During the classical era of Buddhist philosophy in India, philosophers such as Dharmakirti argue for a dualism between states of consciousness and Buddhist atoms ( the basic building blocks that make up reality ), according to " the standard interpretation " of Dharmakirti's Buddhist metaphysics.

In Indian philosophy, Kanada was the first to systematically develop a theory of atomism during the 6th century BCE, and it was further elaborated on by the Buddhist atomists Dharmakirti and Dignāga during the 1st millennium CE.

But it was with Dignaga ( c 480-540 CE ), who developed a formal syllogistic, and his successor Dharmakirti that Buddhist logic reached its height.

A notable Srivijayan revered Buddhist scholar is Dharmakirti that taught Buddhist philosophy in Srivijaya and Nalanda, he was the teacher of Atisha.

In particular, he was not a contemporary of the great Indian Buddhist philosopher, Dharmakirti.

Dharmakirti himself was a lay Buddhist, not a devout monk, and his personal tone sounds like secular ambition rather than a quest for salvation.

A notable Srivijayan revered Buddhist scholar is Dharmakirti that taught Buddhist philosophy in Srivijaya and Nalanda, he was the teacher of Atisha.

The texts include his commentaries on the Mulamadhyamakakarika or Fundamental Stanzas on Wisdom by Nagarjuna ; the Introduction to the Middle Way ( Sanskrit: Madhyamakāvatāra ) of Chandrakirti ; the Quintessence of all Courses of Ultimate Wisdom ( Jnanasarasamuccaya ) of Aryadeva ; commentaries on the major works of the Indian Buddhist logicians Dharmakirti and Dignaga ; commentaries on the Five Treatises of Maitreya most notably, the Abhisamayalamkara ; commentaries on several works of Vasubandhu including the Abhidharmakosha.

#* Understanding the Mind – a commentary and detailed explanation of the mind based on the works of the Buddhist scholars Dharmakirti and Dignaga

According to Padmanabh Jaini, his emphasis on reaping the fruits only of one ’ s own karma was not restricted to the Jainas ; both Hindus and Buddhist writers have produced doctrinal materials stressing the same point.

Some lay practitioners in the West these days use the word " Sangha " as a collective term for all Buddhists, but the Pali Canon uses the word parisā ( Sanskrit, parisad ) for the larger Buddhist community — the monks, nuns, lay men, and lay women who have taken the Three Refuges — reserving ‘ Sangha ’ for a more restricted use .”

The Sangha also fulfils the function of preserving the Buddha ’ s original teachings and of providing spiritual support for the Buddhist lay-community.

That work is also found in the Buddhist Canon as a separate treatise with the longer title of " Great Master Bodhidharma ’ s Outline For Discerning the Mahayana and Entering the Way By Four Practices and Contemplation " ( 菩提達磨大師略辨大乘入道四行觀 ) Vol.

He feels he understands the Hindu concept of Satchitananda, as well as the Zen koan that ‘ the dharma body of the Buddha is in the hedge ’ and Buddhist suchness.

* Moreman, Christopher M. " A Modern Meditation on Death: Identifying Buddhist Teachings in George A. Romero ’ s Night of the Living Dead ," Contemporary Buddhism 9 ( No. 2, 2008 ): pp. 151 – 165.

And this is why in Buddhist prayers you will always read: ideally may we get out of this place, but if we can ’ t do it within this life, may we be reborn in the human realm, not the others.

* The Buddhist ruler of Butuan in the Philippines ( P ’ u-tuan in the Sung Dynasty records ), Sari Bata Shaja, makes the first tributary mission to China.

Butterfly tells Pinkerton that yesterday, in secret and without telling her uncle, who is a Buddhist priest, the Bonze, she went to the Consulate, where she abandoned her ancestral religion and converted to Pinkerton ’ s religion.

I ’ m not a New Age person but I do believe in meditation, and for that reason I ’ ve always liked the Buddhist religion.

When I ’ ve been to Japan I ’ ve been to Buddhist temples and meditated and I found that rewarding.

In a country where surveys of the religious composition estimated the Buddhist majority to be between 70 and 90 percent, Diệm ’ s policies generated claims of religious bias.

The regime's relations with the United States worsened during 1963, as discontent among South Vietnam ’ s Buddhist majority was simultaneously heightened.

The turning point came in June when a Buddhist monk, Quảng Đức, set himself on fire in the middle of a busy Saigon intersection in protest of Diệm ’ s policies ; photos of this event were disseminated around the world, and for many people these pictures came to represent the failure of Diệm's government.

During this time, Diệm's sister-in-law, Madame Nhu, a Catholic convert and former Buddhist, the de facto first lady because of Diệm ’ s unmarried status, inflamed the situation by mockingly applauding the suicides, referring to them as “ barbecues ”, stating, “ If the Buddhists want to have another barbecue, I will be glad to supply the gasoline .” The pagoda raids stoked widespread public disquiet in Saigon.

The decision to agree to celebrate the Vesākha as the Buddha ’ s birthday was formalized at the first Conference of the World Fellowship of Buddhists held in Sri Lanka in 1950, although festivals at this time in the Buddhist world are a centuries-old tradition.

Mr. Moto ’ s religion is never stated ; but in Thank You, Mr. Moto, when his friend Prince Chung ( played by Phillip Ahn ) has died, it becomes clear Mr. Moto is a devout Buddhist, as he chants expertly before the statue of the Buddha while holding the prince in his arms.

With this idea in mind, Merton ’ s later writings about Zen may be understood to be coming more and more from within an evolving and broadening tradition of Zen which is not particularly Buddhist but informed by Merton ’ s monastic training within the Christian tradition.

Atiśa's response to his parents ’ proposal as documented in Buddhist biographical texts evidences the level of commitment the young prince had for religious pursuit and enlightenment.

Buddhist monk Geshe Konchog Wangdu reads Mahayana sutra s from an old woodblock copy of the Tibetan Kanjur

Buddhist monk s in the Theravada Buddhism | Theravada tradition typically wear saffron ( color ) | saffron robes, although occasionally maroon, the colour normally worn by Vajrayana Buddhist monks, is worn.

In Tibet, many Buddhist s carve mantras into rocks as a form of meditation.

Olcott ’ s Catechism reflects a new, Protestant Christian interpretation of traditional Buddhist tenets.

Sri Lanka was dominated by British colonial power and influence at the time, and many Buddhists heard Olcott ’ s interpretation of the Buddha's message as socially motivating and supportive of efforts to overturn colonialist efforts to ignore Buddhism and Buddhist tradition.

The narrator singles out " Buddist priests "-a people synonymous with peace and goodwill-to be " the worst of all " and comments on how he would gladly " drive a bayonet into a Buddhist priest ’ s guts ".

Some Buddhist villages converted en masse in order to receive aid or avoid being forcibly resettled by Diệm ’ s regime.

Despite the fact that Phimai has been built in a similar fashion to Angkor and other Khmer Buddhist temples, some religious structures located within Phimai ’ s walls are still being debated about its original religion.

In Buddhist literature the Sanskrit term cakra ( Pali cakka ) is used in a different sense of " circle ," referring to a Buddhist conception of the Cycle of Rebirth consisting of six states in which beings may be reborn.

In the essay titled " The God Conception of Buddhism " he attempts to explain how a Buddhist looks at the ultimate without an anthropomorphic God figure while still being able to relate to the term God in a Buddhist sense:

The earliest reference to Buddhist views on religious pluralism in a political sense is found in the Edicts of Emperor Ashoka:

There is a general sense in which any Tibetan Buddhist teacher is called a lama.

In a similar sense the Hindu concept of Moksha and the Buddhist concept of Nirvana may be thought of as a kind of utopia.

** The Buddhist areas of Bhutan, Cambodia, Laos, Mongolia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand are identified as separate from other civilizations, but Huntington believes that they do not constitute a major civilization in the sense of international affairs.

At midnight on December 31, Buddhist temples all over Japan ring their bells a total of 108 times ( じょやの鐘 joyanokane ) to symbolize the 108 human sins in Buddhist belief, and to get rid of the 108 worldly desires regarding sense and feeling in every Japanese citizen.

The term is used in the Buddhist tradition in a general and a specific sense, namely the general principle of interdependent causation and its application in the twelve nidanas.

However, in the Buddhist sense, the term is often used to refer to a particular " aspect " or " method " of the Dharma teachings.

However, in Padmasambhava, Karma Lingpa, Gyurme Dorje, Graham Coleman and Thupten Jinpa ( 2005: p. 480 ), we find the following clarification of the difference between the sense of the Tibetan rangrig and the Sanskrit ' svasaṃvitti ' or ' svasaṃvedana ' in Indian Buddhist epistemology and in particular in the writings of the lauded logicians Dignāga and Dharmakīrti, and their meaning in the Dzogchen teachings — in which the translators render the term by the English expression ' intrinsic awareness ':

Japan ` s Ministry of Education classifies Hogaku as a category separate from other traditional forms of music, such as Gagaku ( court music ) or Shōmyō ( Buddhist chanting ), but most ethnomusicologists view Hogaku, in a broad sense, as the form from which the others were derived 34.

The semantic range above reflects the breadth of the term's application in practice, and in the Buddhist sense extends to the determinations of nature, as in the Buddhist niyama dhammas.

For instance, " Chinese Filipino student " and " Chinese Filipino community ", but " Chinese-Filipino Catholic " or " Chinese-Filipino Buddhist " given that three consecutive words are capitalized and that Filipino in that sense is linked to Chinese rather than being an adjective to Catholic or Buddhist.

[...] he popularity of the Ājīvika doctrine in ancient times, such that it could rival that of both Jainism and Buddhism, also make sense if this doctrine was really not so radically different from these traditions as its presentation in Jain and Buddhist sources suggests.

A different sense in Buddhist usage occurs in the Sanskrit expression ( Pali: ) that means " makes free from uncertainty ( or false discrimination )

While Buddhist traditions do not deny the existence of supernatural beings ( e. g., the devas, of which many are discussed in Buddhist scripture ), it does not ascribe powers, in the typical Western sense, for creation, salvation or judgement, to the " gods ".