In February 1918, Huelsenbeck gave his first Dada speech in Berlin, and produced a Dada manifesto later in the year.

" Ich bin ein Berliner " (, " I am a Berliner ") is a quotation from a June 26, 1963, speech by U. S. President John F. Kennedy in West Berlin.

Another notable ( and defiant ) phrase in the speech was also spoken in German, " Lass ' sie nach Berlin kommen " (" Let them come to Berlin ")-- addressed at those who claimed " we can work with the Communists ", a remark which Nikita Khrushchev scoffed at only days later.

Kennedy's speech marked the first instance where the U. S. acknowledged that East Berlin was part of the Soviet bloc along with the rest of East Germany.

" The phrases " I am a Berliner " and " I am proud to be in Berlin " were typed already a week before the speech on a list of expressions to be used, including a phonetic transcription of the German translation.

Additionally, Ted Sorensen claimed in his memoir Counselor: A Life at the Edge of History ( 2008 ) to have had a hand in the speech, and said he had incorrectly inserted the word ein, incorrectly taking responsibility for the " jelly doughnut misconception ", below, a claim apparently supported by Berlin mayor Willy Brandt but dismissed by later scholars since the final typed version, which does not contain the words, is the last one Sorensen could have worked on.

Kennedy delivering his speech in Berlin

Kennedy was accompanied not by Robert Lochner, but by Heinz Weber of the Berlin mission ; Weber translated the president's speech to the audience.

Only two weeks before Kennedy had spoken in more conciliatory tones, speaking of " improving relations with the Soviet Union ": in response to Kennedy's Berlin speech, Nikita Khrushchev, days later, remarked that " one would think that the speeches were made by two different Presidents.

* Text: Kennedy's Berlin speech text

* 1963 – U. S. President John F. Kennedy gave his " Ich bin ein Berliner " speech, underlining the support of the United States for democratic West Germany shortly after Soviet-supported East Germany erected the Berlin Wall.

* 1961 – In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes that any attack on Berlin is an attack on NATO.

After the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961, the steps of Rathaus Schöneberg were the location where U. S. President John F. Kennedy held his famous speech on 26 June 1963, proclaiming " Ich bin ein Berliner ".

** In a speech at the Berlin Sportpalast, German Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels declare a " Total War " against the Allies.

* June 26 – John F. Kennedy gives his ' Ich bin ein Berliner ' speech in West Berlin.

* July 25 – U. S. President John F. Kennedy gives a widely watched TV speech on the Berlin crisis, warning " we will not be driven out of Berlin.

He followed up on Göring's speech and stated that the action was not directed at the police and Reichswehr, but against "... the Berlin Jew government and the November criminals of 1918 ".

In 1987, US President Ronald Reagan gave a speech at Brandenburg Gate challenging Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev to " tear down this wall " that had separated Berlin.

Some condemned his music as " degenerate " ( largely on the basis of his early, sexually charged operas such as Sancta Susanna ), and in December 1934, during a speech at the Berlin Sports Palace, Germany ’ s Minister of Propaganda, Joseph Goebbels publicly denounced Hindemith as an " atonal noisemaker.

With the removal of the Berlin Wall, Churchill's granddaughter acquired a section of it to create a sculpture, entitled " Break Through ", to commemorate the Iron Curtain speech.

* Bill Clinton's Berlin is free speech

In a 2000 speech to the American Bar Association, the then party leader, Mary Harney, appeared to express a desire that Ireland become " closer to Boston than Berlin ", adopting US free-market models for economic development, health, education, and other services rather than European Continental models because she believed that the continental countries ( such as Germany and France ), while having more equality had bad economies and high unemployment.

* Horst Köhler's speech in Berlin upon his election as president ( MP3 )

The first major film festival was held in Venice in 1932 ; the other major and oldest film festivals of the world are: Cannes Film Festival ( 1946 ), Festival del film Locarno ( 1946 ), Karlovy Vary International Film Festival ( 1946 ), Edinburgh International Film Festival ( 1947 ), Melbourne International Film Festival ( 1951 ), Berlin International Film Festival ( 1951 ) and Toronto International Film Festival ( 1976 ).

In 1947, he returned to Europe as commander of USAF Europe, heading operations for the Berlin Airlift in 1948 in the face of a blockade by the Soviet Union and its satellite states that threatened to starve the civilian population of the Western occupation zones of Berlin.

Franz Kafka ( 1883-1924 ): " The Metamorphosis " ( 1915 ), The Trial ( 1925 ), The Castle ( 1926 ); Rainer Maria Rilke ( 1875-1926 ): The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge ( 1910 ); Alfred Döblin ( 1857-1957 ): Berlin Alexanderplatz ( 1929 ); Wyndham Lewis ( 1882-1957 ); Djuna Barnes ( 1892-1982 ): Nightwood ( 1936 ); Malcolm Lowry ( 1909-57 ): Under the Volcano ( 1947 ); Ernest Hemingway ; William Faulkner ; James Hanley ( 1897-1985 ); James Joyce ( 1882-1941 ): " The Nighttown " section of Ulysses ( 1922 ); Patrick White ( 1912-90 ); D. H. Lawrence ; Sheila Watson: Double Hook ; Elias Canetti: Auto de Fe ; Thomas Pynchon.

* Theodor Commichau und Arthur Luther und Maximilian Schick, SWA-Verlag, Leipzig und Berlin 1947

He claimed that Burchett had proposed a " special relationship " with the Soviets at their first meeting in Berlin in 1947.

In 1946, he was hired by the renowned Schlosspark-Theater in Berlin, but was fired by the manager in 1947 due to his unpredictable behavior.

Kl 1947, Berlin 1947 ) ( Trans: Theses on the enzymatic chemistry of Tumors, Proceedings of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin, mathematical-scientific ?, Berlin 1947 )

Foundation of the FDJ in Berlin, November 1947

" World conflicts made it impossible to hold to a strict five-year plan, but BWA has held 20 Congresses: London, 1905 ; Philadelphia, 1911 ; Stockholm, 1923 ; Toronto, 1928 ; Berlin, 1934 ; Atlanta, 1939 ; Copenhagen, 1947 ; Cleveland, 1950 ; London, 1955 ; Rio de Janeiro, 1960 ; Miami Beach, 1965 ; Tokyo, 1970 ; Stockholm, 1975 ; Toronto, 1980 ; Los Angeles, 1985 ; Seoul, 1990 ; Buenos Aires, 1995 ; Melbourne, 2000 ; Birmingham, England, 2005 ; and Honolulu, 2010.

The Allied Kommandatura that jointly ruled Berlin signed in April 1947.

At the time of Fallada's death in February 1947, he had recently completed Jeder stirbt für sich allein ( Every Man Dies Alone ), an anti-fascist novel based on the true story of a German couple, Otto and Elise Hampel, who were executed for producing and distributing anti-fascist material in Berlin during the war.

Following the end of the war in Europe in 1945, the Squadron spent four years with Transport Command flying Dakotas, first in India and then, after a disbandment between 20 December 1947 and 4 October 1948 ( when 238 Squadron was renumbered as No. 10 Squadron ), in Europe, taking part in the Berlin Airlift and disbanding on 20 February 1950.

He thereafter was the bureau chief in Rome for Time-Life International in 1947 then in Berlin in 1948.

At the end of the war, he was promoted to brigadier-general and was posted to Berlin to serve as chief of the Economics Division, Allied Control Council for Germany from 1945 to 1947.

His first fame came by winning the 800 m at the Military World Championships in Berlin in 1947.

In 1947, Anna Seghers returned to Germany, moved to West Berlin, and became a member of the SED in the zone occupied by the Soviets.

* 1947 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah, founding father of Pakistan, gives a speech to the Constituent Assembly, the contents and meaning of which remain contentious today.

However, his next films, The Great Dictator ( 1940 ), a parody on Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini that ended in a dramatic speech criticising the blind following patriotic nationalism, and Monsieur Verdoux ( 1947 ), which criticised war and capitalism, as well as his first European film A King in New York ( 1957 ), which ridiculed the U. S. House Un-American Activities Committee, were more clearly political and caused controversy.

In a June 5, 1947 speech, comporting with the Truman Doctrine, Marshall announced a comprehensive program of American assistance to all European countries wanting to participate, including the Soviet Union and those of Eastern Europe, called the Marshall Plan.

* 1947 – Marshall Plan: In a speech at Harvard University, United States Secretary of State George Marshall calls for economic aid to war-torn Europe.

In a 1947 speech to the United Nations, Soviet deputy foreign minister Andrei Vyshinsky said that the Marshall Plan violated the principles of the United Nations.

On June 5, 1947 in a speech at Harvard University, he outlined the American plan.

The act, still effective, was sponsored by Senator Robert Taft and Representative Fred A. Hartley, Jr. and became law by overcoming U. S. President Harry S. Truman's veto on June 23, 1947 ; labor leaders called it the " slave-labor bill " while President Truman argued that it was a " dangerous intrusion on free speech ," and that it would " conflict with important principles of our democratic society ," Nevertheless, Truman would subsequently use it twelve times during his presidency.

Acheson devised the policy and wrote Truman's 1947 request to Congress for aid to Greece and Turkey, a speech which stressed the dangers of totalitarianism rather than Soviet aggression and marked the fundamental change in American foreign policy that became known as the Truman Doctrine.

In 1947, Columbia Pictures offered Hellman a multi-year contract, which she refused because the contract included a loyalty clause that she viewed as an infringement on her rights of free speech and association.

In 1947, Veeck gave a speech in an Ohio town and afterward was asked a question regarding Jackie Robinson's chances of making it as a major leaguer, to which Veeck responded he did not believe Robinson would fare well.

It took 2 years ( 1945 to 1947 ) of death and disease, and fears that starving Germans might " go Communist " before U. S. Secretary of State James F. Byrnes made his Stuttgart speech.

In South Carolina, on April 16, 1947, he delivered a speech ( by journalist Herbert Bayard Swope ) saying, “ Let us not be deceived: we are today in the midst of a cold war .” Newspaper reporter-columnist Walter Lippmann gave the term wide currency, with the book The Cold War ; when asked in 1947 about the source of the term, he referred it to a French term from the 1930s, la guerre froide.

After graduation, Tolson and his wife moved to Marshall, Texas, where he taught speech and English at Wiley College ( 1924 – 1947 ).

In a 1947 speech to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People ( NAACP ), which marked the first time a sitting President had ever addressed the group, Truman said " Every man should have the right to a decent home, the right to an education, the right to adequate medical care, the right to a worthwhile job, the right to an equal share in the making of public decisions through the ballot, and the right to a fair trial in a fair court.

In 1947 he travelled to Hungary to give his inauguration speech at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, with the intent of contributing to the democratic development of Hungary.

Walking into the House of Commons to give the autumn 1947 Budget speech, he made an off-the-cuff remark to a journalist, telling him of some of the tax changes in the budget, which was printed in the early edition of the evening papers before he had completed his speech, and whilst the stock market was still open.

The Hatch Act was challenged in the Supreme Court in 1947 and 1974 as a violation of free speech.

The speech was made to the Indian Constituent Assembly, on the eve of India's Independence, towards midnight on 14 August 1947.

* Carter, George Calvin, " Passaconaway: The Greatest of the New England Indians " ( published transcript of 1947 speech ) ( Manchester, NH: Granite State Press, 1947 )

Edward Douglas John Hay, 13th Marquess of Tweeddale ( 6 August 1947 – 1 February 2005 ), a Scottish aristocrat best known for his speech in the House of Lords debate ( 1996 ) on the Bosnian civil war.

During the 1947 session of the Delta Council, Dean Acheson ( Under-Secretary of State in Truman's administration ) delivered a speech on campus that unveiled the Marshall Plan, detailing postwar relief for Europe.