Today the terms " Order of Saint Benedict " and " Benedictine Order " are also used frequently to refer to the total of the independent Benedictine abbeys, thereby giving the wrong impression of a " generalate " or " motherhouse " with jurisdiction over dependent communities.

The Rule of Saint Benedict is also used by a number of religious orders that began as reforms of the Benedictine tradition such as the Cistercians and Trappists although none of these groups are part of the Benedictine Confederation.

Benedict also made a cameo appearance in the 2010 film adaptation of The A-Team as Pensacola Prisoner Milt.

In 1998, Benedict learned that he also has another son, John Talbert ( born 1968 ), from an earlier relationship.

He was also the featured singer at the Concert of Hope immediately preceding Pope Benedict XVI's Mass at Yankee Stadium in April 2008.

Ruth Benedict made a distinction, relevant in this context, between " guilt " societies ( e. g., medieval Europe ) with an " internal reference standard ", and " shame " societies ( e. g., Japan, " bringing shame upon one's ancestors ") with an " external reference standard ", where people look to their peers for feedback on whether an action is " acceptable " or not ( also known as " group-think ").

* Henry IX and I ( 31 January 178813 July 1807 ), Henry Benedict Stuart, also known as the Cardinal King.

He also employed Benedict of Aniane ( the Second Benedict ), a Septimanian Visigoth and monastic founder, to help him reform the Frankish church.

Mead also had an exceptionally close relationship with Ruth Benedict, one of her instructors.

At the end of the conclave that elected Pope Benedict XVI, church bells were also rung to signal that a new pope had been chosen.

Although the description " servant of the servants of God " was also used by other Church leaders, including St. Augustine and St. Benedict, it was first used extensively as a papal title by Pope St. Gregory the Great, reportedly as a lesson in humility for Patriarch of Constantinople John the Faster, who had assumed the title " Ecumenical Patriarch ".

With the recent election of Benedict XVI in 2005, his personal coat of arms eliminated the papal tiara ; a mitre with three horizontal lines is used in its place, with the pallium, a papal symbol of authority more ancient than the tiara, the use of which is also granted to metropolitan archbishops as a sign of communion with the See of Rome, was added underneath of the shield.

He was visited once by Basil of Caesarea who took many of his ideas and implemented them in Caesarea, where Basil also made some adaptations that became the ascetic rule, or Ascetica, the rule still used today by the Eastern Orthodox Church, and comparable to that of the Rule of St. Benedict in the West.

" It also changes the date from the 11th to the 9th century, indicating that Joan reigned between Leo IV and Benedict III in the 850s.

Benedict XIV was also responsible, along with Cardinal Passionei, for beginning the catalogue of the Vatican Library.

This form of the Mass remained essentially unchanged for 400 years until Pope Paul VI's revision of the Roman Missal in 1969 – 70, after which it has become widely known as the Tridentine Mass ; use of the last pre-1969 edition of the Missal, that by Pope John XXIII in 1962, is permitted without limitation for private celebration of the Mass and, since July 2007, is allowed also, under certain conditions, for public use, as laid down in the motu proprio Summorum Pontificum of Pope Benedict XVI.

Papal finances were also improved through reviving the public lottery, which had been suppressed by the severe morality of Benedict XIII.

He was also the godfather of Pope Benedict IX, who was foisted on the papacy by his powerful family, the Theophylacti, counts of Tusculum, at the age of twenty.

Gregory was chosen at Rome in 1406 by a conclave consisting of only fifteen cardinals under the express condition that, should Antipope Benedict XIII ( 1394 – 1423 ), the rival papal claimant at Avignon, renounce all claim to the Papacy, he would also renounce his, so that a fresh election might be made and the Western Schism ( 1378 – 1417 ) could be ended.

Pope Pius X also undertook a revision of the Roman Missal, which was published and declared typical by his successor Pope Benedict XV on 25 July 1920.

Benedict held the post of President of the American Anthropological Association and was also a prominent member of the American Folklore Society.

* Critics of sedevacantism argue that this also means that the theory advanced by the seventeenth-century theologian and Doctor of the Church Robert Bellarmine that a pope who fell into heresy would automatically forfeit his office and could be formally deposed has been overruled by Church authority by Benedict XIV in " De Synodo Dioecesano " ( 10, 1, 5 ) and by the 1917 Code of Canon Law, Can.

Stephen died before being able to return to Rome, but Hildebrand was successful ; he was then instrumental in overcoming the crisis caused by the Roman aristocracy's election of an antipope, Benedict X, who, thanks also to Agnes's support, was replaced by the Bishop of Florence, Nicholas II.

Although Ruth Benedict ’ s fascination with death started at an early age, she continued to study how death affected people throughout her career.

When the American Revolutionary War started in 1775, Ethan Allen and a troop of his men, along with Connecticut Colonel Benedict Arnold, marched up to Lake Champlain and captured the strategically important military posts at Fort Ticonderoga, Crown Point, and Fort George, all in New York.

Henry II started his Italian campaign in the fall of 1013, defeated the allies of the Crescentians and had pope Benedict VIII crown him Holy Roman Emperor in Rome on 14 February 1014.

The Benedict Canyon Association ( BCA ), started in 1948, is an example of neighborhood activism.

His interest in poetry led him to form a close friendship with another Boasian anthropologist and poet, Ruth Benedict.

She developed a close friendship with Boas, who took on a role as a kind of father figure in her life – Benedict lovingly referred to him as " Papa Franz "

By this new Apostolic Letter, Pope Benedict XVI is merely extending such permission for wider pastoral application, but remains committed to “ the need to overcome past prejudices, misunderstandings, indifference and the language of contempt and hostility to continue the Jewish-Christian dialogue … to enrich and deepen the bonds of friendship which have developed .” ( Pope Benedict XVI, On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the promulgation of Nostra Aetate, October 27, 2005.

Cast member actor Paul Benedict who had developed a close friendship with Brown was invited to be one of the memorial speakers.

Though such works as Coming of Age in Samoa and The Chrysanthemum and the Sword remain popular with the American public, Mead and Benedict never had the impact on the discipline of anthropology that some expected.

He was one of the seven cardinals who, in May 1408, deserted Pope Gregory XII, and, with those following Antipope Benedict XIII from Avignon, convened the Council of Pisa, of which Cossa became the leader.

This is corroborated by Benedict of Peterborough's graphic account of Greece, as it was in 1191, where he states that many of the islands were uninhabited from fear of pirates and that Aegina, along with Salamis and Makronesos, were their strongholds.

To establish his authority, Gregory explains that his information came from what he considered the best sources: a handful of Benedict ’ s disciples who lived with the saint and witnessed his various miracles.

Romanus had discussed with Benedict the purpose which had brought him to Subiaco, and had given him the monk's habit.

In 1098, Saint Robert of Molesme had founded Cîteaux Abbey, near Dijon, with the purpose of restoring the Rule of St Benedict in all its rigour.

The pope chooses the image on the outside: under Pope Benedict XVI it is a modern depiction of the crucifixion of Jesus, with Mary and John to each side.

( with Benedict Wallet Vilakazi )

The present pope, Benedict XVI, has stated his wish to restore full unity with the Orthodox.

In 1986 Dirk Benedict starred as a low-life band manager " Harry Smilac " in the movie " Body Slam " along with Lou Albano, Roddy Piper, and cameo appearances by Freddie Blassie, Ric flair, and Bruno Sammartino.

* Dirk Benedict Blog-In Cahoots with Butch Cassidy & the Sundance Kid ( 2006 )

This often takes the form of a small crowned, wide brimmed hat called a galero with the colors and tassels denoting rank ; or, in the case of Papal arms until the inauguration of Pope Benedict XVI in 2005, an elaborate triple crown known as a tiara.

Benedict broke with tradition to substitute a mitre in his arms.

Pope Benedict XVI authorized publication of this document, indicating that he considers it consonant with the Church's teaching, though it is not an official expression of that teaching.

She studied with professor Franz Boas and Dr. Ruth Benedict at Columbia University before earning her Master's in 1924.

Before departing for Samoa, Mead had a short affair with the linguist Edward Sapir, a close friend of Ruth Benedict.

While Margaret Mead never openly identified herself as lesbian or bisexual, the details of her relationship with Benedict have led others to so identify her.

On May 3, 1952, U. S. Air Force Lieutenant Colonel Joseph O. Fletcher and Lieutenant William Pershing Benedict, along with scientist Albert P. Crary, landed a modified Douglas C-47 Skytrain at the North Pole.

The latter's nephew Pier Francesco, who had renounced to the succession in favour to his brother Domenico to became a Dominican, was later elected pope with the name of Benedict XIII.

Exceptions are bulls of canonization and decrees of ecumenical councils, which the Pope signs with the formula, " Ego N. Episcopus Ecclesiae catholicae ", without the numeral, as in " Ego Benedictus Episcopus Ecclesiae catholicae " ( I, Benedict, Bishop of the catholic / universal Church ).