" Before the production of written languages, dance was one of the methods of passing these stories down from generation to generation.

Before Sapir it was generally considered impossible to apply the methods of historical linguistics to languages of indigenous peoples because they were believed to be more primitive than the Indo-European languages.

Before the invention of reliable electrical methods, hot tube and flame methods were used.

Before the advent of modern computers numerical methods often depended on hand interpolation in large printed tables.

Before, one of the best methods to stay warm during the tour was to wear newspapers underneath the clothes.

Before the advent of the starter motor, engines were started by various methods including wind-up springs, gun powder cylinders, and human-powered techniques such as a removable crank handle which engaged the front of the crankshaft, pulling on an airplane propeller, or pulling a cord that was wound around an open-face pulley.

Before the advent of the aforementioned software, many users had to rely on on-screen keyboards and alternative text input methods like Dasher.

Before considering the propagation of action potentials along axons and their termination at the synaptic knobs, it is helpful to consider the methods by which action potentials can be initiated at the axon hillock.

Before the key exchange system was cracked leading to even easier methods, cheaters repeated encrypted " monster killed " message packets, each an encrypted Blowfish block, to illegitimately gain experience points quickly.

Before 1982, the Japanese variety of these mushrooms could only be grown in traditional locations using ancient methods.

Before 2009 the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) had not validated any alternative methods for testing eye or skin irritation potential.

Before Kodachrome film was marketed, color photography had been achieved using additive methods and materials such as Autochrome and Dufaycolor, which were the first practical color processes.

Before birth, complex ultrasounds performed routinely during pregnancy may indicate the presence of cerebral abnormality, but this method of diagnosis should be complemented by other methods, such as genetic studies and NMR, and the examination is not recommended as part of routine ultrasound examinations, unless family medical history or other reasons for suspecting brain malformation are present.

Before February 2010, it was pointed out that the reliability of methods to asses the age of death for mummies in general was uncertain.

Before true-waterproof zippers were invented, other methods of keeping the suit waterproof at the entry point had to be devised, with the most common being a long rubber entry tunnel which would be flattened shut, then rolled together from the sides and finally folded and clamped with a metal clip.

Before the mid 19th century when cheap mild steel became available due to new methods of steelmaking, knives ( and other edged tools ) were made by welding a strip of steel on to the piece of iron that was to be formed into a knife, or sandwiching a strip of steel between two pieces of iron.

" Before the production of written languages, dance was one of the methods of passing these stories down from generation to generation.

" Before the production of written languages, dance was one of the methods of passing these stories down from generation to generation.

Before it lost its top in Hurricane Opal in October 1995, the Boogerman Pine was 63 m ( 207 ft ) tall as determined by Will Blozan and Robert Leverett using ground-based measurement methods.

Before him, these problems were solved using arithmetical methods.

Before numerical computing methods were readily available, acceleration was only attainable by differentiating cam lift profiles twice, once for velocity and again for acceleration.

Before leaving the Mirror Universe, Kirk gave an impassioned speech in which he told Mirror-Spock that the Empire could not survive through its current violent methods, that it was illogical, and Mirror-Spock was illogical for supporting the Empire.

Before the advent of coordinate-independent methods, it was necessary to work with vector fields using their components in coordinate charts.

Before merging them into a common profile it is well to remember that their separate careers were extraordinary.

Before being daughter, wife, or mother, before being cultured ( a word now bereft both socially and politically of the sheen you children of frontiersmen bestowed on it ), before being sorry for the poor, progressive about public health, and prettily if somewhat imprecisely humanitarian, indeed first and foremost, you were a lady.

Before that we lumber dealers were working almost single-handed on the problem ''.

Before WWII British ' social anthropology ' and American ' cultural anthropology ' were still distinct traditions.

Before this, many of its families were assigned to the old order Liliales: a very large order containing almost all monocots with colourful tepals and without starch in their endosperm.

Before that time, at the peak of the last ice age ( c. 16, 000 BC ) sea levels everywhere were 130 metres lower, and there were large well-watered coastal plains instead of much of the northern Aegean.

Before the 20th century, most manufactured products were made individually by hand.

Before the mention of Alemanni in the time of Caracalla, you would search in vain for Alemanni in the moderately detailed geography of southern Germany in Claudius Ptolemy, written in Greek in the mid-2nd century ; it is likely that at that time, the people who later used that name were known by other designations.

Before the early 20th century, treatments for infections were based primarily on medicinal folklore.

Before Caesar's time they had attached themselves to the Romans, and were honoured with the title of brothers and kinsmen of the Roman people.

Before the arrival of the British, Rajputs, Jats, the Kathats, Cheetas and Rawat Rajputs were land-holders, as well as cultivators.

Before the Second World War, air shows were associated with long distance air races, often lasting many days and covering thousands of miles.

Before the 19th century, tattoos and piercings were very common among the Aleut people, especially among women.

Before the invention of electronic amplifiers, mechanically coupled carbon microphones were also used as amplifiers in telephone repeaters for long distance service.

Before that time, all sacrifices were counted as sacrifice hits ( SH ), which included both sacrifice flies and bunts.

Before the adoption of carbon fibre composite, racquets were made of light metals such as aluminium.

Before that, and in some places thereafter, bikes were known primarily as velocipedes .< ref >

Before the mid-1960s, computers were extremely expensive and used only for special-purpose tasks.

Before this time bricks were generally made close to their point of intended use.

Before this discovery, it is widely believed that bricks appeared about 3000 years ago in the Western Zhou dynasty since the earliest bricks were found in Western Zhou ruins.

Before Broadway became one-way, the main bus routes along it were the New York City Omnibus Company's ( NYCO ) 6 ( Broadway below Times Square ), 7 ( Broadway and Columbus Avenue ), and 11 ( Ninth and Amsterdam Avenues ), and the Surface Transportation Corporation's M100 ( Kingsbridge ) and M104 ( Broadway Branch ).

Before the rise of the mendicant orders ( wandering friars ) in the thirteenth century, the daily services were usually contained in a number of large volumes.

Before the advent of printing, breviaries were written by hand and were often richly decorated with initials and miniature illustrations telling stories in the lives of Christ or the saints, or stories from the Bible.