By the end of the century the Roman Catholic Church was beginning to make itself felt, mainly through such institutions as hospitals but also through its attitude towards organized labour.

By picturing Roman authority negatively proponents of this view believe that it is emphasizing the fact that Christian ’ s should obey and submit to Christ ’ s authority ( Acts 4: 19-20 ; 5: 29 ).

By the early 5th century Britain had been Roman for over three hundred and fifty years.

By the 5th century AD, Rome was in decline and the Roman predecessor town of Alicante, known as Lucentum ( Latin ), was more or less under the control of the Visigothic warlord Theudimer.

By the mid-nineteenth century there were Wesleyan, Primitive Methodist, United Free Methodist, Congregationalist, Baptist, Swedenborgian, Unitarian, Roman Catholic and Catholic Apostolic churches in the town.

By the Roman period brass was being deliberately produced from metallic copper and zinc minerals using the cementation process and variations on this method continued until the mid 19th century.

By the first century BC brass was available in sufficient supply to use as coinage in Phrygia and Bithynia, and after the Augustan currency reform of 23 BC it was also used to make Roman dupondii and sestertii.

By the time of the rediscovery of the Roman law in Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries, the common law had already developed far enough to prevent a Roman law reception as it occurred on the continent.

" By the time of Justinian ( reigned 527-565 ), Roman Law recognized a range of corporate entities under the names universitas, corpus or collegium.

By 6, Domitian's mother and sister had long died, while his father and brother were continuously active in the Roman military, commanding armies in Germania and Judaea.

By the Roman period, however, the sacrifices were performed in the mid-afternoon.

By the first century BC Germanic languages had become prevalent, and the inhabitants were called Belgæ while the area was the coastal district of Gallia Belgica, the most northeastern province of the Roman Empire at its height.

By Roman custom, February 24 is the day added to a leap year in the Julian calendar.

By the devotio of a voluntary oath, a slave might achieve the quality of a Roman ( Romanitas ), become the embodiment of true virtus ( manliness, or manly virtue ), and paradoxically, be granted missio while remaining a slave.

By AD 100, the time of Tacitus's Germania, Germanic tribes settled along the Roman frontier at the Rhine and the Danube ( the Limes Germanicus ), occupying most of the area of modern Germany ; however, Austria, southern Bavaria, and the western Rhineland were Roman provinces.

By the end of the Roman Empire, having undergone Christian attack and repression, Epicureanism had all but died out, and would be resurrected in the 17th century by the atomist Pierre Gassendi, who adapted it to the Christian doctrine.

By 407 there were no new Roman coins going into circulation, and by 430 it is likely that coinage as a medium of exchange had been abandoned.

By the 3rd century, Pagans Hill Roman Temple in Somerset was able to exist peaceably and it did so into the 5th century.

* Roman London-" In their own words " By Kevin Flude

By contrast it was continually read and taught in the Greek-speaking Eastern Roman Empire where the majority of the classics also survived.

By 1212 John had successfully concluded alliances with Renault of Dammartin, who controlled Boulogne, and Count Ferdinand of Flanders, as well as Otto IV, a contender for the crown of Holy Roman Emperor in Germany ; Otto was also John's nephew.

By the 5th century, when the public performance of pagan rites had been outlawed, a nominally Christian Roman populace still clung to the Lupercalia in the time of Pope Gelasius I ( 494 – 96 ).

By 69, when the Batavians, the original inhabitants of the Rhine and Maas delta, revolted, a village called Oppidum Batavorum had formed near the Roman camp.

`` By God '', Waddell said, `` we don't want to upset the boy at this time of all times.

By means of charts showing wave-travel times and depths in the ocean at various locations, it is possible to estimate the rate of approach and probable time of arrival at Hawaii of a tsunami getting under way at any spot in the Pacific.

By rough estimate her Committee, headed by Henry Francis Du Pont, contains three times as many Republicans as Democrats.

By working very hard, one may be able to make this part 5 times faster, but this only reduces the time for the whole computation by a little.

By 1971, 12 percent of the total area of South Vietnam had been sprayed with defoliating chemicals, at an average concentration of 13 times the recommended USDA application rate for domestic use.

By 1971, 12 percent of the total area of South Vietnam had been sprayed with defoliating chemicals, at an average concentration of 13 times the recommended USDA application rate for domestic use.

* HBP = times Hit By a Pitch

By having two different temporal positive feedback loops or “ dual-time switches ” allows for ( a ) increased regulation: two switches that have independent changeable activation and deactivation times ; and ( b ) linked feedback loops on multiple timescales can filter noise.

By attempting to predict which branch ( or path ) a conditional instruction will take, the CPU can minimize the number of times that the entire pipeline must wait until a conditional instruction is completed.

By 1700, it had been reprinted 15 times in Italian, and was translated in Dutch, English, French, German, Russian and Spanish.

By comparison, the former colony of the United Province of Canada ( divided into the District of Canada East, and the District of Canada West ) and the western provinces were dozens of times larger and in some cases were expanded to take in territory formerly held in British Crown grants to companies such as the Hudson's Bay Company ; in particular the November 19, 1869 sale of Rupert's Land to the Government of Canada under the Rupert's Land Act 1868 was facilitated in part by Maritime taxpayers.

By way of contrast, when introduced in 1985, the Amiga had compared favorably against 286-based systems with EGA graphics and rudimentary sound capabilities that frequently cost 2 – 3 times as much.

By contrast, if the same historian had made the same claim five times in five different places ( and no other types of evidence were available ), the claim is much weaker because it originates from a single source.

By the late 1970s the good times were over for both downtown and local businesses and industries.

By the 1st century AD, cattle and horses were used in mills, driving machines similar to those powered by humans in earlier times.

By constructing a calibration curve of the ID of species ' pairs with known divergence times in the fossil record, the data could be used as a molecular clock to estimate the times of divergence of pairs with poorer or unknown fossil records.

By the early monarchy El and Yahweh had become unified and Asherah did not continue as a separate state cult, although she continued to be popular at a community level until Persian times.

By 1970, kickboxing was telecast in Japan on three different channels three times weekly.

By the end of his first season with Liverpool, Dalglish had played 62 times and scored 31 goals, including the winning goal in the 1978 European Cup Final final at Wembley against Bruges.

By the fifth to 4th centuries BC, the island had grown to an estimated population of over 120, 000 ( two to three times the estimated population in 2005 ), and based on the huge necropoli at the main city of Chios, the asty, it is thought the majority lived in that area.

By the time the final single " Wasting Time " was released the album had sold 7 million albums, Devil Without A Cause was certified 11 times platinum by the RIAA on April 17, 2003.

By 1970, the city had a total area of approximately, more than five times its size in 1940.

By the 11 th century these early religious times matured into diplomatic ties.

Keyboard macros have in more recent times come to life as a method of exploiting the economy of massively multiplayer online role-playing game ( MMORPG ) s. By tirelessly performing a boring, repetitive, but low risk action, a player running a macro can earn a large amount of the game's currency or resources.