By estimating the overall cost of health care expenses, a routine finance structure ( such as a monthly premium or annual tax ) can be developed, ensuring that money is available to pay for the health care benefits specified in the insurance agreement.

By estimating the variable's magnitude and noting the time of observation a visual lightcurve can be constructed.

By analogy with their navigational use, the words dead reckoning are also used to mean the process of estimating the value of any variable quantity by using an earlier value and adding whatever changes have occurred in the meantime.

By accurate estimating prevailing and emerging traffic conditions, this technology is expected to allow variable pricing, together with improved overall traffic management, including the provision of information in advanced to alert drivers about conditions ahead, and the prices being charged at that moment.

By estimating the overall risk of health care expenses among a targeted group, an insurer can develop a routine finance structure, such as a monthly premium or payroll tax, to ensure that money is available to pay for the health care benefits specified in the insurance agreement.

By estimating where the marginal revenue curve of the luxury segment crosses the actual rental value of the midsize car segment the company can decide how many luxury cars to make available to midsize car renters.

By both standards Thomas had the right to be proud.

By this time Churchill was not so cordial toward moving Poland westward as he had been at Teheran, where he and Eden had both heartily approved the idea.

By and large their programs are satisfactorily connected both to the employment situation and to the realities of the apprentice system.

By seeing such varied places, both interesting and beautiful, you will become aware of the many different civilizations Rome has lived through, and in particular, get a feel of Renaissance Rome.

By trying to be both a serious survey of a bygone era and a showcase for today's artists, the program turned out to be a not-quite-perfect example of either.

By this consideration atomic physics provides the underlying theory in plasma physics and atmospheric physics, even though both deal with very large numbers of atoms.

By contrast, the Rijndael specification per se is specified with block and key sizes that may be any multiple of 32 bits, both with a minimum of 128 and a maximum of 256 bits.

The largest species are red alder ( A. rubra ) on the west coast of North America, and black alder ( A. glutinosa ), native to most of Europe and widely introduced elsewhere, both reaching over 30 m. By contrast, the widespread Alnus viridis ( green alder ) is rarely more than a 5 m tall shrub.

By Endeïs Aeacus had two sons, Telamon and Peleus ( father of Achilles ), and by Psamathe a son, Phocus, whom he preferred to the two others, both of whom contrived to kill Phocus during a contest, and then fled from their native island.

By 1871 both ʿAlī Pasha and Fuʿād Pasha were dead.

By the mid-1960s, both systems showed enough promise to start development of base selection for a limited ABM system dubbed Sentinel.

By October he had taken a prospective hijacker Mushabib al-Hamlan from Afghanistan to Saudi Arabia where they both procured B-1 / B-2 tourist / business visas on October 28 – but Hamlan then decided not to proceed and is thought to have returned to his family.

By the turn of the century, cycling clubs flourished on both sides of the Atlantic, and touring and racing became widely popular.

By both chance and providence, Ruth, a destitute, widowed and childless outsider, becomes an ancestress of King David ( Ruth 4: 13 ).

By managing the European and African populations as one-by strategic exports from Europe combined with in-situ transfers, gene-loss is reduced to 0. 72 % every 100 years with both populations remaining stable.

By 16: 00, Alexander and Swiftsure were also in sight, although some distance from the main British fleet, and Brueys gave orders to abandon the plan to remain at anchor and instead for his line to set sails, although Blanquet protested the order on the grounds that there were not enough men aboard the French ships to both sail the ships and man the guns.

By 1910 both factions together had fewer than 100, 000 members.

By late February 1896, supplies on both sides were running low.

By 1938 the couple had drifted apart, as both focussed heavily on their work.

* By whether the same key is used for both encryption and decryption ( symmetric key algorithms ), or if a different key is used for each ( asymmetric key algorithms ).

By adopting a moderately liberal constitution in 1828, Pinto alienated both the federalists and the liberal factions.

By the early twentieth century, both parties were winning increasing numbers of seats in Congress.

By choosing widely separated keys, one could employ one dimple as a ' shift ' key to allow both letters and numbers to be produced.

* By Kanten Clay Studio as a natural ingredient to form modelling clay for young children to play with.

By varying the ratio of graphite to clay, the hardness of the graphite rod could also be varied.

By the 12th century Italian flutes came in a variety of sizes, and fragments of 12th-century Norman bone whistles have been found in Ireland, and an intact 14 cm Tusculum clay whistle from the 14th century in Scotland.

By the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the chief writing materials were clay tablets, silk cloth, and rolled scrolls made from bamboo strips sewn together with hempen string ; these were passed through drilled holes and secured with clay stamps.

By 246 BCE, Chinese officials were impressing their fingerprints into the clay seals used to seal documents.

By 1870, the clay industry employed 700 men making crocks, bricks, churns, pie plates, sewer pipes, jugs, vases, urns and many other specialty products.

By the eighteenth century, decorative hamons were often being combined with decorative folding techniques to produce entire landscapes, complete with specific islands, crashing waves, hills, mountains, rivers, and sometimes low spots were cut in the clay to produce niye far away from the hamon, creating effects such as birds in the sky.

By contrast, the principal ball clay workings were in the area between Corfe Castle and Wareham.

By the 1980s most of the usable clay and shale had been quarried.

By the time Arthur Ransome wrote his Bohemia in London in 1907, the group had already passed into legend: "... the Rhymer's Club used to meet, to drink from tankards, smoke clay pipes, and recite their own poetry ".

By this time, clay from a deposit on the land was already in use at the Belper Pottery.

By 1870 there were 13 brick and clay yards on the local waterways, exploiting the high-quality pleistocene clay in the area.

By then the clay figures had established looks and consistent sizes.

By driving novel chemical reactions at high temperatures, fire can even alter the texture and structure of soils by affecting the clay content and the soil's porosity.

By measuring the ratio of radioactive potassium and trapped argon gas, which was produced when the potassium decayed, scientists determined the age of the clay in the cave to be approximately 340 million years old, thereby making this cave complex the world's oldest known and dated open cave system.

By 1927, the highway system covered, of which were concrete, were asphalt, were gravel, shell or stone, and were clay or dirt.

By 1717, however, a competing production was set up at Vienna, as Samuel Stöltzel sold the secret recipe, which involved the use of kaolin, also known as china clay.