In the late 1500s and early 1600s many old surviving tachi blades were converted into katana by having their original tangs cut ( o-suriage ), the signature ( mei ) would be lost in this process.

In the 12th century, a watercourse was dug to drain the soil and by the 1500s the area was used as a market garden.

Holme Lacy House is now a hotel for a major national chain was built by John Scudamore in the 1500s.

The two Spanish varieties of Paprika, known in Spain as " Pimenton " come from the Comarca de la Vera in Caceres province and a variety from Murcia region, both of which were introduced some time in the 1500s by local monks from the Americas where they originate.

The Southport area was explored as early as the 1500s by Spanish explorers.

During the 1500s the farm was owned by members of the families Grip and Bååt.

David Beach believes that the city and its state, the Kingdom of Zimbabwe, flourished from 1200 to 1500, although a somewhat earlier date for its demise is implied by a description transmitted in the early 1500s to João de Barros.

Even with the articulated joints invented by Ambroise Paré in the 1500s, the amputee could not flex at will.

However, Ranke has been generally praised by historians for placing the situation of the Roman Catholic Church in the context of the 1500s and for his treatment of the complex interaction of the political and religious issues in that century.

Perhaps the greatest achievement of Italian Renaissance architecture was St. Peter's Basilica, originally designed by Donato Bramante in the early 1500s.

When Italy was ransacked by French and Spanish Armies in the early 1500s, most Italian states were easily defeated by armies practicing sporadic-warfare.

Aztec and neighboring people before the Spanish invasion had developed an endemic system of warfare too, and exactly the same thing was experienced by American countries when Americas were ransacked by Spanish and Portuguese sporadic-warfare Armies since the early 1500s, many native states were easily defeated.

And though it was the birthplace of banking, by the 1500s German and Dutch banks began taking away business.

Access to the printing press was hindered in the 1500s and the 1600s by official caution, although an Irish version of the Bible ( known as Bedell's Bible after the Anglican clergyman who commissioned it ) was published in the 17th century.

Whether this is simply artistic license or the device was actually one of those kept by the ruling family of Naples in the late 1400s / early 1500s ( the time period in which the series is set ) is unknown.

The castle which stands on the eastern side of the island was built in the late 1500s by the Hamilton Family to protect the island from Philip II of Spain.

The family ’ s noble status dated back to the 1500s, and by the 1700s the Richthofens owned 16 estates in Lower Silesia.

Subsequent incarnations: c. 1480 now found in Brussels ; and in the early 1500s, published in Paris with art by Robinet Testard and now found in both Paris and St. Petersburg, bore the name " Livre des simples medecines ".

The history of the Comma in the centuries following the development of the Textus Receptus in the 1500s has been one of initial acceptance followed by near-total rejection.

Starting in the early 1500s the overall population declined due to overexploitation and poaching and the ibex became extinct in Switzerland, Germany and France by the 18th century.

By the end of the 1500s, physicians across Europe were required by law to calculate the position of the Moon before carrying out complicated medical procedures, such as surgery or bleeding.

Arts of the late 1400s and early 1500s were dominated by three men.

Muscovite Mannerism: Harrowing of Hell, by Dionisius and his workshop.

In Parmigianino's Madonna with the Long Neck ( 1534-40 ), Mannerism makes itself known by elongated proportions, highly stylized poses, and lack of clear perspective.

High Mannerism: Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time by Bronzino, c. 1545 ; National Gallery | National Gallery, London

English Mannerism: Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, 1546, a rare English Mannerist portrait by a Flemish immigrant.

Other parts of Northern Europe did not have the advantage of such intense contact with Italian artists, but the Mannerist style made its presence felt through prints and illustrated books, the purchases of Italian works by rulers, and others, artists ' travels to Italy, and the example of individual Italian artists working in the North is called Northern Mannerism.

Tintoretto's Last Supper ( at right ) epitomizes Mannerism by taking Jesus and the table out of the middle of the room.

The rhyolitic tuff portal of the " church house " at Colditz Castle, Saxony, designed by Andreas Walther II ( 1584 ), is a clear example of the exuberance of " Antwerp Mannerism ".

One of the qualities most admired by his contemporaries was his terribilità, a sense of awe-inspiring grandeur, and it was the attempts of subsequent artists to imitate Michelangelo's impassioned and highly personal style that resulted in Mannerism, the next major movement in Western art after the High Renaissance.

Late Mannerism | Mannerist façade of the church of San Giovanni Evangelista, by Simone Moschino ( 1604 ), with sculpture by Giambattista Carra da Bissone

The rhyolitic tuff portal of the " church house " at Colditz Castle, Free State of Saxony | Saxony, designed by Andreas Walther II ( 1584 ), is a clear example of the exuberance of " Antwerp Mannerism "

He was soon seen as the ideal model by those disliking the excesses of Mannerism: the opinion ... was generally held in the middle of the sixteenth century that Raphael was the ideal balanced painter, universal in his talent, satisfying all the absolute standards, and obeying all the rules which were supposed to govern the arts, whereas Michelangelo was the eccentric genius, more brilliant than any other artists in his particular field, the drawing of the male nude, but unbalanced and lacking in certain qualities, such as grace and restraint, essential to the great artist.

The most famous of these is the Villa d ' Este, a World Heritage Site, whose construction was started in 1549 by Pirro Ligorio for Cardinal Ippolito II d ' Este and which was richly decorated with an ambitious program of frescoes by famous painters of late Roman Mannerism, such Livio Agresti ( a member of the " Forlì painting school ") or the Zuccari brothers.

The Mannerism | mannerist portal ( Tuff # Rhyolite tuff | rhyolitic tuff ) of the church house carved by Andreas Walther II in 1584.

As the main panels themselves became more dramatic, during Mannerism, predellas were no longer painted, and they are rare by the middle of the 16th century.

In some ways Eclecticism is reminiscent of Mannerism in that the term was used pejoratively for much of the period of its currency, although, unlike Mannerism, Eclecticism never amounted to a movement or constituted a specific style: it is characterized precisely by the fact that it was not a particular style.

From Fontainebleau, the new styles, transformed by Mannerism, brought the Renaissance to Antwerp and thence throughout Northern Europe.

Extending the general rubric of Renaissance culture, the visual arts of the High Renaissance were marked by a renewed emphasis upon the classical tradition, the expansion of networks of patronage, and a gradual attenuation of figural forms into the style later termed Mannerism.

In the 16th century, from the examples engraved for Sebastiano Serlio's treatise on architecture, caryatids became a fixture in the decorative vocabulary of Northern Mannerism expressed by the Fontainebleau School and the engravers of designs in Antwerp.

His works are characterized by a strong mood invoked by broad gestures and flickering light that create spiritual emotion and are credited with reinvigorating Italian art, especially fresco art, which was subsumed with formalistic Mannerism.

He had an important effect on Dutch art when in 1585 he showed his friend Hendrick Goltzius drawings he had by Bartholomeus Spranger, then the leading artist of Northern Mannerism, who was based in Prague as Rudolf's court artist.