Interior.

Associate Members from the United States include ABC, CBS, NBC, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, Time Warner, and the only individual station, Chicago-based classical music station WFMT.

Associate Professor Luk Van Parijs was dismissed in 2005 following allegations of scientific misconduct and found guilty of the same by the United States Office of Research Integrity in 2009.

As of August 2011, there were 276 accredited two-year ( Associate degree ) programs for Physical Therapist Assistants In the United States.

As Associate Attorney General, Giuliani supervised the U. S. Attorney Offices ' federal law enforcement agencies, the Department of Corrections, the Drug Enforcement Administration, and the United States Marshals Service.