By 1834, the population of Columbus was 4, 000 people, officially elevating it to " city " status.

By 1934, the self-aggrandizing Todt had succeeded in elevating this office to near cabinet rank.

By this time l ' affaire Lafarge had generated so much interest that the curious arrived from all over Europe to watch her murder trial, elevating it to a cause célèbre.

By elevating DeSoto, it received Chrysler's streamlined 1934 Airflow bodies.

By definition, where a director enters into a transaction with a company, there is a conflict between the director's interest ( to do well for himself out of the transaction ) and his duty to the company ( to ensure that the company gets as much as it can out of the transaction ).

By 1574 there were castrati in the Ducal court chapel at Munich, where the Kapellmeister ( music director ) was the famous Orlando di Lasso.

By the mid-1930s, Cukor was not only established as a prominent director but, socially, as an unofficial head of Hollywood's gay subculture.

By 1996, Kemp had been named a director of six corporate boards.

By the time of Wisdom, he's the director of MI6 and has been knighted ; he believes MI-13 to be a doomed organisation and that MI6 should handle the " weird happenings ", to the extent of keeping things from the rival agency.

By 1986, the party's position appeared to strengthen further with excellent local election results and a thorough rebranding of the party under the direction of Kinnock's director of communications Peter Mandelson.

By contrast, Susan Shentall, as Juliet, was a secretarial student who was discovered by the director in a London pub, and was cast for her " pale sweet skin and honey-blonde hair ".

By 1822 he was in the class of the director Nicolò Zingarelli, studying the masters of the Neapolitan school and the orchestral works of Haydn and Mozart.

By 1998, Petersen was an established Hollywood director, with the power to both re-release his classic Das Boot in a new director's cut and to helm star-studded action-thrillers.

By 1931, much of Mohenjo-Daro had been excavated, but excavations continued, such as that led by Sir Mortimer Wheeler, director of the Archaeological Survey of India in 1944.

By way of example, the actor / writer / director Albert Brooks was born " Albert Einstein " and changed his surname so that his name would not be a distraction that would evoke the renowned physicist of the same name.

An 1824 draft on the Bank written and signed by Daniel Webster, its attorney and the director of the Boston branch. By the time of Jackson's inauguration in 1829, the national bank appeared to be on solid footing.

By contrast, Korol Lir has been praised, for example by critic Anikst Alexander, for the " serious, deeply thoughtful " even " philosophical approach " of director Grigori Kozintsev and writer Boris Pasternak.

By contrast, the BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is personally awarded to the producers and director — that award's rules specifically state that the nomination is limited to a maximum of three producers plus the director ( s ).

By the early 1990s, BBC director John Birt decided that departments were to charge each other and bid against each other for services and to cut those which couldn't make enough revenue to cover their costs.

By the time Adrian Boult succeeded Pitt as director of music for the BBC, the violinist Albert Sammons and the violist Lionel Tertis had gone round the country talent-spotting on behalf of the corporation.

Maggie frequently cited her performance in the movie As Tears Go By ( 1988 ), her first of many collaborations with film director Wong Kar-wai 王家衛, as the piece that truly began her serious acting career.

By 2001, the orchestra had debt of $ 7 million ( Canadian ), and both its executive director, Ed Smith, and Saraste had left the ensemble.

By February 2008 Burke's weight was estimated at " well over 400 pounds ", by Aaron Greenwald, director of Duke Performances.

By 1939, Powell had been hired as a contract director by Alexander Korda on the strength of The Edge of the World.

By 1881 Watkins was director of nine railways and trustee of a tenth.

By, Reese was the Colonels regular shortstop and one of the top prospects in the minors, and so impressed Boston Red Sox farm director Billy Evans that he recommended the Red Sox buy the team.

By chance, in 1835, Carrel discovered Littré's skills as a writer and from that time on, he was a constant contributor to the journal, eventually becoming its director.

In an interview with Fellini's screenwriter Ennio Flaiano, he said the name came from the Italian translation based on a 1901 southern Italy travel narrative by Victorian writer George Gissing, By the Ionian Sea.

In his review for the Washington Post, Desson Howe wrote, " By aiming specifically – and accurately – at characters in their twenties, debuting screenwriter Helen Childress and first-time director Stiller achieve something even greater: they encapsulate an era ".

By the 7th, Wallace was dead, and Merian C. Cooper was left without a screenwriter.

Shindo made a series of autobiographical films, beginning with the first film he directed, 1951's Story of a Beloved Wife, about his struggle to become a screenwriter, through 1986's Tree Without Leaves, about his childhood, born into a wealthy family which became destitute, 2000's By Player, about his film company, seen through the eyes of his friend Taiji Tonoyama, and his last film, Postcard, directed at the age of 98, loosely based on his military service.

By the same means he perceives this fact as having communicated itself to the audience ; ;

By the same test predispositions destructive of human personality exercise their most sinister impact, with the result that men of good will are often trapped and nullified.

By this standard, it is determined that where two stations operating on the same frequency are involved, objectionable interference from station A exists at any point within the service area of station B where station A's signal is of an intensity one-twentieth or more of the strength of station B's signal at that point.

By 1937 he had clarified his intentions to serve his people: `` I have striven for clarity and melodious idiom, but at the same time I have by no means attempted to restrict myself to the accepted methods of harmony and melody.

By comparing reaction cells sealed from the same manifold temperature dependency corresponding to activation energies ranging from 11 to 18 Af was observed while dependence on the first power of the light intensity seemed to be indicated in most cases.

By this same combination of the will and the imagination, each one of us can learn to portray permanently the kind of character we would like to be.

By way of explanation we ourselves are prone to imagine that this achievement stems from the same American Catholic zeal and generosity which brought the parochial school system into existence.

By contrast, the cursive developed out of the Nabataean alphabet in the same period soon became the standard for writing Arabic, evolving into the Arabic alphabet as it stood by the time of the early spread of Islam.

By having three stations, a total of three different cars can be operated on at the same time, each one at a different stage of its assembly.

By comparison the Harvard Mark I could perform the same task in just six seconds.

By 300 BC, a punctuation symbol ( two slanted wedges ) was co-opted as a placeholder in the same Babylonian system.

By 1997, the refinery reached the same rate of production it was at before the war.

By comparison, the same index ranked neighbor Ukraine, 131st and Russia, 140th.

It continues to the present day in much the same format, but is now entitled " Beachcomber ", not " By the Way ".

By varying ability scores, the same system is used for a human hero as a trollish villain.

By avoiding stale views of memory, the CPUs can cooperate on the same program and programs can migrate from one CPU to another.

* By whether the same key is used for both encryption and decryption ( symmetric key algorithms ), or if a different key is used for each ( asymmetric key algorithms ).

By the same time, the Croatian Adriatic coast had taken shape as an internationally popular tourist destination, all coastal republics ( but mostly SR Croatia ) profited greatly from this, as tourist numbers reached levels still unsurpassed in modern Croatia.

By contrast, several countries can also use the same currency ( for example, the euro ), or one country can declare the currency of another country to be legal tender.

By the same principle when the pH is too high, the kidneys excrete bicarbonate ( HCO < sub > 3 </ sub >< sup >-</ sup >) into urine as urea via the Urea Cycle ( aka the Krebs-Henseleit Ornithine Cycle ).

By the same construction, every locally compact Hausdorff space X is a dense subspace of a compact Hausdorff space having at most one point more than X ..

By the same token, Mu is thought of as " Tree " rather than " Wood ".

By the 1990s, the US had adopted the M4 carbine, a derivative of the M16 family which fired the same 5. 56mm cartridge but was lighter and shorter ( in overall length and barrel length ), resulting in marginally reduced range and power.

By the end of January 1918, the Investigatory Commission of Petrograd Soviet ( probably same as of Revtribunal ) petitioned Sovnarkom to delineate the role of detection and judicial-investigatory organs.

By 916 fleets under Sihtric Cáech and Ragnall, said to be grandsons of Ímar ( that is, they belonged to the same Uí Ímair kindred as the Ímar who was killed in 904 ), were very active in Ireland.