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Bacillus Calmette – Guérin ( or Bacille Calmette – Guérin, BCG ) is a vaccine against tuberculosis that is prepared from a strain of the attenuated ( weakened ) live bovine tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium bovis, that has lost its virulence in humans by being specially subcultured ( 230 passages ) in an artificial medium for 13 years, and also prepared from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Bacillus and Calmette
* Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin discovered how to culture the tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( so called BCG or Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ) at Institut Pasteur de Lille and developed in 1921 the first effective antituberculosis vaccine ;
# REDIRECT Bacillus Calmette – Guérin
# REDIRECT Bacillus Calmette – Guérin
# REDIRECT Bacillus Calmette – Guérin
# REDIRECT Bacillus Calmette – Guérin
Bacillus and –
With the introduction of every new insecticide class – cyclodienes, carbamates, formamidines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, even Bacillus thuringiensis – cases of resistance surfaced within two to 20 years.
One significant change in the production of nattō happened in the Taishō period ( 1912 – 1926 ), when researchers discovered a way to produce a nattō starter culture containing Bacillus natto without the need for straw.
Bacillus and Guérin
Among his many pupils who became famous, was Camille Guérin, co-discoverer of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ( BCG ).
Bacillus and BCG
* The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ( BCG ) immunization for tuberculosis is first developed.
* The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ( BCG ) immunization for tuberculosis is first developed.
( G ) Erythema and induration at the site of a previous vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ( BCG ).
The Iacocca Foundation helped raise the $ 11. 5 million dollars needed to support a Phase I human clinical trial at Massachusetts General Hospital to test whether vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin ( BCG ), a weakened strain of bacteria that is used in the prevention of tuberculosis and in the treatment of bladder tumors and bladder cancer, as a treatment for advanced type 1 diabetes.
He discovered the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, an attenuated form of Mycobacterium used in the BCG vaccine against tuberculosis.
* Fever associated with vaccination ( in the past, imperfectly manufactured vaccines, such as Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ( BCG ) and poliomyelitis, have caused the very disease they intended to fight )
Bacillus and is
Bacillus thuringiensis ( or Bt ) is a Gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, commonly used as a biological pesticide ; alternatively, the Cry toxin may be extracted and used as a pesticide.
' Bacillus anthracis ' is considered an effective agent for several reasons.
; Anthrax: Anthrax is a non-contagious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
For example, Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) is a soil bacterium that produces a protein with insecticidal qualities.
Bacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria and a member of the phylum Firmicutes.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is the source of a natural antibiotic protein barnase ( a ribonuclease ), alpha amylase used in starch hydrolysis, the protease subtilisin used with detergents, and the BamH1 restriction enzyme used in DNA research.
Bacillus subtilis is one of the best understood prokaryotes, in terms of molecular biology and cell biology.
Research on Bacillus subtilis has been at the forefront of bacterial molecular biology and cytology, and the organism is a model for differentiation, gene / protein regulation, and cell cycle events in bacteria.
An easy way to isolate Bacillus is by placing nonsterile soil in a test tube with water, shaking, placing in melted mannitol salt agar, and incubating at room temperature for at least a day.
The cell wall of Bacillus is a structure on the outside of the cell that forms the second barrier between the bacterium and the environment, and at the same time maintains the rod shape and withstands the pressure generated by the cell's turgor.
Like other genera associated with the early history of microbiology, such as Pseudomonas or Vibrio, members of the Bacillus genus ( 266 species ) are found ubiquitously, and it is one of the genera with the largest 16S diversity and environmental diversity.
However, the tree constructed by the living tree project, a collaboration between ARB-Silva and LPSN where a 16S ( and 23S if available ) tree of all validated species was constructed, the genus Bacillus contains a very large number of nested taxa and majorly in both 16S and 23S it is paraphyletic to Lactobacillales ( Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Listeria, etc.
Subtilisin which is produced by Bacillus subtilis is produced as preprosubtilisin, and is released only if the signal peptide is cleaved and autocatalytic proteolytic activation has occurred.
Bacillus cereus is an endemic, soil-dwelling, Gram-positive, rod-shaped, beta hemolytic bacterium.
Anthrax is an acute disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis.
α-amylase is secreted by various species of the bacterium Bacillus ; the enzyme is isolated from the liquid in which the bacteria are grown.
Certain strains of spore-producing bacteria ( such as Bacillus species ) and yeasts ( such as Cryptococcus flavescens ) show some promise for the control of FHB and the reduction of mycotoxin contamination, however there effectiveness at field level is not well known.
Bacillus and vaccine
* Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, a vaccine for tuberculosis
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine is said to prevent this kind of disease.
He was instrumental in the fight against tuberculosis in Canada and as one of the first researchers to confirm the safety and usefulness of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine.
Bacillus and against
It has been reported that exposure to corn pollen containing genes for Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) production may weaken the bees ' defense against Nosema .< ref name =" sciam ">
Studies on the minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC ) and minimum bactericidal concentration ( MBC ) of the extracts on the test organisms showed the lowest MIC and the MBC were demonstrated against Salmonella paratyphi, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi and the highest MIC and MBC were exhibited against Staphylococcus aureus.
* Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki, a strain of Bacillus thuringiensis controversial for its widespread use as an aerial spray against invasive gypsy moth populations.
Water extract of Jacaranda mimosifolia shows higher antimicrobial action against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli than gentamicin sulfate does.
A study performed at the University of Arizona in 1991 demonstrated that Salvia apiana has potential antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida brassicae.
The hole-plate diffusion method pointed at the strongest activity against Bacillus subtilis, Sarcina flava, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei.
Bacillus and tuberculosis
The Institute has contributed to genome-sequencing projects of the common yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae, an organism which was so important for Louis Pasteur's history ), completed in 1996, Bacillus subtilis completed in 1997, Mycobacterium tuberculosis completed in 1998.
NHEJ proteins have been identified in a number of bacteria, however, including Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Mycobacterium smegmatis.
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