Atomic absorption spectroscopy ( AAS ) is a spectroanalytical procedure for the quantitative determination of chemical elements employing the absorption of optical radiation ( light ) by free atoms in the gaseous state.

Atomic absorption spectrometry was first used as an analytical technique, and the underlying principles were established in the second half of the 19th century by Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, both professors at the University of Heidelberg, Germany.

Atomic absorption spectrometer block diagram

simple: Atomic absorption spectroscopy

Atomic absorption spectroscopy ( AAS ) and atomic emission spectroscopy ( AES ) involve visible and ultraviolet light.

* Atomic absorption spectroscopy, a methodology of analytical chemistry

Atomic absorption spectrometers are one of the most commonly sold and used analytical devices.

Atomic fluorescence is generally more sensitive ( i. e. it can detect lower concentrations ) than atomic absorption.

* Prospects in Analytical Atomic Spectrometry – tendencies in five main branches of atomic spectrometry ( absorption, emission, mass, fluorescence and ionization spectrometry )

* Atomic absorption spectrometers use light from hollow cathode lamps that emit light generated by atoms of a specific element, for instance iron or lead or calcium.

Atomic absorption photometers are photometers that measure the light from a very hot flame.

Flame Atomic absorption spectroscopy Instruments, made by e. g. PerkinElmer or Shimadzu, can be operated in emission mode according to the instrument manuals.

Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry ( GFAAS ) ( also known as Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ( ETAAS )) is a type of spectrometry that uses a graphite-coated furnace to vaporize the sample.

# REDIRECT Atomic absorption spectroscopy

Atomic technetium has characteristic emission lines at these wavelengths of light: 363. 3 nm, 403. 1 nm, 426. 2 nm, 429. 7 nm, and 485. 3 nm.

Due to the completeness and accuracy of collisional radiative models for helium the temperature and density of plasmas which have helium present can be measured by taking ratios of the emission intensities of various Atomic spectral lines

The guitar player or bass player of a bands such as Genesis ' Mike Rutherford, Yes ' Chris Squire, John Paul Jones of Led Zeppelin during acoustic sets, Rush ( bassist Geddy Lee ), The Police ( bassist Sting ), Marillion ( Pete Trewavas ) or Atomic Rooster ( organist Vincent Crane ) use the bass pedals to play bass lines.

Atomic orbitals are typically categorized by n, l, and m quantum numbers, which correspond to the electron's energy, angular momentum, and an angular momentum vector component, respectively.

Atomic orbitals are the basic building blocks of the atomic orbital model ( alternatively known as the electron cloud or wave mechanics model ), a modern framework for visualizing the microscopic behavior of electrons in matter.

Atomic orbitals can be the hydrogen-like " orbitals " which are exact solutions to the Schrödinger equation for a hydrogen-like " atom " ( i. e., an atom with one electron ).

Atomic semantics are defined for a variable with a single writer but multiple readers.

Atomic semantics are defined formally in Lamport's " On Interprocess Communication " Distributed Computing 1, 2 ( 1986 ), 77-101.

Atomic physics underlies the workings of chemistry, which studies emergent properties that in turn are the basis of biology.

" Atomic " data, that is, data at the lowest level of detail, are stored in the data warehouse.

Atomic properties like the ionization energy are often quoted in electron volts.

According to the International Atomic Energy Agency there are at least 100 research reactors in the world fueled by highly enriched ( weapons-grade / 90 % enrichment uranium ).

Professor John Mueller of Ohio State University, the author of Atomic Obsession, has also dismissed the need to interfere with Iran's nuclear program and expressed that arms control measures are counterproductive.

A summary of the amounts of radioactive wastes and management approaches for most developed countries are presented and reviewed periodically as part of the International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA ) Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management.

The Atomic orbital | orbitals of the hydrogen atom are descriptions of the probability distribution s of an electron bound state | bound to a proton.

International Atomic Time ( TAI ) is the primary international time standard from which other time standards, including UTC, are calculated.

; Atomic operations: Shared data are accessed by using atomic operations which cannot be interrupted by other threads.

Atomic bombs are based on the theory of nuclear fission, that when a large atom splits it releases a massive amount of energy.

Atomic models will consist of a single nucleus that may be surrounded by one or more bound electrons, whilst molecular models are typically concerned with Molecular Hydrogen and it's Molecular hydrogen ion.

Its Atomic number and atomic symbol are unknown.

The remaining bomb casings are located at the Russian Atomic Weapon Museum, Sarov ( Arzamas-16 ), and the Museum of Nuclear Weapons, All-Russian Research Institute of Technical Physics, Snezhinsk ( Chelyabinsk-70 ).

In various forms, other designs are under development by MIT, University of California at Berkeley, General Atomics ( U. S .), the Dutch company Romawa B. V., Adams Atomic Engines, and Idaho National Laboratory.

These are funded by various national agencies like the Department of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics, Department of Space, Aeronautical Development Agency, Department of Atomic Energy, and Oil and Natural Gas Commission ( ONGC ).

Atomic units are often abbreviated " a. u.

* 1985-1990 in the Film series Back to The Future, references to the Atomic Age and uses of Nuclear Energy are broadly explored ; for example the use of Plutonium in the time machine, the concept of " Mr. Fusion " ( a futuristic small scale fusion reactor for domestic use that can use garbage as fuel ) and references to the common 1950s conceptions of the Atomic Age.

There have also been numerous clones made ( and are still being made ) such as Atomic Tanks, Nasty Armoured Tanks of War, xscorch ( Open Source clone ), Scorched 3D, which attempt to modernize the gameplay and graphics, and others such as Charred Dirt that take a different approach by using a unique graphical style.

While the effects of high and acute doses of ionising radiation are easily observed and understood in humans ( e. g. Japanese Atomic Bomb survivors ), the effects of low-level radiation is very difficult to observe and is highly controversial.

* Old official website of Ministry for Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation ( link broken, observed November 15, 2009 )

* 1911: Atomic nucleus identified by Ernest Rutherford, based on scattering observed by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden.