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Because single-step transition probability matrices are difficult to estimate from sparse sample data and are impractical in representing the complex spatial heterogeneity of states, the transiogram, which is defined as a transition probability function over the distance lag, is proposed as the accompanying spatial measure of Markov chain random fields.
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Because and transition
Because this layer is only a few molecules thick, at a macroscopic scale a clear phase transition interface can be seen.
Because of the interaction between an electron's spin and orbital angular momentum ( spin-orbit coupling ) and the concomitant energy level splitting for various shells in an atom, there are a variety of transition pathways for filling a core hole.
Because the coefficients of digital filters are definite, they can be used to achieve much more complex and selective designs – specifically with digital filters, one can achieve a lower passband ripple, faster transition, and higher stopband attenuation than is practical with analog filters.
Because of his discouragingly minor role in the band, and under the pressure of The Mundanes ' unsuccessful search for success, Linnell began recording music with John Flansburgh, though his family did not support the transition from what they considered to be a more professional band to an experimental one.
In the presence of the static, uniform external magnetic field, the Hamiltonian for the absorbing center takes the form Ĥ = Ĥ < sub > 0 </ sup > + Ĥ < sub > 1 </ sup > which is parallel to the direction of the propagation of the electric field k. Because the transition occur between the two eigenstates of Ĥ < sub > 0 </ sub >, a and j, the absorption and the CD intensity are determined as follows:
Because a deterministic TA is by definition one where no two transition rules have the same left-hand side.
Because energy is needed to overcome the molecular forces of attraction between water particles, the process of transition from a parcel of water to a parcel of vapor requires the input of energy causing a drop in temperature in its surroundings.
Because the light is detuned to the " red " ( i. e. at lower frequency ) of the transition, the atoms will absorb more photons if they move towards the light source, due to the Doppler effect.
Because of the uptake of alternative photographic materials, its complex processing requirements, and the widespread transition to digital photography, Kodachrome lost its market share, its manufacturing was discontinued in 2009 and its processing ended in 2010.
Because of the shrinking hardware business, suppliers began to make the challenging transition from a hardware-based business model to one based on software and value-added services.
Because of that amorphous materials have a characteristic threshold temperature termed glass transition temperature ( T < sub > g </ sub >): below T < sub > g </ sub > amorphous materials are glassy whereas above T < sub > g </ sub > they are molten.
( Because all of the indicated operations are performed in each transition, a tag machine strictly has only one state.
Because Czechoslovakia was more industrialized than the Soviet Union, it was in a position to furnish most of the equipment and fertilizer inputs needed to ease the transition to collectivized agriculture.
Because this energy is well-defined, an atom's identity can be found by the energy of this transition.
Because the transition occurs on the same road, the two areas and their " sub-areas " are closely linked.
Because of the rules of quantum mechanics, the transition state cannot be captured or directly observed ; the population at that point is zero.
Because there is a net gain or loss of energy during a transition, electromagnetic radiation of a particular frequency must be absorbed or emitted.
Because the rate is dependent on two molecules the reaction does not have any intermediate steps, only a transition state.
Because cultures at any given time vary along a continuum between full orality and full literacy, Ong distinguishes between primary oral cultures ( which have never known writing ), cultures with craft literacy ( such as scribes ), and cultures in a transition phase from orality to literacy, in which some people know of writing but are illiterate-these cultures have " residual orality ".
Because Old Frankish texts are almost non-existent and Old Dutch texts scarce and fragmentary, it is difficult to determine when the transition from Old Frankish to Old Dutch occurred, but it is thought to have happened by the end of the 9th century.
Because of potential interference from CFCF-DT in Montreal ( which moved its digital signal to channel 12 on the transition date ) and reception problems, CBVT-DT will move to channel 25 in December 2011.
Because of this, vimentin is often used as a marker of mesenchymally-derived cells or cells undergoing an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) during both normal development and metastatic progression.
Because of the extensive coal fields it tapped, the Reading would become one of the most profitable railroads in the U. S. It was also considered Moncure Robinson ’ s first mountain railroad without inclines -- a statement about the transition from the Canal Era of feeder coal roads to water transport / canals.
Because there are conservation laws, that have to be satisfied, the transition has to meet a series constraints.
Because the change in charge distribution makes the GTP substrate more like the products of the reaction, GDP and monophoshate, this, along with opening the molecule for nucleophilic attack, lowers the transition state energy barrier of the reaction and allows GTP to be hydrolyzed more readily.
Because and probability
Because of this, it would appear inevitable that an increasing percentage of strategic missiles will seek self-protection in mobility -- at least until missile defenses are perfected which have an exceedingly high kill probability.
Because of statistical probability and restrictions on the relative diameters of the individual tubes, one of the shells, and thus the whole MWNT, is usually a zero-gap metal.
Because selection is performed on the individual level, families with two or more affected children would have a higher probability of becoming included in the study.
Because both may be specified more or less arbitrarily, the wave function cannot maintain its former role of determining the probability density of finding the electron in a given state of motion.
Because the probability density now appears as the fourth component of a relativistic vector, and not a simple scalar as in the Schrödinger equation, it will be subject to the usual effects of the Lorentz transformations such as time dilation.
Because of these features, and the potential and high probability of security exploits on Network Enabled Embedded Devices ( NEEDs ), this technique has come to the attention of numerous hacker communities.
Because of the probability of the escalation of the conflict, Léopold III abdicated on July 16, 1951 in favour of his 20-year-old son Baudouin.
Because this has some fixed nonzero probability p of occurring, the E < sub > k </ sub > are independent, and the below sum diverges,
Because the probability shrinks exponentially, at 20 letters it already has only a chance of one in 26 < sup > 20 </ sup >
Because the spread is intended to create an equal number of wagers on either side, the implied probability is 50 % for both sides of the wager.
Because of the very small fusion reaction probability ( the fusion cross section is ~ 0. 3 – 0. 6 pb = ( 3 – 6 )× 10 < sup >− 41 </ sup > m < sup > 2 </ sup >) the experiment took 4 months and involved a beam dose of 4 × 10 < sup > 19 </ sup > calcium ions that had to be shot at the californium target to produce the first recorded event believed to be the synthesis of ununoctium.
Because the coin is assumed to be fair, the probability of success is.
Because recombination can occur with small probability at any location along chromosome, the frequency of recombination between two locations depends on their distance.
Because of the probability of wrecks around the islands, calls arose for the establishment of emergency depots for castaways in 1868.
Because task durations have been planned at the 50 % probability duration, there is pressure on the resources to complete critical chain tasks as quickly as possible, overcoming student's syndrome and Parkinson's Law.
Because random binary search trees are known to have logarithmic height with high probability, the same is true for treaps.
Because nodes are distributed uniformly at random along the identifier circle, the expected number of nodes falling within an interval of this length is 1, and with high probability, there are fewer than such nodes.
Because of his work on Let's Make a Deal, Hall's name is used in a probability puzzle known as " The Monty Hall Problem ," which examines the counter-intuitive effect of switching one's choice of doors, one of which hides a prize, if " Monty " reveals an unwanted item behind a door the player did not choose.
Because must be no less than the maximum of, the unconditional acceptance probability is higher the less that ratio varies, however to obtain acceptance probability 1,, which defeats the purpose of sampling.
Because of their backgrounds, quantitative analysts draw from three forms of mathematics: statistics and probability, calculus centered around partial differential equations, and econometrics.
Because the Bluetooth system hops over 79 channels, the probability of interfering with another Bluetooth system is less than 1. 5 %.
Because each rolled die is independent of all others, any combination of values is possible, but the " expected quantity " has a greater than 50 % chance of being correct, and the highest probability of being exactly correct.
Because f is a probability density function, it integrates to unity:
Because baseball shoes are spiked on the bottom, sliding with the spikes up increases the probability of injury to the defensive player covering the base.
3.132 seconds.