By 1850, Luanda was one of the greatest and most developed Portuguese cities in the vast Portuguese Empire outside Mainland Portugal, full of trading companies, exporting ( together with Benguela ) palm and peanut oil, wax, copal, timber, ivory, cotton, coffee, and cocoa, among many other products.

By 1850, Parliament had enacted several statutes on a case-by-case basis to deal with issues regularly faced by certain types of organizations, like joint-stock companies, and with the impetus for most types of group litigation removed, it went into a steep decline in English jurisprudence from which it never recovered.

By 1850, Newson was a prosperous businessman and was able to build Alde House, a mansion on a hill behind Aldeburgh.

By 1850 the German states were catching up, and by 1900 Germany was a world leader in industrialization, along with Britain and the United States.

By 1850 European explorers had begun mapping the interior.

By 1850, Luanda was one of the greatest and most developed Portuguese cities in the vast Portuguese Empire outside Mainland Portugal, full of trading companies, exporting ( together with Benguela ) palm and peanut oil, wax, copal, timber, ivory, cotton, coffee, and cocoa, among many other products.

By 1850 this had increased fivefold to 350 million and continued to grow rapidly thereafter, until the end of the 20th century when newer methods drastically reduced the use of delivery systems requiring stamps.

By 1850, various methods such as rouletting wheels were being devised in an effort to make stamp separation more efficient and to allow for large numbers of stamps to be quickly separated.

By 1850, North America had discovered a love of the sport, and, indeed, North America went on to develop the all-steel blade, which was both lighter and sharper.

By 1850 eleven editions had been printed.

By 1850, it became clear that the Capitol could not accommodate the growing number of legislators arriving from newly admitted states.

By 1850 California had enough settlers arriving by the California Trail and by sea to become the 31st state.

By 1850, the Jewish population consisted of 60 Sephardi families and a 30-year old Ashkenazi community of 50 families.

By 1850, Luanda was one of the largest Portuguese cities in the Portuguese Empire outside Mainland Portugal exporting ( together with Benguela ) palm and peanut oil, wax, copal, timber, ivory, cotton, coffee, and cocoa, among many other products-almost all the produce of a continued forced labour system.

By 1850 California entered the Union as a free state.

By the middle of the 19th century, subsequent to the Industrial Revolution ( 1750 – 1850 ), the great expansion of the bourgeoisie social class caused its self-stratification — by business activity and by economic function — into the haute bourgeoisie ( bankers and industrialists ) and the petite bourgeoisie ( tradesmen and white-collar workers ).

By 1850, most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations.

By 1850, nearly all German states used this standard of Thaler, though with differing subdivisions.

By 1850, however, Edward Hincks came to suspect a non-Semitic origin for cuneiform.

By 1850, de Celis was listed in the Los Angeles Census as an agriculturist, 42 years old, and the owner of a real estate worth $ 20, 000.

By 1850, it was the second most populous county in Texas out of the 78 counties that had been organized at that time, according to the 1850 census.

By 1850 about thirty-nine ranches were in operation in what later became Hidalgo County.

By 1850, the county had more slaves than any other county in Texas until the end of the Civil War.

By 1840 the population had reached 600, and in 1850 Yorkville consisted of 93 dwellings and 617 inhabitants.

By this standard, it is determined that where two stations operating on the same frequency are involved, objectionable interference from station A exists at any point within the service area of station B where station A's signal is of an intensity one-twentieth or more of the strength of station B's signal at that point.

By this time Henri's entire chest-back-lat-shoulder area is pumped-up to almost bursting point, and Claude takes time to do a bit more pectoral-front deltoid shaping work.

By 800 B.C. the Aegean was an area of common tongue and of common culture.

By using the palette to mask the top area of the display and taking care about when it changes mode it can shift the continuous graphics at the bottom of the display down in two pixel increments because the internal display counter is not incremented on blank scanlines during non-continuous graphics modes.

By 1971, 12 percent of the total area of South Vietnam had been sprayed with defoliating chemicals, at an average concentration of 13 times the recommended USDA application rate for domestic use.

By 1971, 12 percent of the total area of South Vietnam had been sprayed with defoliating chemicals, at an average concentration of 13 times the recommended USDA application rate for domestic use.

By the late 1960s, the area of LAFTA had a population of 220 million and produced about $ 90 billion of goods and services annually.

By 667, the Afghan area was under invasion by the Arabs but in 683 Kabul revolted and completely routed the invading army which was led by the Governor of Seistan.

By the 18th century, the area from Sambas to Berau were tributaries to the Banjar Kingdom, but this eventually shrunk to the size of what is now South Kalimantan as a result of agreements with the Dutch.

By the late 1950s, the once-prosperous port area of downtown Manhattan was occupied by a number of dilapidated shipping piers, casualties of the rise of container shipping which drove sea traffic to Port Elizabeth, New Jersey.

By the 1970s the area was notorious for street robberies and drug dealing.

Boroughs proliferated in the suburban areas of the larger cities: By the 1980s there were 19 boroughs and three cities in the area that is now the City of Auckland.

By 1080, a huge area had been lost to the Empire, and the Turks were within striking distance of Constantinople.

By area of extent, it was one of the largest empires ever in history.

By far the largest of the SSSIs is called Cheddar Complex and covers of the gorge, caves and the surrounding area.

By 2002, the cross had been rebuilt and the area around it was redesigned to protect and enhance its appearance.

By the time Allen reached his teens, the area, while still a difficult area in which to make a living, began to resemble a town, with wood-frame houses beginning to replace the rough cabins of the early settlers.

By 1769 the situation in the Grants had deteriorated to the point where surveyors and other figures of New York authority were being physically threatened and driven from the area.

By suppressing the inhibition of neurons by external factors, the targeted area of the brain may be reactivated and thereby recruited to compensate for lost function.

By 1916 Shepard started working for the Intelligence Department sketching the combat area within the view of his battery position.

By the first century BC Germanic languages had become prevalent, and the inhabitants were called Belgæ while the area was the coastal district of Gallia Belgica, the most northeastern province of the Roman Empire at its height.

By the late evening of 12 April most of the major southern parts and all the western area of the city had been occupied by the Germans, who cleared the city house by house, street by street.

By the 3rd century, the Goths ruled a vast area north of the Black Sea from where they either through crossing the lower Danube or traveling by sea, raided the Balkan Peninsula and Anatolia as far as Cyprus.

By now Glasnevin was an area for families of distinction-in spite of a comment attributed to the Protestant Archbishop King of Dublin that " when any couple had a mind to be wicked, they would retire to Glasnevin ".