By the spring of 1863, he was ready to recruit black troops in more than token numbers.

By the end of 1863, at Lincoln's direction, General Lorenzo Thomas had recruited 20 regiments of blacks from the Mississippi Valley.

By December 1863 a proposed constitutional amendment that would outlaw slavery absolutely was brought to Congress for passage.

By this work his reputation became firmly established, and he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1863.

By 1863, 22 lecture courses were held in Czech, the remainder ( out of 187 ) in German.

By 1862, the war was over and Vietnam conceded three provinces in the south, called by the French Cochin-China, opened three ports to French trade, allowed free passage of French warships to Cambodia ( which led to a French protectorate over Cambodia in 1863 ), allowed freedom of action for French missionaries and gave France a large indemnity for the cost of the war.

By the time British settlers arrived after 1863, most of these villages had been abandoned as the inhabitants were away fighting with the Kingitanga rebels further west in the battlefields of the upper Waipa river.

By 1863 they were selling the U. S. government " 520 bonds ".

By some definitions, the first supervillain was John Devil, a proto-Fantômas, created by Paul Féval, père in his eponymous 1860 novel, or Féval's nearly-immortal, machiavellian Colonel Bozzo-Corona, leader of Les Habits Noirs introduced in 1863.

By 1863 the East Gulf Blockade Squadron effectively closed the larger ports along the Gulf Coast.

By the early summer of 1863, the town had 300 buildings and a population of 5, 000.

By the time Vicksburg fell to the Union in 1863, most planters in the Lake Providence area had fled, leaving behind their vacant estates.

By 1863, Hazelton had 400 residents supported by an agricultural economy, with a post office, general store and three churches.

By 1863 Valley Falls had established itself as a mini-industrial center.

By April 1863, all traffic had ceased, and Stamford Corporation tried to sell the line at auction, but failed because their ownership of it was disputed.

By Chapter 52 of the Statutes of 1863 the Township of Chester in the County of Lunenburg was made a separate district for certain specified purposes.

By the winter of 1862 – 1863 there were 7, 000 unemployed operatives in the town.

By 1863 there were 750 empty houses in the town.

By 1863 a committee had been formed, and with aid from central government, land was purchased with the intention of employing local cotton workers to construct Alexandra Park, which opened on 28 August 1865.

By early 1863, Frank, ignoring his parole and oath of allegiance, had joined the guerrilla band of Fernando Scott, a former saddler.

By 1862 the war was over and Vietnam conceded three provinces in the south, called by the French Cochinchina, opened three ports to French trade, allowed free passage of French warships to Kampuchea ( which led to a French protectorate over Kampuchea in 1863 ), allowed freedom of action for French missionaries and gave France a large indemnity for the cost of the war.

By war's end, the Union had set up 100 contraband camps in the South, and the Roanoke Island Freedmen's Colony ( 1863 – 1867 ) was developed to be a self-sustaining colony.

By early 1863 Rhett has established himself as a friend of both women and a frequent visitor to their house.

By reducing tolls, the Aire and Calder managed to increase traffic from 179, 295 tons in 1855 to 291, 313 tons in 1863, but traffic gradually reduced after that, as railway links to the coalfields were built.

By the beginning of World War II, many towns and cities had built space, and there were numerous qualified pilots available.

By a process known as self-attribution, it has been shown in numerous studies that individuals with knowledge of astrology tend to describe their personality in terms of traits compatible with their star sign.

By virtue of its extensive biotechnology sector, its numerous major universities, and relatively few internal barriers, the U. S. has progressed a great deal in its development of BME education and training opportunities.

By the mid-20th century, the number of examples of people skipping stages, such as going from hunter-gatherers to post-industrial service occupations in one generation, were so numerous that 19th-century evolutionism was effectively disproved.

By 2008, numerous service areas and petrol stations had been constructed along all Croatian motorways.

By the 1530s, cimarrón bands had become so numerous that in rural areas the Spaniards could only safely travel outside their plantations in large armed groups.

By the start of World War I the cinema in Poland was already in full swing, with numerous adaptations of major works of Polish literature screened ( notably the Dzieje grzechu, Meir Ezofowicz and Nad Niemnem.

By the mid-1990s, Ghana Airways operated international scheduled passenger and cargo service to numerous European, Middle Eastern, and African destinations, including London, Düsseldorf, Rome, Abidjan, Dakar, Lagos, Lomé, and Johannesburg.

By the mid 17th century, numerous small Dutch and Flemish distillers ( some 400 in Amsterdam alone by 1663 ) had popularized the re-distillation of malt spirit or wine with juniper, anise, caraway, coriander, etc., which were sold in pharmacies and used to treat such medical problems as kidney ailments, lumbago, stomach ailments, gallstones, and gout.

By now numerous books and articles had been written about the Polgár sisters making them famous even outside of the world of chess.

By contrast, so far as is known, the Basque language is an absolute isolate: It has not been shown to be related to any other language despite numerous attempts, though it has been influenced by neighboring Romance languages.

By allowing possession and retail sales of cannabis, but not cultivation or wholesale, the government creates numerous problems of crime and public safety, he alleges, and therefore he would like to switch to either legalising and regulating production, or to the full repression that his party ( CDA ) officially advocates.

By 1980, this condition had been altered dramatically, as numerous members of those groups held faculty positions.

By the year 400 Greek philosophy, art, literature and architecture had spread far and wide, with the numerous independent Greek colonies that had sprung up throughout the lands of the eastern Mediterranean.

By borrowing heavily from numerous other languages it expresses a natural linguistic evolution ; in fact, it is as natural as the next language, as demonstrated in its exceptional capacity for absorbing foreign vocabulary.

By that time, the Gelugpa or Yellow Hat school had, after a period of anarchy in Tibet, become a powerful force resulting in the flight to Bhutan of numerous monks of various minor opposing sects.

" By the 1970s, numerous countries had banned the procedure as had several US states.

By comparison, DuMont was hampered by numerous regulatory roadblocks, most notably a ban on acquiring more stations since its minority owner, Paramount Pictures owned two television stations.

By contrast, numerous charters survived from the reigns of his father Edgar and half-brother Æthelred.

By 1812, Clay owned a productive plantation, which he called " Ashland ," and numerous slaves to work the land.

By the end of that century, references to cornett players are fairly numerous in most European countries.

By 1920, Oakland was the home of numerous manufacturing industries, including metals, canneries, bakeries, internal combustion engines, automobiles, and shipbuilding.

By 1851 the more numerous Lakota and Cheyenne were established just to the south and east of Crow territory in Montana.

By right of conquest, they took over the eastern hunting lands of the Crow, including the Powder and Tongue River valleys, and pushed the less numerous Crow to the west and northwest upriver on the Yellowstone.

By late 1948 the CPC eventually captured the northern cities of Shenyang and Changchun and seized control of the Northeast after struggling through numerous set-backs while trying to take the cities, with the decisive Liaoshen Campaign.