By 1985, Kemp was a leading contender for the 1988 Presidential nomination.

By 1994, Kemp had embarked on 241 fund-raising dinners to raise $ 35 million for a 1996 Presidential bid and to pay off his 1988 campaign debts.

By adopting primary voting, the field of candidates for Vice President was expanded by both the increased quantity and quality of presidential candidates successful in some primaries, yet who ultimately failed to capture the Presidential nomination at the convention.

* Holt, Michael F. By One Vote: The Disputed Presidential Election of 1876.

By June 29, 1892, Bellamy and Upham had arranged for Congress and President Benjamin Harrison to announce a proclamation making the public school flag ceremony the center of the Columbus Day celebrations ( this was issued as Presidential Proclamation 335 ).

By Presidential Decree, the APPF is mandated to replace all non-diplomatic private security companies by 20 March 2013 to become the sole provider of pay-for-service security contracts within Afghanistan.

By 1980, Uganda was governed by an interim Presidential Commission.

By the 1996 Presidential election, some variation of the punched card system was used by 37. 3 % of registered voters in the United States.

By 1844, he was debating for Presidential candidate James K. Polk.

By the summer of 1933, two of old wartime subordinates of Calles had risen to the top of the party: Manuel Pérez Treviño and Lázaro Cárdenas Calles sought to have Trevino be the party's nominee at the time, seeing that he would be the most likely to continue his policies, but soon caved into pressure from party officials and agreed to support the popular land reformer Cárdenas as the PNR's presidential candidate in the 1934 Mexican Presidential election.

By successfully defending Seoul from continued attack from May to July 1953, the division earned its second Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation.

By the US Presidential election in 1980, that number had increased to 1, 000 active clubs, helping Reagan win 98 of 105 mock elections and recruiting thousands of voters.

By the 1840 US Presidential election, Crosby was " an ardent Democrat " and wrote verse against the Whig candidate ( and ultimate winner ), William Henry Harrison.

By contrast, Democratic Presidential candidate John Kerry got 53 % of the district's vote that year.

By 1935, the Specially Meritorious Service Medal had adopted the status of a commemorative medal ; as late as 1942 it still appeared on official US Navy award precedence charts, between the Purple Heart and Presidential Unit Citation.

By the time of the dedication of the Bartlet Presidential Library in New Hampshire three years later, Will is a Congressman representing the Oregon 4th and sits on the powerful Ways and Means Committee.

By virtue of Presidential Decree No. 1033 ( the 1976 Amendments to the Constitution ) the National Assembly was replaced by the Interim Batasang Pambansa which carried all the powers inherent from the dissolved body.

By December 1965 over six million had been sold, and US Presidential adviser McGeorge Bundy had five dozen Super Balls shipped to the White House for the amusement of the staff.

By contrast, former Presidential candidate Rev.

By 1997 Kenneth Matiba and Martin Shikuku disagreed on a number of matters resulting in Matiba's departure from the party, his destruction of his voter's card and refusal to stand in the 1997 Presidential Elections.

By the evening of June 22, the Lithuanians controlled the Presidential Palace, post office, telephone and telegraph, radio station and radiophone.

By virtue of the Presidential Decree No. 1599 issued by President Ferdinand Marcos on June 1978, the Philippines claims an Exclusive Economic Zone ( EEZ ) up to from the baselines from which their territorial sea is measured.

By the next school year, national attention focused on the Presidential campaign.

* April 17 – By Proclamation of the Queen of Canada on Parliament Hill, Canada patriates its constitution, gaining full political independence from the United Kingdom ; included is the country's first entrenched bill of rights.

* April 1 – A Proclamation, signed " By order of the Committee of Organisation for forming a Provisional Government ", begins the " Radical War " in Scotland.

By the Declaration of Independence the Dáil ratified the earlier Easter Proclamation of 1916.

Now Therefore, We The Government of Rhodesia, in humble submission to Almighty God who controls the destinies of nations, conscious that the people of Rhodesia have always shown unswerving loyalty and devotion to Her Majesty the Queen and earnestly praying that we and the people of Rhodesia will not be hindered in our determination to continue exercising our undoubted right to demonstrate the same loyalty and devotion, and seeking to promote the common good so that the dignity and freedom of all men may be assured, Do, By This Proclamation, adopt, enact and give to the people of Rhodesia the Constitution annexed hereto ;

By the Royal Proclamation of 1763, Canada ( part of New France ) was renamed the Province of Quebec.

By the January 1, 1863 Emancipation Proclamation, his brother John ( Mease ) Butler lost nearly 500 slaves to freedom.

By the Haldimand Proclamation of October 25, 1784, the government granted a reserve of land to the Mohawk Nation and Six Nations Indians in appreciation of their support for The Crown during the revolution.

By Proclamation No. 1 ( 1945 ), the Supreme Allied Commander South East Asia established the British Military Administration which assumed full judicial, legislative, executive and administrative powers and responsibilities and conclusive jurisdiction over all persons and property throughout such areas of Malaya as were at any given time under the control of forces under his command.

By Proclamation No. 23 ( 1945 ), the Deputy Chief Civil Affairs Officer for the Singapore Division provided that every conviction of any offence by a tribunal established by the Japanese Military Administration was quashed, and any judgment convicting or purporting to convict any person or any offence was set aside.

By May 1865, Eppes had taken the Amnesty Oath, but found that his wealth excluded him from benefits of the Amnesty Proclamation.

' By that time any special claims that the Port Phillip Association may have had to the land at Port Phillip Bay were dashed by Governor Bourke's Proclamation of 26 August 1835.

By tradition, a copy of the Royal Proclamation is delivered by hand from the Privy Council Office to Mansion House in the City of London and is then read out by the Serjeant-at-Arms of the City on the steps of the Royal Exchange in the heart of the City, ahead of it also being read out in the London boroughs.

By virtue of said law, President Manuel A. Roxas issued Presidential Proclamation No. 44 on October 20, 1947, thus making Tubay regain its township status.

By 1773, Virginia was still searching for land to satisfy grants and bounties, and was still struggling with the details of the Proclamation of 1763.

By the morning of Sunday 2 April copies of the Proclamation were displayed throughout Glasgow.

The Proclamation, signed " By order of the Committee of Organisation for forming a Provisional Government.

By December, 1958, when ' Abdallah Ibrahim became President of the Council, elections had even greater importance.

By 1975, after a failed uprising by the Muslim Youth, President Daoud Khan started to dissociate himself from the Soviet Union and the communist party of Afghanistan.

By 1967, when a military junta had seized power in Greece, the political impetus for enosis had faded, partly as a result of the non-aligned foreign policy of Cypriot President Makarios.

By 1939 Nissan's operations had moved to Manchuria, then under Japanese occupation, where its founder and President, Yoshisuke Ayukawa, established the Manchurian Motor Company to manufacture military trucks.

By November the Deputy General Minister and President, William Howland, suggested that the committee's staff consultant and chairperson agree on a specific proposal and bring it back to the committee: that meant Robert L. Friedly of the Office of Interpretation and Ronald E. Osborn.

By that time, there was great concern that the national deficit had risen dangerously and President Ronald Reagan had declared that a vast amount of government spending was being misused through waste and fraud.

By 1798, relations with France had deteriorated to the point that war seemed imminent, and on July 4, 1798, President Adams offered Washington a commission as lieutenant general and Commander-in-chief of the armies raised or to be raised for service in a prospective war.

By 1989 President Callejas's broad economic goal became to return Honduran economic growth to 1960-80 levels.

By 1991 President Callejas had achieved modest success in controlling inflation.

By 1989 and the election of President Callejas, however, a heavy toll had been taken by regionwide economic recession, civil war in neighboring countries, the drying up of most external credit, and capital flight equaling more than US $ 1. 5 billion.

By 1932, power had shifted to such an extent that the German President, Paul von Hindenburg, was able to dismiss a chancellor and select his own person for the job, even though the outgoing chancellor possessed the confidence of the Reichstag while the new chancellor did not.

By Spring 1810, President Madison was specifically asking Congress for more appropriations to increase the Army and Navy in preparation for war with Britain.

By June 2003, the lower house of Parliament announced that President Akayev and two other " puppet " leaders of Kyrgyzstan, from the Soviet era, would be given lifetime immunity from prosecution, raising the prospect of Akayev finally stepping down.

By decree of the President of the Italian Republic of 2 June 2010, Kabir Bedi was officially knighted.

By a law that took effect in April 1990, the EPS became subordinate to President Chamorro as commander in chief.

By Executive Order of the President of the United States, the Purple Heart was revived on the 200th Anniversary of George Washington's birth, out of respect to his memory and military achievements, by War Department General Orders No. 3, dated February 22, 1932.

By 1941, President Roosevelt and Prime Minister King made an executive agreement to build the joint hydro and navigation works, but this too failed to receive the assent of Congress.

By 1998, simultaneous with Montenegrin Prime Minister Milo Đukanović coming out on top in the power struggle with Montenegrin President Momir Bulatović, the republic undertook a different economic policy by adopting the Deutsche Mark as its currency.

By the end of August a Solidarity-led coalition government was formed and in December 1990 Wałęsa was elected President of Poland.

By a law signed on March 3, 1931 by President Herbert Hoover, " The Star-Spangled Banner " was adopted as the national anthem of the United States.

By the time of their inauguration, the President and Vice President must be:

By law, however, Congress may allow the President, heads of executive departments, or the courts to appoint inferior officials.

At his inauguration George Washington declared in his Inaugural Address: " By the article establishing the executive department it is made the duty of the President " to recommend to your consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient.

By becoming President under current terms, Grant would at best leave the office at age 56 with no income, assuming he served two terms.