By employing students Telemann took away a major resource for Kuhnau's choir ( and church music in Leipzig in general ); Kuhnau was also concerned that students were too frequently performing in operas, leaving them with less time to devote to church music.

By the end of the war, MIT became the nation's largest wartime R & D contractor ( attracting some criticism of Bush ), employing nearly 4000 in the Radiation Laboratory alone and receiving in excess of $ 100 million ($ billion in 2012 dollars ) before 1946.

By the late 1920s, however, those employing only optical and electronic technologies were being explored.

By contrast, later, post-V2 engine designs not employing this alcohol boundary layer cooling show a translucent plume with shock diamonds.

By the first century BC, the " classic " villa took many architectural forms, with many examples employing atrium or peristyle, for enclosed spaces open to light and air.

By employing powerful staging techniques, and harmonising stage design, language, music and choreography, Reinhardt introduced new dimensions into German theatre.

By the early 1990s, some mainstream politicians began employing anti-immigration rhetoric.

By the 1850s the Press was using steam-powered machine presses, employing two to three hundred people, and occupying several buildings in the Silver Street and Mill Lane area, including the one that the Press still occupies, the Pitt Building ( 1833 ), which was built specifically for the Press and in honour of William Pitt the Younger.

By studying several different tribes of the Western Pacific ( employing the method of comparison, popular in ethnography ), Malinowski gave confirmations of Lewis Morgan's idea that matriarchy ( gyneocracy ) was a common feature of primitive societies at early stages, and that female rule needed matrilineality for its existence.

By Kant's account, when we employ a concept to describe or categorize noumena ( the objects of inquiry, investigation or analysis of the workings of the world ), we are in fact employing a way of describing or categorizing phenomena ( the observable manifestations of those objects of inquiry, investigation or analysis ).

By contrast, the origin in post-War Britain, while employing irony and parody, was more academic with a focus on the dynamic and paradoxical imagery of American popular culture as powerful, manipulative symbolic devices that were affecting whole patterns of life, while improving prosperity of a society.

By 1917, the mines around Bearcreek were employing 1, 200 men.

By 1892, 21 firms were engaged in that trade, employing over 3, 700 people in plants that produced about 4. 8 million hats, which had a combined value in excess of $ 1 million.

By 1916, Portsmouth was listed as being a major industrial and jobbing center, with it being the fourth largest shoe manufacturing center in the country, the largest manufacturer of fire and paving bricks in the United State, having a steel mill employing over a thousand, and having over 100 other manufacturing companies producing goods from furniture to engines.

By 1939, it had over 7, 000 paid employees and 135, 000 voluntary workers, organized into divisions covering such areas as sport, education, and tourism, with wardens in every factory and workshop employing more than 20 people.

By 1810 Maudslay was employing eighty workers and running out of room at his workshop, so he moved to larger premises in Westminster Road, Lambeth.

By employing six degrees of movement, the player is given additional control for vertical movement and banking, introducing more movement controls than traditional FPS games.

By 1863 a committee had been formed, and with aid from central government, land was purchased with the intention of employing local cotton workers to construct Alexandra Park, which opened on 28 August 1865.

By the time Bowra left Cheltenham College, his father was Chief Secretary of the Customs Service, residing in Beijing with a household employing thirty servants.

By " breeding the best to the best ," employing a certain degree of inbreeding, considerable culling, and selection for " superior " qualities, one could develop a bloodline superior in certain respects to the original base stock.

By the late 19th century, the printers and bookbinders, Hazell, Watson and Viney and the Nestlé dairy were the two main employers in the town, employing more than half the total population.

By 1953, however, he followed others in thus employing the word punishment, and he re-cast negative reinforcement for the removal of aversive stimuli.

By 1836 there were ' almost no cotters ' with the largest farms employing no more than ten people, and some of those only as maid servants.

By employing heavy artillery, machine guns, and planes of the Mexican Air Force to shell, bomb, and strafe Yaqui villages, Mexican authorities eventually prevailed.

By the 19th century, the standardisation of British English was more settled than it had been in the previous century, and this relatively well-established English was brought to Africa, Asia and New Zealand.

By the seventeenth century it was well-established and had been documented by Jesuit priests, although the game has undergone many modifications since that time.

By the 16th century, records indicate that a well-established wine industry on the island supplied these ships with wine for the long voyages across the sea.

By Aiden ’ s death in 651, the Christian faith was becoming well-established in the area.

By this time Holt had a well-established market and two annual fairs which were held on the 25th of April and the 25th of November.

By then his style had become well-established in the public eye.

By the mid-17th century, the industry here had become well-established.

By creating a stronger Hellenistic state, Mithridates was to contend with the well-established Roman foothold in Europe.

By now he had joined the well-established disco boom, and had further singles on 20th Century Records.

By the 17th century the first Europeans found them well-established as a hunter-gatherer society in control of the river.

" By the late 1970s, there were well-established companies offering bicycle messenger services in many major cities in the U. S.

By the 13th century there was a well-established system of castle-guards in place, under which various lands around York were granted in return for the provision of knights and crossbowmen to assist in protecting the castle.

By well-established trade and military routes across the Great Lakes, the British continued to supply not only their own troops but a wide alliance of Native American nations through Detroit, Fort Niagara, Fort Michilimackinac, and so on, until these posts were turned over to the United States following the Jay Treaty ( 1794 ).

By 1937, the ULA had several well-established and functional zones including:

By this time the debt had been cleared and the number of brothers had grown from 58 in 1860 to 133, and there were nine well-established communities working among the poor in Belgium, England and the United States.

By the onset of World War II, the city had several well-established industries, including shipbuilding, furniture manufacture, and the manufacture of fur and leather goods.

By the second half of the 1800s, the scientific study of psychology was becoming well-established in university laboratories.

By the mid-1980s, SV Bayer 04 Leverkusen had played their way into the upper half of the league table and were well-established there by the end of the decade.

By this time, reading codes-chiefly Braille and New York Point-had gained favor among educators as embossed letters ( such as Moon type were said by some to be difficult to learn and cumbersome to use, and so ( DOT CODES ) were either newly created or imported from well-established schools in Europe.

By the time of Julius Caesar, several well-established combined land-sea trade routes depended upon water transport through the Sea around the rough inland terrain features to its north.

By the time he entered the Royal Navy in March 1718, aged 13, his father was a well-established admiral at the peak of a uniformly successful career, who since supporting King William III in his successful bid to be crowned King of England in 1689 had seen his stature and fortune grow.

By the mid-1850s pastoral runs in the western Riverina were well-established and prosperous.

By the middle of the 11th century, Christianity had become well-established in Norway and had become dominant by the middle of the 12th century.

By World War II the role of " war poet " was so well-established in the public mind that " Where are the war poets?