* 1963 – The regime of Prime Minister of Iraq, Brigadier General Abdul-Karim Qassem is overthrown by the Ba ' ath Party.

Although they presented a serious threat to the Iraqi Ba ' ath Party regime, Saddam Hussein managed to suppress the rebellions with massive and indiscriminate force and maintained power.

After the terrorist attacks by the group formed by the multi-millionaire Saudi Osama bin Laden on New York and Washington in the United States in 2001, American foreign policy began to call for the removal of the Ba ' ath government in Iraq.

Many foreign fighters and former Ba ' ath Party officials have also joined the insurgency, which is mainly aimed at attacking American forces and Iraqis who work with them.

Before the fall of Saddam Hussein in 2003, the Ba ' ath Party officially ruled.

* Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party ( Regional Command National Command )

Although government policies supporting large military and internal security forces and allocating resources to key supporters of the Ba ' ath Party government hurt the economy, implementation of the United Nations ' corruption-plagued oil-for-food program in December 1996 was to have improved conditions for the average Iraqi citizen.

During the regime of Saddam Hussein, the leader of the Ba ' ath Party had strong relations with Bachir, and Amine Gemayel ; relations grew even stronger when Iraqi officials verbally lashed out against Israel's actions in the 2006 War.

* 1968 – A revolution occurs in Iraq when Abdul Rahman Arif is overthrown and the Ba ' ath Party is installed as the governing power in Iraq with Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr as the new Iraqi President.

In addition to domestic parties, there are branches of pan-Arab secular parties ( Ba ' ath parties, socialist and communist parties ) that were active in the 1960s and throughout the period of civil war.

Syrian Ba ' ath Party and radical Palestinian factions were also present.

* 1966 – The Ba ' ath Party takes power in Syria.

* 1963 – The Ba ' ath Party comes to power in Syria in a coup d ' état by a clique of quasi-leftist Syrian Army officers calling themselves the National Council of the Revolutionary Command.

* The Arab Liberation Front ( ALF ) – Minor faction, aligned to the Iraqi Ba ' ath Party

Aflaq and al-Arsuzi were key figures in the establishment of the Arab Ba ’ ath ( Renaissance ) Party, and the former was for long its chief ideologist, combining elements of Marxist thought with a nationalism to a considerable extent reminiscent of nineteenth-century European romantic nationalism.

The current Syrian government is – and the former government of Iraq was – led by rival factions of the Ba ’ ath Party, which continues to espouse pan-Arabism and is organized in several other countries.

The Ba ' ath Arab nationalist party eventually ascended to power in the bloody coup d ' état of 1963.

Politics in the Syrian Arab Republic takes place in the framework of what is officially a semi-presidential republic, but what the CIA consider " a republic under an authoritarian regime " where the power is in the hands of the President of Syria and his family, all members of the ruling Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party which is a cell of the Syrian-led Ba ' ath Party ( established in 1966 when the original Ba ' ath Party was dissolved and split into two ).

Lucas Mangope, former chief of the Motsweda Ba hurutshe-Boo-Manyane tribe of the Tswana, ex-president of the former bantustan of Bophuthatswana, was the leader of the United Christian Democratic Party.

He was elected to the Regional Command, as the story goes, with help from Michel Aflaq -- the founder of Ba ' athist thought.

** Michel Aflaq, Syrian political theorist, founder of Ba ' athism ( d. 1989 )

Nasser later met with the opposition leaders, which included al-Hawrani, Bitar, and Ba ' ath founder Michel Aflaq, and in a heated conversation, exclaimed that he was the " elected " president of the UAR and those who did not accept his authority could " walk away.

The term " Arab socialism " was coined by Michel Aflaq, the principal founder of ba ' athism and the Ba ' ath Party, in order to distinguish his version of socialist ideology from the internationalist Marxist socialism in Eastern Europe and Eastern Asia, and the social democracy in Western Europe.

Personalities and groups associated with Arab nationalism include Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser, the Arab Nationalist Movement, Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, the Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party which came to power in Syria and Iraq for some years, and its founder Michel Aflaq.

Jamil al-Sayyid, a founder of the Arab nationalist Ba ' ath party, claims the nation is the group of people who speak Arabic, inhabit the Arab world, and who have a feeling of belonging to the same nation.

Michel Aflaq was a founder of the Ba ' ath party and prominent thinker in the organization

An example of this was Michel Aflaq, founder along with Salah al-Din al-Bitar and Zaki al-Arsuzi of the Ba ' ath Party in Syria in the 1940s.

In his student years, Al Rubaie was a protégé of the leading intellectual Shia theologian of his time, Grand Ayatollah Syed Mohammad Baqir Al Sadr, the founder of the Islamic Da ' awa party, which served as the main opposition to Saddam Hussain's repressive Ba ' ath regime.

Aflaq is today considered the founder of the Ba ' athist movement, or at least, its most notable contributor.

Michel Aflaq, the founder of Ba ' athist thought.

His ideas played a significant role in the development of Ba ' athism and its political movement ; he is considered by several Ba ' athists to be the principal founder of Ba ' athist thought.

* Duan Yongping 段永平-Famous entrepreneur and investor, founder of Subor ( Xiao Ba Wang ; Chinese: 小霸王, Pinyin: Xiǎo Bàwáng ) and BBK ( Bu Bu Gao ; Chinese: 步步高, Pinyin: Bù Bù Gāo ).

Salah Jadid, the Ba ' ath Party strongman at the time, opposed Aflaq's and al-Bitar's leadership of the party and, because of it, wanted al-Arsuzi to replace them as the original founder of Ba ' athist thought.

Whatever the case may be, al-Arsuzi was hailed by Hafiz al-Assad, the Ba ' athist leader of Syria, as the principal founder of Ba ' athist thought, following the 1966 Ba ' ath Party split.

The Iraqi branch, however, still proclaims Aflaq as the founder of Ba ' athism.

Even so, the majority of Ba ' athists still agree that Aflaq, not al-Arsuzi, was the principal founder of the Ba ' ath movement.

The ideological founder of Ba ' athism, Michel Aflaq, was himself a Christian.

Several close associates of Ba ' athism's key ideologist Michel Aflaq have admitted that Aflaq had been directly inspired by certain fascist and Nazi theorists.

Gamal Abdel Nasser with Ba ' ath Party founders Michel Aflaq ( left ) and Salah al-Din al-Bitar ( right ) in 1958 )

The Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party ( ) was a political party founded in Syria by Michel Aflaq, Salah al-Din al-Bitar and associates of Zaki al-Arsuzi.

The meeting did not go as al-Bakr planned, and Michel Aflaq, the Secretary General of the National Command ( the Ba ' ath Party leader ), suggested that the National Command should take over the Iraqi Ba ' ath Party cell in an unknown period of time.

Following the 1966 Syrian coup d ' état against the leadership of Michel Aflaq, the Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party split in two ; one Damascus-based ( Syrian-led ) Ba ' ath Party and one Baghdad-based ( Iraqi-led ) Ba ' ath Party.

The ideology is officially based on the theories of Zaki al-Arsuzi ( according to the Syrian-dominated Ba ' ath Party ), Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar.

The origins of Ba ' athism began with the political thought developed by Zaki al-Arsuzi and Michel Aflaq.

Jadid was originally a member of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party ( SSNP ), but later became a member of the Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party, led by Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar, in the 1950s through an associate of Akram al-Hawrani.

It was not a success and, on his return to Syria in November 1940, after a brief stay in Baghdad, al-Arsuzi established a new party, the Arab Ba ' ath ; by 1944, however, most of its members had left and joined Michel Aflaq's and Salah al-Din al-Bitar's Arab Ba ' ath Movement, which subscribed to a nearly identical doctrine.

Around the same time that al-Arsuzi founded the Arab Ba ' ath another group, led by Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Bitar, established the Arab Ihya Movement.

Salah ad-Din al-Bitar ()‎ ( 1912 – 21 July 1980 ) was a Syrian politician who, with Michel Aflaq, founded the Arab Ba ' th Party in the early 1940s.