Under the Hallstein Doctrine, the FRG did not have any diplomatic relations with countries in Eastern Europe until the early 1970s, when Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik led to increased dialogue and treaties like the Treaty of Warsaw, where West Germany accepted the Oder-Neisse line as German-Polish border, and the Basic Treaty, where West and East Germany accepted each other as sovereign entities.

However, Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik was a key factor in the détente of the 1970s.

Although anxious to relieve serious hardships for divided families and to reduce friction, Brandt's Ostpolitik was intent on holding to its concept of " two German states in one German nation.

In the SPD-FDP coalition, he helped shape Brandt's policy of deescalation with the communist East, commonly known as Ostpolitik, which was continued under Helmut Schmidt after Brandt's resignation in 1974.

Brandt's most important legacy was Ostpolitik, a policy aimed at improving relations with East Germany ( then German Democratic Republic ), Poland, and the Soviet Union.

In West Germany, Brandt's Neue Ostpolitik was extremely controversial, dividing the populace into two camps: one camp, embracing all of the conservative parties and most notably the victims i. e. those German-speaking, West German residents and their subsequent families who were driven west (" die Heimatvertriebenen ") by Stalinist ethnic cleansing from Historical Eastern Germany, especially the part that was arbitrarily given to Poland by the Stalinists ; western Czechoslovakia ( the Sudetenland ); and the rest of Eastern Europe, such as in Romania.

A different camp supported and encouraged Brandt's Neue Ostpolitik as aiming at " Wandel durch Annäherung " (" change through rapprochement "), encouraging change through a policy of engagement with the ( communist ) Eastern Bloc, rather than trying to isolate those countries diplomatically and commercially.

However, Brandt's Neue Ostpolitik lost him a large part of the German refugee voters from East Germany, who had been significantly pro-SPD in the postwar years.

Brandt's Ostpolitik led to a meltdown of the narrow majority Brandt's coalition enjoyed in the Bundestag.

Brandt's new Ostpolitik was a policy of negotiating with the GDR government in order to improve the situation of Germans in GDR and involved supporting visits from one part of Germany to the other.

Though anxious to relieve serious hardships for divided families and to reduce friction, West Germany under Brandt's Ostpolitik was intent on holding to its concept of " two German states in one German nation.

After the SPD was able to form a government without the conservatives, in 1969, Strauss became one of the most vocal critics of Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik.

Eva Köhler was a member of the Social Democratic Party ( SPD ) from 1972 to 1990 ( as she advocated Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik ) and participated in local politics.

The introduction of West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik (" Eastern Policy ") at the end of the 1960s reduced tensions between the two German states.

The Social-liberal coalition of SPD and FDP had lost its majority after several Bundestag MPs ( like former FDP ministers Erich Mende and Heinz Starke or SPD partisan Herbert Hupka ) had left their party and become members of the CDU / CSU opposition to protest against Chancellor Willy Brandt's Neue Ostpolitik, especially against the de facto recognition of the Oder-Neisse line by the 1970 Treaty of Warsaw.

While the plan was denounced as radical at the time, it helped pave the way for Brandt's Ostpolitik, as well as indirectly influencing some developments within the European Union, such as a European common security policy ) and the eventual reunification of Germany.

From 1974 until 1992-with a short pause in 1982-Hans-Dietrich Genscher served as Foreign Minister continuing Brandt's Ostpolitik and playing a vital role in the preparation of German reunification.

It is an important breeding site for Northern Elephant Seals and the endangered Steller's Sea Lion, as well as several species of seabirds, including Rhinoceros Auklets, Brandt's Cormorants and Western Gulls.

The " Willy-Wahl ", Brandt's landslide win in following elections was as well based on most German views that Brandt's Ostpolitik-symbolized by the Kniefall-as well as his reformist domestic policies was helping Germany to gain international reputation and was to be supported.

The spirit of reformist optimism was cut short by the 1973 oil crisis and the major public services strike 1974, which gave Germany's trade unions, led by Heinz Kluncker, a big wage increase but reduced Brandt's financial leeway for further reforms.

According to Helmut Schmidt, Willy Brandt's domestic reform programme had accomplished more than any previous programme for a comparable period.

It came to be used in the debate of the NATO countries in response to Willy Brandt's attempts to normalize relations with East Germany, and the following widespread scepticism in Germany against NATO's Dual-Track Decision.

Brandt's supporters claim that the policy did help to break down the Eastern Bloc's " siege mentality ", and also helped to increase its awareness of the contradictions in its brand of Socialism / Communism, which – together with other events – eventually led to the downfall of Eastern European Communism and Stalinism.

On 23 February 1972, SPD deputy Herbert Hupka, who was also leader of the Bund der Vertriebenen, joined the CDU in disagreement with Brandt's reconciliatory efforts towards the east.

Many of Brandt's reforms met with resistance from state governments ( dominated by CDU / CSU ).

This movie deals with the Guillaume affair and Willy Brandt's resignation from the Chancellorship.

The Christian Democrats under Konrad Adenauer and his successors tried to combat the Communist regime of East Germany, while Brandt's Social Democrats tried to achieve a certain degree of cooperation with East Germany.

Brandt's successor Helmut Schmidt with East German party leader Erich Honecker, Döllnsee 1981.

They also criticized flaws like the unintentional publishing of the Bahr-Papier, a paper in which Brandt's right hand Egon Bahr had agreed with Soviet diplomat Valentin Falin on essential issues.

This situation came to a head with the Oberlin-Wellington Rescue, a pivotal event described in Nat Brandt's book The Town That Started the Civil War.

Image: Brandt's Cormorant chick. jpg | A Brandt's Cormorant fledgling with a green field-readable J75

Brandt's 19th century manor house in Orońsko together with surrounding park serves today as the Centre of Polish Sculpture.

Even as late as 1966 Bill Brandt's MoMA show was unframed, with simple prints pasted to thin plywood.

Along with Mike Commodore, he played a role in Paul Brandt's music video, " Convoy ", as a truck driver.

Brandt's contributions to world peace led to his nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1971.

The resulting scandal, the Guillaume Affair, led to Brandt's resigning the chancellorship.

The Socialist party was created under the umbrella of Willy Brandt's SPD in Bad Münstereifel, Germany, on 19 April 1973.

Konrad, who became after the war a deputy of the Bundestag from 1969 to 1980 as a member of Willy Brandt's SPD, had already been indicted by the Italian justice in 1967 and 1972, but the complaints had been classified

Brandt's predecessor as Chancellor, Kurt Georg Kiesinger, had been a member of the Nazi party, and was a more old-fashioned conservative-liberal intellectual.

In 1972, Chancellor Willy Brandt's coalition had lost its majority in the Bundestag, so that the opposition CDU / CSU tried to do a constructive vote of no confidence, thus electing Rainer Barzel as new chancellor.

Major Loop institutions include: the Community Music School, owned by Washington University in St. Louis ; the Craft Alliance, noted for its pottery studios and classes ; the Riverfront Times ; Vintage Vinyl ; The Pageant Concert Nightclub ; Tivoli Theater ; Cicero's Italian Restaurant & Entertainment Venue ; Fitz's Restaurant and Bottling Company ; Star Clipper, the Eisner Award-winning comic book store ; Brandt's Cafe and Red Carpet Lounge ; Headz n Threadz clothing shop ; the Melting Pot fondue restaurant ; and Blueberry Hill, a pub and restaurant that served as the engine for the revival of the Loop beginning in the 1970s.