Another ideology strongly influenced by fascism is Ba ' athism.

Ba ' athism is a revolutionary Arab nationalist ideology that seeks the unification of all claimed Arab lands into a single Arab state.

Zaki al-Arsuzi, one of the principal founders of Ba ' athism was strongly influenced by and supportive of fascism and Nazism.

Like fascist regimes, Ba ' athism became heavily militarized in power.

Events and political movements that contributed to Lebanon's violent implosion include, among others, the departure of European colonial powers, the emergence of Arab Nationalism, Arab Socialism in the context of the Cold War, the Arab-Israeli Conflict, Ba ' athism, the Iranian Revolution, Palestinian militants, Black September in Jordan, Islamic fundamentalism, and the Iran – Iraq War.

A leading member of the revolutionary Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party, and later, the Baghdad-based Ba ' ath Party and its regional organisation Ba ' ath Party – Iraq Region, which espoused ba ' athism, a mix of Arab nationalism and Arab socialism, Saddam played a key role in the 1968 coup, later referred to as the 17 July Revolution, that brought the party to long-term power of Iraq.

** Michel Aflaq, Syrian political theorist, founder of Ba ' athism ( d. 1989 )

The party espoused Ba ' athism, an ideology mixing Arab nationalist, pan-Arabism, Arab socialist and anti-imperialist interests.

Ba ' athism calls for the renaissance or resurrection and unification of the Arab world into a single state.

Aflaq is commonly considered to be the father of Ba ' athism.

Category: Ba ' athism

A leading member of the revolutionary Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party, and later, the Baghdad-based Ba ' ath Party and its regional organisation Ba ' ath Party – Iraq Region ( the Ba ' ath Party's Iraqi cell ), which espoused ba ' athism, a mix of Arab nationalism and Arab socialism.

# REDIRECT Ba ' athism

The term " Arab socialism " was coined by Michel Aflaq, the principal founder of ba ' athism and the Ba ' ath Party, in order to distinguish his version of socialist ideology from the internationalist Marxist socialism in Eastern Europe and Eastern Asia, and the social democracy in Western Europe.

* Ba ' athism

* Ba ' athism

# REDIRECT Ba ' athism

He became involved in Ba ' athism at a young age and organized against the government of Abdul Karim Qassim.

Those three stars represented the unity of three Arab countries, Egypt, Syria and Iraq as well as three pilars of Ba ' athism: unity, freedom and socialism.

Ba ' athist heads of state such as Syrian President Hafez al-Assad and Iraqi President Saddam Hussein created personality cults around themselves portraying themselves as the nationalist saviours of the Arab world.

* Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party ( Regional Command National Command )

Muslims had actually lived in the region for quite some time ; the famous Arab historian and geographer, Al-Masudi, reported Muslims amongst Africans in the land of Sofa in 947 ( modern day Mozambique, itself a derivative of the name of the Arab Shiekh who ruled the area at the time when the Portuguese arrived, Musa bin Ba ' ik ).

* The Arab Liberation Front ( ALF ) – Minor faction, aligned to the Iraqi Ba ' ath Party

* The Palestinian Arab Front ( PAF ) – minor pro-Fatah, former Iraqi Ba ' athists faction

Aflaq and al-Arsuzi were key figures in the establishment of the Arab Ba ’ ath ( Renaissance ) Party, and the former was for long its chief ideologist, combining elements of Marxist thought with a nationalism to a considerable extent reminiscent of nineteenth-century European romantic nationalism.

The Ba ' ath Arab nationalist party eventually ascended to power in the bloody coup d ' état of 1963.

Politics in the Syrian Arab Republic takes place in the framework of what is officially a semi-presidential republic, but what the CIA consider " a republic under an authoritarian regime " where the power is in the hands of the President of Syria and his family, all members of the ruling Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party which is a cell of the Syrian-led Ba ' ath Party ( established in 1966 when the original Ba ' ath Party was dissolved and split into two ).

The Ba ' ath Party is Syria's ruling party and the constitution states that " the Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party leads society and the state.

In 1963, the Military Committee of the Syrian Regional Command of the Arab Socialist Ba ' ath Party spent most of its time plannining to take power through a conventional military coup.

Socialism in Ba ' athist ideology does not mean state socialism or economic equality, but modernisation ; Ba ' athists believe that socialism is the only way to develop an Arab society which is truly free and united.

" Saddam Hussein was a Ba ' athist, and Ba ' athism is a movement which combines pan-Arab nationalism with secularism and Arab Socialism.

It suffered heavily under the repressive regimes of the Ba ' ath party and Saddam Hussein, but remained an important element of the Iraqi opposition, and was a vocal opponent of the United Nations sanctions imposed on Iraq after the Kuwait War of 1991.

The Ba ' ath Party was increasingly concerned about potential Shi ' a Islamist influence following the Iranian Revolution of 1979.

By daybreak of the morning of 3 February some 70 leading Ba ' athists had been killed and the Islamist insurgents and other opposition activists proclaimed Hama a " liberated city ", urging Syrians to rise up against the " infidel ".

Following Saddam's capture, the Ba ' athist movement largely faded ; its surviving factions were increasingly shifting to either nationalist factions ( Iraqi, though not Pan-Arab, such as the ideology of the pre-Ba ' athist regime ), or Islamist ( Sunni or Shia, depending on the actual faith of the individual, though Ba ' ath Party policy had been secular, and many of its members were atheist ).

Many former Ba ' athists had adopted an Islamist façade to attract more credibility within the country, and perhaps gain support from outside Iraq.

Armed Islamist, Ba ' athist and other groups, which have carried out a campaign of bombings and assassinations in Iraq since the beginning of the occupation in 2003 ( see Iraqi insurgency ), threatened to disrupt the elections by suicide bombing and other violent tactics.

Ba ' athist movements governed Iraq in 1963 and again from 1968 to 2003 and in Syria from 1963 to present.

A cabinet was created, composed of a broad spectrum of Iraqi political movements: this included two National Democratic Party representatives, one member of al-Istiqlal, one Ba ’ ath representative and one Marxist.

A significant conflict and turning point in the development of Ba ' athism occurred when Arsuzi's and Aflaq's movements sparred over the issue of the 1941 coup d ' etat by Rashid Ali al-Gaylani and the subsequent Anglo – Iraqi War.

When the two Ba ' ath movements merged and established the Arab Ba ' ath Party in 1947, the only subject discussed was how much socialism to include ; Wahib al-Ghanim and Jalal al-Sayyid from the al-Arsuzi led Ba ' ath movement wanted Aflaq and al-Bitar to adopt more radical socialist policies.

* Eight movements method ( Ba shi gong )

* Eight movements method ( Ba shi chui )

In 1947 the two movements merged, forming a single Arab Ba ' ath Party.

In September 1962 he joined the " secessionist " ( infisali ) cabinet formed by Khalid al-Azm, drawing strong criticism from the Ba ` th and Nasserist movements.