[permalink] [id link]
Bézout's identity ( also called Bezout's lemma ) is a theorem in the elementary theory of numbers: let a and b be integers, not both zero, and let d be their greatest common divisor.
from
Wikipedia
Some Related Sentences
Bézout's and identity
As noted in the introduction, Bézout's identity works not only in the ring of integers, but also in any other principal ideal domain ( PID ).
Two ideals A and B in the commutative ring R are called coprime ( or comaximal ) if A + B = R. This generalizes Bézout's identity: with this definition, two principal ideals ( a ) and ( b ) in the ring of integers Z are coprime if and only if a and b are coprime.
Linear Diophantine equations take the form ax + by = c. If c is the greatest common divisor of a and b then this is Bézout's identity, and the equation has an infinite number of solutions.
Besides finding the greatest common divisor of integers a and b, as the Euclidean algorithm does, it also finds integers x and y ( one of which is typically negative ) that satisfy Bézout's identity
This repetition ends when b = 0, in which case the variables hold the solution to Bézout's identity: xA + yB
Bézout's and lemma
Bézout's lemma is true in any principal ideal domain, but there are integral domains in which it is not true.
Bézout's lemma is a consequence of the Euclidean division defining property, namely that the division by a nonzero integer b has a remainder strictly less than | b |.
A good stepping stone leads to many others, so some of the most powerful results in mathematics are known as lemmata, such as Bézout's lemma, Urysohn's lemma, Dehn's lemma, Euclid's lemma, Farkas ' lemma, Fatou's lemma, Gauss's lemma, Nakayama's lemma, Poincaré's lemma, Riesz's lemma, Schwarz's lemma, Itō's lemma and Zorn's lemma.
Given a, gcd ( a, n ) = 1, finding x satisfying ax ≡ 1 ( mod n ) is the same as solving ax + ny = 1, which can be done by Bézout's lemma.
Bézout's and is
Bézout's theorem is a statement in algebraic geometry concerning the number of common points, or intersection points, of two plane algebraic curves.
The most delicate part of Bézout's theorem and its generalization to the case of k algebraic hypersurfaces in k-dimensional projective space is the procedure of assigning the proper intersection multiplicities.
The intersection of two cubics, which is points ( by Bézout's theorem ), is special in that nine points in general position are contained in a unique cubic, while if they are contained in two cubics they in fact are contained in a pencil ( 1-parameter linear system ) of cubics, whose equations are the projective linear combinations of the equations for the two cubics.
The intersection number is partly motivated by the desire to define intersection to satisfy Bézout's theorem.
In algebra, the polynomial remainder theorem or little Bézout's theorem is an application of polynomial long division.
The degree of a hypersurface F = 0 is the same as the total degree of the homogeneous polynomial F defining it ( granted, in case F has repeated factors, that intersection theory is used to count intersections with multiplicity, as in Bézout's theorem ).
Bézout's and theorem
The statement of Bézout's theorem showed a number of aspects which were not directly accessible to the geometry of the time, to do with singular points and complex solutions.
The theorem was later published in 1779 in Étienne Bézout's Théorie générale des équations algébriques.
From the modern point of view, Bézout's treatment was rather heuristic, since he did not formulate the precise conditions for the theorem to hold.
:* Two circles never intersect in more than two points in the plane, while Bézout's theorem predicts four.
The properties of algebraic curves, such as Bézout's theorem, give rise to criteria for showing curves actually are transcendental.
It was noticed in the formulation of Bézout's theorem that such singular points must be counted with multiplicity ( 2 for a double point, 3 for a cusp ), in accounting for intersections of curves.
But by Bézout's theorem a cubic and a conic have at most 3 × 2 = 6 points in common, unless they have a common component.
0.091 seconds.