However, the growing influence of Latin began to drive Basque out from the less mountainous portions of the region.

However, the Carlist Zouaves also wore a distinctive feature that differentiated them from existing zouave regiments elsewhere, in the form of a beret of Basque influence with a characteristic tassel.

However, the growing influence of Latin began to drive Basque out, with Basque still being spoken at the turn of the first millenium.

Basque cuisine has also been a great influence over the cuisine in the southwest of France.

Note that modern Basque has had lexical influence from Gascon in words like beira (" glass "), polit (" pretty ", Gascon polit / polida ) to mention but a few.

One way for the introduction of Gascon influence into Basque came about through language contact in bordering areas of the Northern Basque Country, acting as adstrate.

These provinces were all formed from the old Roman province of Novempopulana, later known as Vasconia ( because of the Basque influence ), and later as Gascony, from which they seceded over time.

Accordng to Acadian historian Maurice Basque, the story of Evangeline continues to influence historic accounts of the deportation, emphasising neutral Acadians and de-emphasising those who resisted the British Empire.

The territories under the influence of Basque culture, mainly the Basque Country and Navarre, usually follow Spanish naming customs.

Although close to Béarn, Basque influence and traditions are strong.

Musically, he has been influenced by the oppression that, in his opinion, Spain has over Basque Country and, although most of his lyrics are in Basque, his compositions are a melting pot of different cultures, with a big influence of Jamaican and electronic music ( especially drum and bass ), which he commonly mixes over Basque instruments.

They reached a huge degree of influence in Basque and Spanish punk, as other bands like La Polla Records, Cicatriz and Eskorbuto became famous in the 80's underground scene.

Considered the patriarch of Basque music, his music has had an influence on younger generations.

It has been opposed to the influence of trade unions who appealed to a working class ethos ( Socialist UGT and Anarchist CNT ), advocating instead a Basque nationalist outlook.

Since the 18th century, a new emergent class had an interest in weakening the powerful Basque nobles and their influence and commerce, including that extending throughout the world with the help of the Jesuit order.

Another important reason for the massive mobilisation of the Basque Provinces and Navarre for the Carlist cause was the tremendous influence of the Basque clergy in the society.

In its atmosphere, the Rapsodie reflects the profound influence of the Spanish musical heritage imparted to Ravel by his Basque mother.

* 1937 – Spanish Civil War: Guernica ( or Gernika in Basque ), Spain is bombed by German Luftwaffe.

Abbadie gave his domain the name Abbadia, which is the name still used in Basque.

* Baltic Sea is used in English ; in the Baltic languages Latvian ( Baltijas jūra ) and Lithuanian ( Baltijos jūra ); in Latin ( Mare Balticum ) and the Romance languages French ( Mer Baltique ), Italian ( Mar Baltico ), Portuguese ( Mar Báltico ), Romanian ( Marea Baltică ) and Spanish ( Mar Báltico ); in Greek ( Βαλτική Θάλασσα ); in Albanian ( Deti Balltik ); in the Slavic languages Polish ( Morze Bałtyckie or Bałtyk ), Czech ( Baltské moře or Balt ), Croatian ( Baltičko more ), Slovenian ( Baltsko morje ), Bulgarian ( Baltijsko More ( Балтийско море ), Kashubian ( Bôłt ), Macedonian ( Балтичко Море / Baltičko More ), Ukrainian ( Балтійське море (" Baltijs ' ke More "), Belarusian ( Балтыйскае мора (" Baltyjskaje Mora "), Russian ( Балтийское море (" Baltiyskoye Morye ") and Serbian ( Балтичко море / Baltičko more ); in the Hungarian language ( Balti-tenger ); and also in Basque ( Itsaso Baltikoa )

Basque ( endonym:, ) is the ancestral language of the Basque people, who inhabit the Basque Country, a region spanning an area in northeastern Spain and southwestern France.

In academic discussions of the distribution of Basque in Spain and France, it is customary to refer to three ancient provinces in France and four Spanish provinces.

The Basque Autonomous Community is an administrative entity within the binational ethnographic Basque Country incorporating the traditional Spanish provinces of Biscay, Gipuzkoa, and Álava, which retain their existence as politico-administrative divisions.

Euskara Batua was created so that Basque language could be used — and easily understood by all Basque speakers — in formal situations ( education, mass media, literature ), and this is its main use nowadays.

In most areas of the Basque Country, the educational Model D, where all subjects are taught in Basque, except " Spanish language and literature " ( which is taught in Spanish ) is now the predominant model.

In Basque, the name of the language is officially Euskara ( alongside various dialect forms ).

The term Vascuence, derived from Latin vasconĭce, has acquired negative connotations over the centuries and is not well liked amongst Basque speakers generally.

Its use is documented at least as far back as the 14th century when a law passed in Huesca in 1349 stated that Item nuyl corridor nonsia usado que faga mercadería ninguna que compre nin venda entre ningunas personas, faulando en algaravia nin en abraych nin en basquenç: et qui lo fara pague por coto XXX sol — essentially penalizing the use of Arabic, Hebrew or Vascuence ( Basque ) with a fine of 30 sols.

Though geographically surrounded by Indo-European Romance languages, Basque is classified as a language isolate.

Little is known of its origins but it is likely that an early form of the Basque language was present in Western Europe before the arrival of the Indo-European languages to the area.

Some authors even argue that the language moved westward during Late Antiquity, after the fall of Rome, into the north part of Hispania in which Basque is spoken today.

All hypotheses on the origin of Basque are controversial, and the suggested evidence is not generally accepted by most linguists.

* Georgian: Linking Basque to Kartvelian languages is now widely discredited.

* Dené – Caucasian superfamily: Based on the possible Caucasian link, some linguists, for example John Bengtson and Merritt Ruhlen, have proposed including Basque in the Dené – Caucasian superfamily of languages, but this proposed superfamily includes languages from North America and Eurasia, and its existence is highly controversial.

Although labeled from the beginning as a radical Basque rock, Kortatu tried to fight against any classification, even if political links with Herri Batasuna were evident.

Latin inscriptions in Aquitania preserve a number of words with cognates in reconstructed proto-Basque, for instance the personal names Nescato and Cison ( neskato and gizon mean " young girl " and " man " respectively in modern Basque ).

Through the long contact with Romance languages, Basque adopted a sizable number of Romance words.

This has been demonstrated by various Aquitanian names and words that were recorded by the Romans, and which are currently easily readable as Basque.

Old historical literature sometimes claims the Basques took control of the whole of Novempopulania in the Early Middle Ages, founding its claims on the testimony of Gregory of Tours, on the etymological link between the words " Basque " and " Gascon " – both derived from " Vascones " or " Wasconia ", the latter being used to name the whole of Novempopulania.

The Kerretes retained a language related to old Basque and Aquitanian, although some Iberian words may have entered the language, and Iberians probably occupied positions at the top of the Kerrete society.

Orthographies with a high grapheme-to-phoneme correspondence ( excluding exceptions due to loan words and assimilation ) include those of Finnish, Albanian, Georgian, Turkish ( apart from ğ and various palatal and vowel allophones ), Serbo-Croatian ( Serbian, Croatian and Bosnian ), Bulgarian, Macedonian ( if the apostrophe is counted, though slight inconsistencies may be found ), Eastern Armenian ( apart from o, v ), Basque ( apart from palatalized l, n ), Haitian Creole, Castilian Spanish ( apart from h, x, b / v, and sometimes k, c, g, j, z ), Czech ( apart from ě, ů, y, ý ), Polish ( apart from ó, h, rz ), Romanian ( apart from distinguishing semivowels from vowels ), Ukrainian ( mainly phonemic with some other historical / morphological rules, as well as palatalization ), Swahili ( missing aspirated consonants, which do not occur in all varieties and are sparsely used anyways ), Mongolian ( apart from letters representing multiple sounds depending on front or back vowels, the soft and hard sign, silent letters to indicate / ŋ / from / n / and voiced versus voiceless consonants ) Azerbaijani ( apart from k ), and Kazakh ( apart from и, у, х, щ, ю ).

The earliest records give the name as Onentzaro and the name is most likely composed of two elements, on " good " plus a genitive plural ending and the suffix-zaro which in Basque denotes a season ( compare words like haurtzaro " childhood "), so " time of the good ones " literally.

In his writings Abulafia uses Greek, Latin, Italian, Arabic, Tatar, and Basque words for purpose of gematria.

Zazpiak Bat is a motto attributed to Basque explorer Antoine-Thomson d ' Abbadie in the nineteenth century, from the Basque words zazpiak meaning ' the seven ' and bat meaning ' one ', translates as " the seven one " and refers to the seven Basque Country traditional provinces.

In the media, the words " son of a Basque sheepherder " often accompanied his name.

The meaning of this name is uncertain, although there are various theories: from the Mi ' kmaq word papôg ( meaning " calm waters "); a Basque name ; from the Spanish pavo ; a place in France, home of the first seignoral lord ; or from the French words pas beau ( meaning " beautiful passage ").

Offered them to form a part of Basque radical rock, something that would have opened all the doors and forgotten old moves but they refused and said: The rock has no country, not even the Basque, they then became cursed, they were censured in some stations and newspapers, and people became increasingly more reluctant to hire them to play in Euskadi, his exact words: We play more in the rest of Spain than in Euskadi, but they were never anti-Basques, they preferred to play on their land instead of having to travel to far away concerts, as Iosu said: we never play " A La Mierda El País Vasco " in Spain, there we prefers to play " Maldito País España ".

The words Pays Basque also appear on either side of the logo in green.

The second argument is based on the 12th century account, the Codex Calixtinus, of Aymeric Picaud, a French pilgrim, who recorded a number of Basque words and expressions, saying about Urtzi: et Deus uocant Urcia (" and they name God as Urcia ".

Esquivel was originally spelled Ezkibel and evolved from the Basque words Ezki, which means lime tree, and Gibel, which means behind.

It means Cold Mountain, from words in the Basque language, mendi ( mountain ) and ( h ) otz ( cold ) + definite article '- a ' ( Mendoza being mendi +( h ) otza ).