By the Naturalisation Act 1870, it was made possible for British subjects to renounce their nationality and allegiance, and the ways in which that nationality is lost are defined.

By 1870 Liberia had sunk into financial crisis, which dragged on into the 1930s.

By 1870, The Joseph Dixon Crucible Company was the world ’ s largest dealer and consumer of graphite and later became the contemporary Dixon Ticonderoga pencil and art supplies company.

By way of example, and following Germany's decision after the Franco-Prussian War ( 1870 – 1871 ) to extract reparations to facilitate a move to the gold standard, Japan gained the needed reserves after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 – 1895.

By September 1870, the blockade was finally abandoned altogether for the winter, and the French Navy retired to ports along the English Channel, remaining in port for the rest of the war.

By 1870 the population in the states served by the Oregon Trail and its offshoots increased by about 350, 000 over their 1860 census levels.

By around 1870, palm oil constituted the primary export of some West African countries, such as Ghana and Nigeria, although this was overtaken by cocoa in the 1880s.

By 1870, the League had more than one hundred branches, mostly in cities and peopled largely by men of trades unions and working men's organisations.

By 1870 after the Civil War, the total population decreased slightly to 10, 313, but the number of blacks rose to 6610, or 64 % of the total.

By May 1870 the District railway had opened its line from West Brompton to Blackfriars via Gloucester Road and South Kensington, services being operated at first by the Metropolitan.

By the end of the Prussian Kingdom in 1870, over 3 million people lived in the Ruhrgebiet and the new coal-mining district had become the largest industrial region of Europe.

By comparison, the county had 15, 714 residents in 1870, 20 % of whom were White.

By 1870 the game as described in England used a mixture of French and English words and spellings:

: By 1870, the words used in the game were a mixture of French and English words and spellings.

By 1870, there was a Chinese population of 200.

By 1870, it was a thriving town full of small businesses ( many owned by the Sharp family ), a school, post office, and Union Guard Armory.

By 1840 the town ’ s population had dropped to 2, 269 and by 1870 it was down to 1, 759.

By 1870, the District's population had grown 75 % from the previous census to nearly 132, 000 residents.

By 1870, however, much of the excess population of the region had been drained off to other mining rushes and returns on claims had fallen somewhat.

By 1870, Schaumburg Township had become completely German.

By 1870 17 % of Jeffersonville residents were foreign-born.

By 1870, Richmond ( Wayne Township ) had surpassed Centerville in business, population, and tax revenue.

By 1870, there was a Methodist church and a school, and Oliver Tyson had purchased the mill and expanded it, adding a flour mill.

By 1870, when the population was 725, it had two post offices — Rome and Belgrade Mills.

By the Rule of St Benedict, which, until the Cluniac reforms, was the norm in the West, the abbot has jurisdiction over only one community.

By the time dBASE for Windows eventually shipped, the developer community had moved on to other products such as Clipper or FoxBase and dBASE never regained significant share of Ashton-Tate's former market.

By the 1850s, bunyip had also become a " synonym for imposter, pretender, humbug and the like " in the broader Australian community.

By the 1980s many colleges had recognised a community need for computer training and since then thousands of people have been up-skilled through IT courses.

By the later 3rd century, however, some Christians began to express dissatisfaction with the custom of relying on the Jewish community to determine the date of Easter.

By the 1970s the science fiction community was confronting questions of feminism and sexism within science fiction culture itself.

By ancient tradition, Basques, and indeed other peoples in Medieval Europe, held assemblies under a tree, usually an oak, to discuss matters affecting the community.

By placing parentheses around Pasadena City College, a nearby community college, Mudd students changed the sign to read:

By the early monarchy El and Yahweh had become unified and Asherah did not continue as a separate state cult, although she continued to be popular at a community level until Persian times.

By 1819 the Harmonites had built 150 log homes, a church, a community storehouse, barns, stables, and a tavern, along with thriving shops and mills, and cleared land for farming.

By making wiki links simpler to type for the members of a particular community, these features help bring the different wikis closer together.

By 1937, the members had made the decision to create a new language, to the surprise of the world's interlanguage community.

By 25 May 1993, the international community had tried to pressure the leaders of the former Yugoslavian republics diplomatically, militarily, politically, economically, and – with Resolution 827 – through juridical means.

By 1980, a number of national computer facilities ( ULCC London, UMRCC Manchester, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory serving the Science and Engineering Research Council community ), each with their own star network had developed.

By the early 2000s, community development issues and resettlements became mainstreamed in Bank mining projects.

By the late 19th century, Nazareth was a town with a strong Arab Christian presence and a growing European community, where a number of communal projects were undertaken and new religious buildings were erected.

By not outing gay Bishops who support policies which harm homosexuals, we would be protecting those Bishops and thereby allowing them to continue to inflict suffering on members of our community.

By extension the term parish refers not only to the territorial unit but to the people of its community or congregation as well as to church property within it.

By sacred things he meant things " set apart and forbidden — beliefs and practices which unite into one single moral community called a Church, all those who adhere to them ".

By the late 1990s, the message board forum at the site had developed into a thriving community with a large number of regular members and contributors worldwide.

By adopting this Responsum, the CJLS found itself in a position to provide a considered Jewish-law justification for its egalitarian practices, without having to rely on potentially unconvincing arguments, undermine the religious importance of community and clergy, ask individual women intrusive questions, repudiate the halakhic tradition, or label women following traditional practices as sinners.

By doing this he wishes to establish within the younger members of his community a scheme to discern right and wrong actions through the powers of the mind.

By the 15th century, its authority in the Spanish Jewish community was such that Joseph ibn Shem-Tov drew from it arguments in his attacks against Maimonides, and even representatives of non-mystical Jewish thought began to assert its sacredness and invoke its authority in the decision of some ritual questions.

By 1523, a Karaite community, consisting of 10 families, is recorded as living in Hebron, It was from them that, in 1540, Rabbi Malkiel Ashkenazi bought a courtyard ( El Cortijo ) and the house of prayer which he converted to the Sephardi Abraham Avinu Synagogue.

By 1850, the Jewish population consisted of 60 Sephardi families and a 30-year old Ashkenazi community of 50 families.