`` By one fell swoop the Court now finds that Congress indulged in needless legislation in the acts of 1910, 1913, 1925, 1934 and 1937.

By 1910 both factions together had fewer than 100, 000 members.

By 1910, the profession, " chemical engineer ", was already in common use in Britain and the United States.

By 1910, the name had changed to Addicks although it also appeared as Haddick.

By 1910, regular radio broadcasting had started to use " live " as well as prerecorded sound.

By 1910 the turbine had been widely adopted by all navies for their faster ships.

By 1910 the steam-driven displacement ( that is, not hydroplaning ) torpedo boat had become redundant as a separate type.

By 1910, the French film companies were starting to make films as long as two, or even three reels, though most were still one reel long.

By 1910 new smaller Danish companies began joining the business, and besides making more films about the white slave trade, they contributed other new subjects.

By 1910, 13. 5 million immigrants were living in the United States.

By 1910, there were written accounts in many languages, including French and Japanese.

By 1910, the town had a hotel which also operated as a post office.

By 1910, much of the world experienced a dramatic increase in polio cases and epidemics became regular events, primarily in cities during the summer months.

By 1910 the standard blunt-nosed bullet had been replaced with the pointed, ' spitzer ' bullet, an innovation that increased range and penetration.

By 1910, around a third of the city population was Slovene, and the number of Slovenes in Trieste was higher than in Ljubljana.

By 1910, Argentina, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, India, Malaya, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the United States had Boy Scouts.

By 1910, 31 state legislatures had passed motions calling for reform.

By 1910, 31 state legislatures had passed resolutions calling for a constitutional amendment allowing direct election, and in the same year ten Republican senators who were opposed to reform were forced out of their seats, acting as a " wake-up call to the Senate ".

By 1910, however, the IMR leveled off, while it continued to drop in other countries.

By 1910 they were campaigning for peace, and against compulsory military training, and conscription.

By 1910 the split between the two wings of the Republican Party was deep, and this, in turn, caused Roosevelt and Taft to turn against one another, despite their personal friendship.

By 1910, there were 4, 800 elementary schools, 330 lyceums, 27 high schools, and 113 vocational schools.

By 1910, Verneuil's laboratory had expanded into a 30 furnace production facility, with annual gemstone production having reached in 1907.

By 1910, 53. 7 % of Omaha ’ s residents and 64. 2 % of South Omaha ’ s residents were foreign born or had at least one parent born outside of America.

By these measures, Congress, so the Court ( in effect ) now decides, gave not only needless but inadequate relief, since it now appears that the federal courts have inherent power to sterilize the Act of 1875 against all proceedings challenging local regulation ''.

`` By winning against Bradley, Kentucky and Notre Dame on those teams' home courts, they showed that the home court advantage can be overcome anywhere and that it doesn't take a super team to do it ''.

By 407, the estrangement between the eastern and western courts had become so bitter that it threatened civil war.

By contrast, in civil law jurisdictions ( the legal tradition that prevails in, or is combined with common law in, Europe and most non-Islamic, non-common law countries ), courts lack authority to act where there is no statute, and judicial precedent is given less interpretive weight ( which means that a judge deciding a given case has more freedom to interpret the text of a statute independently, and less predictably ), and scholarly literature is given more.

By the late 1870s, however, croquet had been eclipsed by another fashionable game, tennis, and many of the newly-created croquet clubs, including the All England club at Wimbledon, converted some or all of their lawns into tennis courts.

By 1947, there would be approximately 22, 000 motor courts in operation in the US alone ; a typical 50-room motel in that era cost $ 3000 per room in initial construction costs, compared to $ 12, 000 per room for metropolitan city hotel construction.

By definition, decisions of lower courts are not binding on courts higher in the system, nor are appeals court decisions binding on local courts that fall under a different appeals court.

By the 18th century, however, dhimmis frequently attended the Ottoman Muslim courts, where cases were taken against them by Muslims, or they took cases against Muslims or other dhimmis.

By law, however, Congress may allow the President, heads of executive departments, or the courts to appoint inferior officials.

By the middle of the 14th century these Freischöffen ( Latin scabini ), sworn associates of the Fehme, were scattered in thousands throughout the length and breadth of Germany, known to each other by secret signs and pass-words, and all of them pledged to serve the summons of the secret courts and to execute their judgment.

By the action of the Emperor Maximilian and of other German princes they were, in the 16th century, once more restricted to Westphalia, and here, too, they were brought under the jurisdiction of the ordinary courts, and finally confined to mere police duties.

" By the end of the 16th century, however, patronage was split among many areas: the Catholic Church, Protestant churches and courts, wealthy amateurs, and music printing — all were sources of income for composers.

By sheer tenacity of purpose, Bestuzhev had extricated his country from the Swedish imbroglio ; reconciled his imperial mistress with the courts of Vienna and London ; enabled Russia to assert herself effectually in Poland, Turkey and Sweden ; and isolated the King of Prussia by forcing him into hostile alliances.

By 1899 the Germans placed advisors at the courts of local chiefs.

By the end of his reign, some earls held courts of their own and even minted their own coins, against the wishes of the king.

By removing the jurisdiction of federal courts, including the Supreme Court, from cases involving the Pledge, this legislation sets a dangerous precedent: threatening religious liberty, compromising the vital system of checks and balances upon which our government was founded, and granting Congress the authority to strip the courts ' jurisdiction on any issue it wishes.

By 2001, all 58 counties had consolidated their courts into a single Superior Court.

By 1965, as it was reaching the courts, the preliminaries of the lawsuit had caused the stock value of National to be depressed.

By 1950 Toyon had two tennis courts, an outdoor basketball court, a Community Center, green lawns, concrete side walks, commercial water and power from Shasta Dam, its own sewage treatment plant, and its own landfill.

By law, constables keep and preserve the peace within the county ; advise justice court judges or other officers of all riots, routs, unlawful assemblies, and violations of the penal laws ; execute and return all processes directed to them by any county, chancery or circuit court ( not just the Justice Courts ); and attend the justices ' courts of their districts.

By the Song Dynasty ( 960-1279 AD ), puppets played to all social classes including the courts, yet puppeteers, as in Europe, were considered to be from a lower social stratum.