By 1865, following the American Civil War, stocks in small industrial companies, such as iron and steel, textiles and chemicals were first sold by curbstone brokers.

By the end of 1865, almost 100 clubs were members of the NABBP.

By 1865, he's reported as living back in Houston.

By 1865, the German physicist Rudolf Clausius had shown that this equivalence principle needed amendment.

By 1865 he had moved into banking and specialized in selling municipal, state, and government bonds.

By 1865 the Delegacy had ceased to be ' perpetual ,' and evolved into five perpetual and five junior posts filled by appointment from the University, with the Vice Chancellor a Delegate ex officio: a hothouse for factionalism that Price deftly tended and controlled.

By 1865, an initial printing of 1200 copies of his Mémoires was completed.

By 1865, the Confederate dollar was worthless due to massive inflation, and people in the South had to resort to bartering services for goods, or else use scarce Union dollars.

By December 6, 1865, the amendment was ratified and Johnson considered Reconstruction over.

By 1865 there was a huge dancing platform, a rebuilt theatre, high-wire acts, pantomime, music hall and the original Siamese twins.

By order of the Governor, the courthouse was relocated to the schoolhouse at Cave Springs ( near present day La Russell, Missouri ) in 1865.

By 1865 Spring Place was known as an area occupied by Confederate Guerrillas.

By 1865, most of the Lugo ranch, divided among five sons and three daughters, had been sold off for as little as a dollar per acre.

By 1865, the population of Newton grew to 300 and a decade later reached 400 people.

By 1865, Robert B. Gregg owned the land and platted 127 lots on the south side of the Thornapple River.

By an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 23, 1865, Haddon Township was incorporated from portions of Newton Township.

By 1865, the population was 888.

By 1865, the population was 1, 167.

By 1865, Marysville had six dry goods stores, one hardware store, nine or ten groceries, a mill, a woolen factory, and most of the trades and professions.

By 1865, the Jersey was operated by the Delaware Lackawanna & Western Railroad and had an estimated annual capacity of 50, 000 tons.

By 1865, Darlington was the headquarters for the Third Separate Brigade of the Military District of Eastern South Carolina and the Freedman's Bureau.

By 1865 the population was about 2, 700.

By 1865, the Smithsonian Institution began a catalog of current scientific papers, which became the International Catalogue of Scientific Papers in 1902.

By 1865 Hermann's health was deteriorating and a new principal conductor, Alfred Mellon, was appointed in September.

By far the longest canal was the Grand Canal of China, still the longest canal in the world today, and the oldest extant one.

By 1798 Thompson had completed a survey of from Grand Portage, through Lake Winnipeg, to the headwaters of the Assiniboine and Mississippi Rivers, as well as two sides of Lake Superior.

By the middle of the 14th century, the power of the Mongols was declining, and the Grand Princes felt able to openly oppose the Mongol yoke.

By 1600, the Missouria lived near the confluence of the Grand and Missouri rivers, where they settled through the 18th century.

* 1868 – Decoration Day ( the predecessor of the modern " Memorial Day ") is observed in the United States for the first time ( By " Commander-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic " John A. Logan's proclamation on May 5 ).

By November 2005, Hawass was suggesting a three-month loan of the Rosetta Stone, while reiterating the eventual goal of a permanent return ; in December 2009, he proposed to drop his claim for the permanent return of the Rosetta Stone if the British Museum loaned the stone to Egypt for three months, for the opening of the Grand Egyptian Museum at Giza in 2013.

By the time of the Penya Rhin Grand Prix in late June, Nuvolari's leg was finally out of plaster, but was still causing him troubles as he battled pain until he retired his Maserati with technical problems.

By the treaty of 1839, Luxembourg did not fully join Belgium, and remained a possession of the Netherlands until different inheritance laws caused it to separate as an independent Grand Duchy.

By doing so he eliminated his rival, allowed the Russian Orthodox Church to move its headquarters to Moscow, and was granted the title of Grand prince by the Mongols.

By 1450, the Tatar language had become fashionable in the court of the Grand Prince of Moscow, Vasily II, who was accused of excessive love of the Tatars and their speech, and many Russian noblemen adopted Tatar surnames ( for example, a member of the Veliamanov family adopted the Turkic name " Aksak " and his descendents were the Aksakovs ) Many Russian boyar ( noble ) families traced their descent from the Mongols or Tatars, including Veliaminov-Zernov, Godunov, Arseniev, Bakhmetev, Bulgakov ( descendents of Bulgak ) and Chaadaev ( descendents of Genghis Khan's son Jagatay ).

By the mid 1930s, more than a dozen different climbing routes had been established on Grand Teton including the northeast ridge in 1931 by Glenn Exum.

By marriage, she was Duchess of Lorraine, Grand Duchess of Tuscany and Holy Roman Empress.

By the Treaty of Vienna ( November 1738 ), Stanisław was compensated for the loss of his Polish throne with the duchy of Lorraine, which would eventually pass to King Louis as his son-in-law, while Duke Francis III of Lorraine was made heir to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany as compensation for the loss of Lorraine.

In her book By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept, she memorably intertwined the callous police interrogation under this law with quotations about love from the Song of Songs.

By exception the three surviving lodges that formed the world's first known Grand Lodge in London ( today called the United Grand Lodge of England ) have the unique privilege to operate as time immemorial i. e. without such warrant ; only one other lodge operates without a warrant-this is the Grand Stewards ' Lodge in London, although it is not also entitled to the " time immemorial " title.

By law, both Frank and Billy should have left their firearms at the Grand Hotel.

By 1928, practically the only check on Mussolini's power was the King's right to dismiss him from office — though that right could only be exercised on the advice of the Fascist Grand Council, a body that could only be convened by Mussolini.

By 1800, the area was also traversed by the Harrow Road and an arm of the Grand Union Canal.

By 1899, the Village of Grand Cane was incorporated and the first Mayor was E. R.

By 1881, the eastern band had disappeared, leaving the remaining Chitimacha on Grand Lake, located near Charenton.

By the 1870s, the Reeds Lake area was a popular summertime day trip destination for the people of Grand Rapids and surrounding areas.

By the time of the 2010 census, the area of the former township had been divided between the cities of Grand Rapids, La Prairie, and Coleraine.