In another instance, a government-produced Yiddish film called Seekers of Happiness told the story of a Jewish family that fled the Great Depression in the United States to make a new life for itself in Birobidzhan.

Settlers established a Yiddish newspaper, the Birobidzhaner Shtern ( Russian: Биробиджанер Штерн ; Yiddish:, " Star of Birobidzhan "); a theater troupe was created ; and streets being built in the new city were named after prominent Yiddish authors such as Sholom Aleichem and Y. L. Peretz.

* Official website of the new musical " Soviet Zion " set in Birobidzhan

Statue of settlers on the railway station in Birobidzhan.

The Communist regime in the USSR pursued what could be characterised as ambivalent policies towards Jews and Jewish culture, at times supporting their development as a national culture ( e. g., sponsoring significant Yiddish language scholarship and creating an autonomous Jewish territory in Birobidzhan ), at times pursuing antisemitic purges, such as that in the wake of the so-called Doctors ' plot.

In one instance, leaflets promoting Birobidzhan were dropped from an airplane over a Jewish neighborhood in Belarus.

The station is decorated with national Belarusian motives, which include the facing of rectangular pylons faced with pink marble from Birobidzhan on the exterior and with black davalu marble in the passageway to the platforms.

Its administrative center is the town of Birobidzhan.

The State Planning Committee considered the Birobidzhan national region as a separate economic unit.

Thus Birobidzhan was important for propaganda purposes as an argument against Zionism which was a rival ideology to Marxism among left-wing Jews.

Another important goal of the Birobidzhan project involved increasing settlement in the remote Soviet Far East, especially along the vulnerable border with China.

Momument of Jewish writer Sholem Aleichem in Birobidzhan.

For the period 1929 through 1939, this village was the center of Jewish settlement south of Birobidzhan.

The Birobidzhan experiment ground to a halt in the mid-1930s, during Stalin's first campaign of purges.

After the war ended in 1945 the idea of Birobidzhan as a potential home for Jewish refugees revived slightly.

A giant Menorah ( Temple ) | menorah dominating the main square in Birobidzhan.

Regardless of whether the purpose of the Doctors ' Plot was a party purge or deportation of Jews, efforts to relocate Jewish refugees to Birobidzhan ended with the Doctors ' plot, the establishment of Israel as a Jewish state, and Stalin's second wave of purges shortly before his death.

In addition to being a history of the creation of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, the film features scenes of contemporary Birobidzhan and interviews with Jewish residents.

The Birobidzhan Jewish National University works in cooperation with the local Jewish community of Birobidzhan.

Students study Hebrew and Yiddish at a Jewish school and at the Birobidzhan Jewish National University.

Birobidzhan has several state-run schools that teach Yiddish, a Yiddish school for religious instruction and a kindergarten.

Yiddish also is offered at Birobidzhan ’ s Pedagogical Institute, one of the few university-level Yiddish courses in the country.

The Zhelty Yar airport located in the center of the region connects Birobidzhan with Khabarovsk and outlying district centers.

There are also plans to establish international air service between Birobidzhan and Jiamusi in China.

But when a board of inquiry was called to look into the charges of cowardice made against him, the men who had seen Reno leave the battlefield and the officer who had heard Reno suggest that the wounded be left to be tortured by the Sioux, refused to say a harsh word against him.

To the south in Ifriqiya, the Fatimids had created an independent caliphate that threatened to attract the allegiance of the Muslim population, who had suffered under the harsh rule of Abdullah.

Dio says that she was " possessed of greater intelligence than often belongs to women ", that she was tall, had hair described as reddish-brown or tawny hanging below her waist, a harsh voice and a piercing glare, and habitually wore a large golden necklace ( perhaps a torc ), a many-coloured tunic, and a thick cloak fastened by a brooch.

The reform of harsh felony laws that had originated in Great Britain was deemed " one of the first fruits of liberty " after the United States became independent.

Once heavily pursuing modeling again, she received the harsh treatment she had been able to avoid last time.

By 1651 he had gathered other talented preachers around him and continued to roam the country despite a harsh reception from some listeners, who would whip and beat them to drive them away.

The Taino population of the island was rapidly decimated, owing to a combination of new infectious diseases, to which they had no immunity, and harsh treatment by Spanish overlords.

Late in the century there was a short Druze uprising over the extremely harsh government and high taxation rates, but there was far less of the violence that had scalded the area earlier in the century.

Throughout history, women have not had the freedom or independence to pursue homosexual relationships as men have, but neither have they met the harsh punishment in some societies as homosexual men.

The response arrived on 21 February, but the proposed terms were so harsh that even Lenin briefly thought that the Soviet government had no choice but to fight.

President Ortega's decision to support radical regimes such as Iran and Cuba, his harsh rhetoric against the United States and capitalism, and his use of government institutions to persecute political enemies and their businesses, has had a negative effect on perceptions of country risk, which by some accounts has quadrupled since he assumed office.

One of the new sultan's first measures was to abolish many of his father's harsh restrictions, which had caused thousands of Omanis to leave the country, and to offer amnesty to opponents of the previous régime, many of whom returned to Oman.

Torrijos ' regime was harsh and corrupt, and had to confront the mistrust of the people and guerrillas backing the populist Arnulfo Arias.

George Thompson, an English engineer who worked for the younger López ( he distinguished himself as a Paraguayan officer during the Paraguayan War, and later wrote a book about his experience ) had harsh words for his ex-employer and commander, calling him " a monster without parallel ".

While Eysenck's R-factor is easily identified as the classical " left-right " dimension, the T-factor ( representing a factor drawn at right angles to the R-factor ) is less intuitive ; high-scorers favored pacifism, racial equality, religious education, and restrictions on abortion, while low-scorers had attitudes more friendly to militarism, harsh punishment, easier divorce laws, and companionate marriage.

After a harsh defeat at the Battle of Agrigentum in 261 BC, the Carthaginian leadership resolved to avoid further direct land-based engagements with the powerful Roman legions, and concentrate on the sea where they believed Carthage's large navy had the advantage.

So furious were the Byzantine officials at this harsh rejection of the wishes of their emperor and patriarch that they threatened to roast Eugene, just as they had roasted Pope Martin I. Eugene was saved from the fate of his predecessor by the advance of the Muslims, who took Rhodes in 654 and defeated Constans himself in the naval battle of Phoenix ( 655 ).

This enabled the Moriori to preserve what limited resources they had in their harsh climate, avoiding waste through warfare.

Seduced by Ceauşescu's " Independent " foreign policy, Western leaders were slow to turn against a regime that, by the late 1970s, had become increasingly arbitrary, capricious and harsh.

Workers also had good reasons for discontent: overcrowded housing with often deplorable sanitary conditions, long hours at work ( on the eve of the war a 10-hour workday six days a week was the average and many were working 11 – 12 hours a day by 1916 ), constant risk of injury and death from very poor safety and sanitary conditions, harsh discipline ( not only rules and fines, but foremen ’ s fists ), and inadequate wages ( made worse after 1914 by steep war-time increases in the cost of living ).

The slaves had very harsh living conditions, and thousands perished working the fields.

After the harsh meeting with Bell and other church leaders, and near the end of Tyndale's time at Little Sodbury, John Foxe describes an argument with a " learned " but " blasphemous " clergyman, who had asserted to Tyndale that, " We had better be without God's laws than the Pope's.