By 1840, Haiti had ceased to export sugar entirely, although large amounts continued to be grown for local consumption as taffia-a raw rum.

By 1840, to protect the interests of the various nationals doing business in Zanzibar, consul offices had been opened by the British, French, Germans and Americans.

By 1840, Talbot had invented the calotype process, which creates negative images.

By 1840, the Institute was established with 1, 000 subscribers and a library of some 5, 500 books.

By 1840, Tubman's father, Ben, was manumitted, freed from slavery at the age of 45, as stipulated in a former owner's will, though his real age was closer to 55.

" By the time Chassériau visited Ingres in Rome in 1840, however, the younger artist's growing allegiance to the romantic style of Delacroix was apparent, leading Ingres to disown his favorite student, of whom he never again spoke favorably.

By 1840 the Hudson's Bay Company had three forts: Fort Hall ( purchased from Nathaniel Jarvis Wyeth in 1837 ), Fort Boise and Fort Nez Perce on the western end of the Oregon Trail route as well as Fort Vancouver near its terminus in the Willamette Valley.

By 1840 the fashion in Europe and Britain shifted away from the formerly very popular beaver felt hats and prices for furs rapidly declined and the trapping almost ceased.

By 1840 many plains tribes had made peace with each other and developed Plains Indian Sign Language as a means of communicate with their allies.

By 1840, the Market Hall and Sheds, where fresh meat and produce were brought daily, became the commercial hub of the city.

By January 1840, 63 emigrants were assembled at Rochefort.

By 1864, it was clear that continued governance of the Province of Canada under the terms of the 1840 Act of Union had become impracticable.

By 1840, it had become clear that Johnson was a liability to the Democratic ticket.

By 1840, black performers also were performing in blackface makeup.

By 1840 the population had reached 600, and in 1850 Yorkville consisted of 93 dwellings and 617 inhabitants.

By 1840 serious consideration was being given to education.

By 1850, the seventh census in Panola County listed 18 schools and a total student population of 439 pupils ( approximately four times that of the 1840 census ).

By 1840, Oakland had more than fifty mills.

By 1830 an estimated 150 settlers had arrived ; the United States census of 1840 reported 2, 364 people.

By 1840, Emerson's wife, Scott, and Harriet returned to St. Louis while Emerson served in the Seminole War.

By 1840, Colton was part of two private ranchos, Jurupa and San Bernardino Rancho.

By 1840 the town ’ s population had dropped to 2, 269 and by 1870 it was down to 1, 759.

By 1840, area population had grown to 2, 364.

By 1840, the community was known as Gilman's Point, after local tavern owner Daniel Gilman.

By comparison, Stone Harbor bird sanctuary's allies seem less formidable, for aside from the Audubon Society, they are mostly the snowy, common and cattle egrets and the Louisiana, green, little blue and black-crowned herons who nest and feed there.

By this time there is little doubt but what election plans were complete.

By 1960 there were such schools in all but 4 states.

By themselves they may not be able to save the life on this planet, but without them there would be very little left worth saving.

By saying `` another emotional death '', she reveals that there has been a previous one, although she has not described it in words.

I grinned at him, handed him a couple of dollars and said, `` By the time you get the parking charge figured up, there should be a cigar in it for you ''.

By 335 BC he had returned to Athens, establishing his own school there known as the Lyceum.

By 1903 the Liberals were so dominant that there was no longer an organized opposition in Parliament.

By 1073 there were only two Englishmen in episcopal sees, and by the time of William's death in 1089, there was only one, Wulfstan II of Worcester.

Proof: By symmetry, it suffices to prove that there is some constant c such that for all bitstrings s

By its terms the boundary between Alfred ’ s and Guthrum ’ s kingdoms was to run up the River Thames, to the River Lea ; follow the Lea to its source ( near Luton ); from there extend in a straight line to Bedford ; and from Bedford follow the River Ouse to Watling Street.

By the 1850s when they first came into sustained contact by outside groups, there were estimated 7, 000 Adamanese, divided into the following major groups:

By his zeal and exertions – for there were many conflicting interests to reconcile – he adjusted the affair in a manner at once creditable to his judgment and fortunate for his country.

By the beginning of World War II, many towns and cities had built space, and there were numerous qualified pilots available.

" Caplan comments on the impact of the Supreme Court's decision making it necessary for there to be evidence of guilt in such a plea, " By requiring that there be some evidence of guilt in such a situation, the decision attempts to protect the ' really ' innocent from the temptations to which plea-bargaining and defense attorneys may subject them.

By the end of the 18th century there were no factories or mills and only a few small cottage industries along the border with Zurich.

By the mid-nineteenth century there were Wesleyan, Primitive Methodist, United Free Methodist, Congregationalist, Baptist, Swedenborgian, Unitarian, Roman Catholic and Catholic Apostolic churches in the town.

By the 2nd century there were also famous Christian ascetics, such as Saint Thecla.

By the 15th century there is evidence for the renewed use of lidded cementation crucibles at Zwickau in Germany.

By the 6th century AD there is evidence of the foundation of a Bavarian stem duchy whose leadership was related to the ruling Frankish ( and possibly Alemannic / Swabian ) houses.

By 16: 00, Alexander and Swiftsure were also in sight, although some distance from the main British fleet, and Brueys gave orders to abandon the plan to remain at anchor and instead for his line to set sails, although Blanquet protested the order on the grounds that there were not enough men aboard the French ships to both sail the ships and man the guns.

By 1950, there were only 100, 000 monolingual Bretons, and a rapid decline since, with likely no monolingual speakers left today.