Rabi chaired Columbia's physics department from 1945 to 1949, during which time it was home to two Nobel Laureates ( Rabi and Enrico Fermi ) and eleven future laureates, including seven faculty ( Polykarp Kusch, Willis Lamb, Maria Goeppert-Mayer, James Rainwater, Norman Ramsey, Charles Townes and Hideki Yukawa ), a research scientist ( Aage Bohr ), a visiting professor ( Hans Bethe ), a doctoral student ( Leon Lederman ) and an undergrad ( Leon Cooper ).

Yang has held visiting professorships at the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen, Denmark ; Rutgers University, New Jersey, U. S .; the State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA ; and the University of Tokyo, Japan.

Bohr worked at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton in early 1948, and later at Columbia University from January 1949 to August 1950.

Bohr soon thereafter went from Princeton to Columbia to see Fermi.

Bohr grabbed him by the shoulder and said: “ Young man, let me explain to you about something new and exciting in physics .” It was clear to a number of scientists at Columbia that they should try to detect the energy released in the nuclear fission of uranium from neutron bombardment.

While in Cutchogue on August 2, 1939, pipe-smoking Einstein was visited by fellow Jewish physicists from Hungary Leo Szilard ( who had produced a nuclear chain reaction in a laboratory at Columbia University ) and Eugene Wigner ( who both had been put up to it by Niels Bohr, and found his house after asking directions from a 7-year-old boy on the street ), and signed the famous July 16 Letter to President Roosevelt, alerting him to the new developments in nuclear physics and hinting that the Germans might be working on an atomic bomb, urging him to launch his own program.

Bohr soon thereafter went from Princeton to Columbia to see Fermi.

Moseley, after discussions with Bohr who was at the same lab ( and who had used Van den Broek's hypothesis in his Bohr model of the atom ), decided to test Van den Broek and Bohr's hypothesis directly, by seeing if spectral lines emitted from excited atoms fit the Bohr theory's demand that the frequency of the spectral lines be proportional to a measure of the square of Z.

However, the idea that electrons might revolve around a compact nucleus with definite angular momentum was convincingly argued at least 19 years earlier by Niels Bohr, and the Japanese physicist Hantaro Nagaoka published an orbit-based hypothesis for electronic behavior as early as 1904.

With de Broglie's suggestion of the existence of electron matter waves in 1924, and for a short time before the full 1926 Schrödinger equation treatment of hydrogen like atom, a Bohr electron " wavelength " could be seen to be a function of its momentum, and thus a Bohr orbiting electron was seen to orbit in a circle at a multiple of its half-wavelength ( this historically incorrect Bohr model is still occasionally taught to students ).

Bohr was born in Copenhagen in 1922, and grew up surrounded by physicists such as Wolfgang Pauli and Werner Heisenberg, who were working with his father at the Institute for Theoretical Physics ( now the Niels Bohr Institute ) at the University of Copenhagen.

In 1940, shortly after the German occupation of Denmark, Bohr began his physics degree at the University of Copenhagen.

Following graduation, he became an associate at the Niels Bohr Institute.

Bohr became a professor at the University of Copenhagen in 1956, and, following his father's death in 1962, succeeded him as director of the Niels Bohr Institute, a position he held until 1970.

Werner Heisenberg had been an assistant to Niels Bohr at his institute in Copenhagen during part of the 1920s, when they helped originate quantum mechanical theory.

On the other hand, Bohr and Heisenberg were not in complete agreement, and they held different views at different times.

Although Bohr, Fowler, Pauli, and other physicists agreed with Chandrasekhar's analysis, at the time, owing to Eddington's status, they were unwilling to publicly support Chandrasekhar .< sup >, pp. 110 – 111 </ sup > Through the rest of his life, Eddington held to his position in his writings, including his work on his fundamental theory.

Dutch physicists Hendrik B. G. Casimir and Dirk Polder at Philips Research Labs proposed the existence of a force between two polarizable atoms and between such an atom and a conducting plate in 1947, and, after a conversation with Niels Bohr who suggested it had something to do with zero-point energy, Casimir alone formulated the theory predicting a force between neutral conducting plates in 1948 ; the former is called the Casimir-Polder force while the latter is the Casimir effect in the narrow sense.

Meitner's and Frisch's interpretation of the work of Hahn and Strassmann crossed the Atlantic Ocean with Niels Bohr, who was to lecture at Princeton University.

In that period, Niels Bohr was on a lecture engagement at the Princeton University and I remember one afternoon Willis Lamb came back very excited and said that Bohr had leaked out great news.

The Bohr model for a short time could be seen as a classical model with an additional constraint provided by the ' wavelength ' argument.

During this time, Aage Bohr travelled with his father, acting as his assistant and secretary.

From 1959 to 1969, he was employed at Regnecentralen, the Danish computing institute, while at the same time giving lectures at the Niels Bohr Institute and the Technical University of Denmark.

At first, some in the scientific community called him an " eccentric dabbler ," but soon his laboratory became the meeting place for some of the most accomplished scientists of the time, such as Albert Einstein, Werner Heisenberg, Niels Bohr, James Franck, and Enrico Fermi.

On the question as to whether creativity in the domain of science has ever been influenced by art, Arthur I. Miller, author of Einstein, Picasso: Space, Time and the Beauty that Causes Havoc ( 2002 ), answers: " Cubism directly helped Niels Bohr discover the principle of complementarity in quantum theory, which says that something can be a particle and a wave at the same time, but it will always be measured to be either one or the other.

At the same time, hypocapnia causes a higher affinity of oxygen to haemoglobin, known as the Bohr effect, further reducing the amount of oxygen that is made available to the brain.

During his studentship, he split his time working at Cambridge and with Niels Bohr in Copenhagen.

If the number of atoms making up the meter prototype remains unchanged ( as it should for a stable prototype ), then a perceived change in the value of c would be the consequence of the more fundamental change in the dimensionless ratio of the Planck length to the sizes of atoms or to the Bohr radius or, alternatively, as the dimensionless ratio of the Planck time to the period of a particular caesium-133 radiation or both.

However, at the time Moseley derived his laws, neither he nor Bohr could account for their form.

At the time Moseley was puzzling over his Z-1 term with Bohr, Bohr thought that the inner shell of electrons in elements might contain at least 4 and often 6 electrons.

At the time quantum mechanics was developed in the 1920s, the momentum operator was found by many theoretical physisists, including Niels Bohr, Arnold Sommerfeld, Erwin Schrödinger, and Eugene Wigner.

) Bohr published a prediction of the electronic configuration of element 72 in 1923. von Hevesy had been working with Bohr at the time.

While in the US, Bohr married Marietta Soffer ; the couple had three children, Vilhelm, Tomas and Margrethe.

Bohr had also inspired Moseley's work.

The Soviet scientists had suggested this name be given to element 105 ( which was finally called dubnium ) and the German team wished to recognise both Bohr and the fact that the Dubna team had been the first to propose the cold fusion reaction.

In the early work of Max Planck, Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr, the existence of energy in discrete quantities had been postulated, in order to explain phenomena, such as the spectrum of black-body radiation, the photoelectric effect, and the stability and spectrum of atoms such as hydrogen, that had eluded explanation by, and even appeared to be in contradiction with, classical physics.

However, one of the main scientists associated with the Copenhagen interpretation, Niels Bohr, never had in mind the observer-induced collapse of the wave function, so that Schrödinger's Cat did not pose any riddle to him.

He also met John C. Slater, who had worked with Niels Bohr.

The Institute was founded in 1921, as the Institute for Theoretical Physics of the University of Copenhagen, by the Danish theoretical physicist Niels Bohr, who had been on the staff of the University of Copenhagen since 1914, and who had been lobbying for its creation since his appointment as professor in 1916.

The principle was formulated by Niels Bohr in 1920, though he had previously made use of it as early as 1913 in developing his model of the atom.

Physicists had no convincing theory to explain this until Bohr and complementarity came along.

Niels Bohr ( 1885 – 1962 ), the Danish physicist and one of the principle founders of quantum mechanics, had indeed hung in his office a large painting by Jean Metzinger, La Femme au Cheval ( Woman with a horse, The Rider ) 1911-12 ( now in the Statens Museum for Kunst, National Gallery of Denmark ).

In 1950 – 51, James Rainwater and Aage Bohr had developed models of the atomic nucleus which began to take into account the behaviour of the individual nucleons.

This brought Slater's observation concerning the mechanical properties of ionic crystals into line with the theory that Bohr had based on the spectroscopy of gaseous elements.