By 1882 German makers also produced hexagonal grained powders of a similar size for artillery.

By April 1882, he was in Paris where he was ready to make changes.

By 1882, Dr. Armitage was able to report that " There is now probably no institution in the civilized world where braille is not used except in some of those in North America.

By early 1881 the State Department started responding to criticism of the seal, resulting first in an 1882 centennial commemorative coin, and then with Secretary of State Frederick Frelinghuysen asking for funds to create a new design and dies of both the obverse and reverse on January 11, 1884, after getting estimates of the cost.

By 1882, he had settled near Alpine and taken up ranching, branching out later to merchant and civic leader.

By the time the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was passed, the population was up to 2, 000 residents.

By this time other entrepreneurs had laid out additions to Millwood as well, but growth was slow until the coming of the Monon Railroad in 1882 which stimulated a commercial and industrial boom.

By 1882, the colony was completely disbanded as the Mississippi flooded destroying most farms.

By May 1882, there were three buildings on the spot destined to become Billings.

By 1882 there were 280 students and businesses included a motel, a mill, a hardware store, a lumberyard, and a few other shops.

By 1882, the Company had relocated to their present building, which was erected in 1852 as a Market House.

By the 1870 ’ s Mary was telling her students “ Some day I will have a church of my own .” In 1879 she and her students established the Church of Christ, Scientist, “ to commemorate the word and works of our Master, which should reinstate primitive Christianity and its lost element of healing .” In 1892 at Eddy ’ s direction, the church reorganized as The First Church of Christ, Scientist, “ designed to be built on the Rock, Christ ....” Some years later in 1881, she founded the Massachusetts Metaphysical College, where she taught approximately 800 students in Boston, Massachusetts between the years 1882 and 1889.

By 1882, Metuchen School # 15 had an enrollment of 256 pupils, and by 1885 the New Jersey Gazette listed thirty-seven businesses.

By 1882 a rail line had been built through the town.

By the winter of 1882 – 83 he was experiencing depression, insomnia, and hallucinations, together with giddiness, cramp and a temporary loss of speech.

By the time Canon Carver retired from the position of Master in 1882, Dulwich College was said to have expanded more rapidly in the previous 25 years than any other establishment and to be holding its own at universities, to have won a large number of places of honour in the Indian and Home Civil Service and at the Royal Military College of Woolwich and to be well represented among the public schools medals of the Royal Geographic Society and the prizes of the Art Schools of the Royal Academy.

By that time Creole was already an identifiable regional cuisine recognized outside Louisiana: for example, an 1882 Florida hotel menu now in the New York Public Library's collection offered " Chicken Saute, á la Creole.

By 1881 at Franks suggestion, Sum bought out his brother's share of the Scranton store in two installments, in January 1881 and 1882.

By the end of 1882 the provisional committee comprised members from several of Manchester's large industries, but notably few of the city's wealthier inhabitants.

By September 1882, the Sudanese position had grown perilous.

By 1882, Hyde Windlass was eyeing the new and growing business of iron shipbuilding ; two years later, it incorporated as Bath Iron Works.

By the time he left in 1882, there were five times as many roads and twice as many trails.

" By 1882 their place had been taken by several massive offshoots.

By 1882, the Knights of Labor in New York City had 60, 000 members.

By the clause in the Levant Trade Act of 1752 vessels for the United Kingdom with a foul bill ( i. e. coming from a country where plague existed ) had to repair to the lazarets of Malta, Venice, Messina, Livorno, Genoa or Marseille, to perform their quarantine or to have their cargoes sufficiently opened and aired.

By the time of the Ottoman Siege of Malta in 1565, this fortification had been reinforced and extended into a modest star fort.

By 1765 – 66, Balsamo found himself on the island of Malta, where he became an auxiliary ( donato ) for the Sovereign Military Order of Malta and a skilled pharmacist.

By February 1941 he was in command of No. 274 Squadron in Malta, originally with Gloster Gladiator biplane fighters which were soon replaced by the Hawker Hurricane.

By early 1803 the United Kingdom's financial and diplomatic positions had recovered sufficiently to allow Addington to declare war on France, when it became clear that the French would not allow a settlement for the defences of Malta that would have been secure enough to fend off a French invasion that appeared imminent.

By this time the 1st Parachute Brigade, which had taken no further part in the conquest of Sicily, had been withdrawn back to Malta.

By 1954 ACE's forces consisted of Allied Forces Northern Europe, at Oslo, Allied Forces Central Europe ( Fontainebleau ), Allied Forces Southern Europe ( Paris / Naples ) and Allied Forces Mediterranean at Malta.

By June, this fleet grew to seven ( out of an eventual 18 ) aircraft, enabling the launch of additional jet services to Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm, Düsseldorf, Malta, Zürich and Frankfurt.

By 480 BCE, with the ascendancy of Carthage in the western Mediterranean, Malta became a Punic colony.

By 1240, according to a report prepared for Emperor Frederick II, there were 47 Christian and 25 Jewish families on Malta, and 200 Christian and 8 Jewish families on Gozo.

By 1798, when the Knights surrendered Malta to the forces of Napoleon Bonaparte, the population of Malta had increased to 114, 000.

By 1938, the Italian army command had estimated the amount of sea transport it would require to move significant military forces into North Africa and identified the seizure of Malta as a necessary prerequisite.

By this time Royal Malta Artillery now guarded the Grand Harbour.

By early August 1941, Malta now had 75 fighters and 230 anti-aircraft guns.

By August 1942, 163 Spitfires were on hand to defend Malta, 120 were serviceable.

By the time of his retirement from the army in 1968, Frost had attained the rank of major general and in addition to his wartime decorations, had been appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath, and was made a Grand Officer of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

By 2000 the chain also had stores in Greece, Tenerife, Gibraltar, Malta and the Far East.

By early 1942, however, the Allies lost the initiative in the central Mediterranean as Italian and German forces gained the upper hand in their attempts to isolate Malta and even made plans to remove it as a threat.

By arming both Gibraltar and Malta, the British were seeking to ensure the vital route to India through the Mediterranean and the Suez Canal, which had opened to traffic in 1869.

By 1741, freemasonry was established firmly in Malta.