By the charter renewal in 1781 it was also the bankers ' bank – keeping enough gold to pay its notes on demand until 26 February 1797 when war had so diminished gold reserves that the government prohibited the Bank from paying out in gold.

By the 1970s the government adopted a policy of keeping employment artificially high in the declining industry.

By starting with an inertial frame, where Newton's laws of motion hold, and keeping track of how the time derivatives of a position vector change when transforming to a rotating reference frame, the various fictitious forces and their forms can be identified.

By keeping the entities separate, the handset is capable of responding to any combination of entity traffic, and this creates great flexibility in fixed network design without breaking full interoperability.

... By keeping all of the little people in focus, Coppola shows the variety of a young lawyer's life, where every client is necessary and most of them need a lot more than a lawyer.

By the time of Wisdom, he's the director of MI6 and has been knighted ; he believes MI-13 to be a doomed organisation and that MI6 should handle the " weird happenings ", to the extent of keeping things from the rival agency.

By tracking an index, an investment portfolio typically gets good diversification, low turnover ( good for keeping down internal transaction costs ), and extremely low management fees.

By using a counterweight, a cable would be lowered from geostationary orbit to the surface of Earth, while the counterweight was extended from the satellite away from Earth, keeping the cable constantly over the same spot on the surface of the Earth.

* By keeping high overall rate of utilization, it better amortizes the cost of a computer, especially an expensive one.

By 1937, the network took in $ 28, 700, 000 and had 114 affiliates, almost all of which cleared 100 % of network-fed programming, thus keeping ratings, and revenue, high.

By 1639 the exterior — which in keeping with the king's wish was reconstructed without major changes — was once again magnificent, but the interior never fully regained its former glory.

By keeping Li at the upper levels of the Party, China's leaders communicated to the world that the country remained stable and united.

By the autumn of 1559 several foreign princes were vying for the Queen's hand ; their impatient envoys came under the impression that Elizabeth was fooling them, " keeping Lord Robert's enemies and the country engaged with words until this wicked deed of killing his wife is consummated.

By not keeping any list of users and corresponding anonymizing labels for them, a remailer can ensure that any message that has been forwarded leaves no internal information behind that can later be used to break identity confidentiality.

" By adding height, now someone can grip the Tony, raise it over their head in triumph and not worry about keeping their grip.

By keeping the row number fixed, the second element changes more rapidly.

By keeping the source of the information hidden, I2P offers censorship resistance.

By the constitution of Basset, large advantages were secured to the tailleur, that is, literally, the dealer, or keeper of the bank, and so vast were his gains, that the privilege of keeping a bank at Basset, where the stakes were unlimited, was granted only to cadets or other members of great families, it being certain that a considerable fortune must be realised by the tailleur in a short time.

By 1972, the Nathan Hale Council became Nathan Hale District, but the camp still enjoyed keeping the name Nahaco in the newly formed Long Rivers Council.

By keeping buildings up to code, controlling illegal occupancies, monitoring the safety of living-areas and issuing licenses and permits, the department works to control the potential for dangerous situations.

By the end of 1941, all the ancient glass had been removed to various cellars in Cambridge for safe keeping.

By and by his visitor said that he would go away and return at some other time, as he feared that he was keeping the people outside.

By keeping away other species of fish, some pomacentrids encourage the growth of thick mats of algae within their territories, leading to the common name farmerfish.

By foraging, they believe they are keeping perfectly edible food from adding to landfill clutter and that can feed people and animals who might otherwise go hungry.

By 1834 the art of oratory had reached a very high level in the United States as a literary form.

By the very nature of the situation, it is the union which has been able to select the time and place to bring pressure upon management.

By themselves they may not be able to save the life on this planet, but without them there would be very little left worth saving.

By preying on the sick, by playing callously on the hopes of the desperate, by causing the sufferer to delay proper medical care, these medical ghouls create pain and misery by their very activity.

By this consideration atomic physics provides the underlying theory in plasma physics and atmospheric physics, even though both deal with very large numbers of atoms.

By filling the character pointer memory with values from zero to 1919 this essentially turned the text mode display into a very high resolution graphics mode, with the " font memory ", acting as the high resolution Raster graphics video memory.

By working very hard, one may be able to make this part 5 times faster, but this only reduces the time for the whole computation by a little.

By the early 1960s, the monument had grown very blackened from coal soot and automobile exhaust, and during 1965 – 1966 it was cleaned through bleaching.

As performer and producer he is very well known as KING BEE .. With his second floor filler Back By Dope Demand he scored one of the biggest hiphop hits.

By the 1st century CE, the inhabitants had developed relatively stable, organized societies and spoke languages very much related to the Cambodian or Khmer of the present day.

By this method each bull can serve very many cows, so only a very few of the purebred dairy male calves are needed to provide bulls for breeding.

By design, CITES regulates and monitors trade in the manner of a " negative list " such that trade in all species is permitted and unregulated unless the species in question appears on the Appendices or looks very much like one of those taxa.

By adopting the name Chung-cheng (" central uprightness "), he was choosing a name very similar to the name of Sun Yat-sen, who was ( and still is ) known among Chinese as Zhongshan ( 中山 — meaning " central mountain "), thus establishing a link between the two.

By 916 fleets under Sihtric Cáech and Ragnall, said to be grandsons of Ímar ( that is, they belonged to the same Uí Ímair kindred as the Ímar who was killed in 904 ), were very active in Ireland.

By the late Middle Ages these were a near-universal feature of Western churches, but are now very rare.

By World War I drum kits were characterized by very large bold marching bass drums and many percussion items suspended on and around them, and they became a central part of jazz music, specifically ( but not limited to ) dixieland.

By May 1683 the Ottoman threat to Emperor Leopold I's capital, Vienna, was very real.

By 1898 Georges Méliès was the largest producer of fiction films in France, and from this point onwards his output was almost entirely films featuring trick effects, which were very successful in all markets.

By 1918 the edges of ordinary circular irises were becoming very fuzzy when they were used in American films.

By 1918 we can find a shot of the sky being used to reflect the mood of one of the characters without specific explanation in The Gun Woman ( Frank Borzage ), but it must be emphasized that these examples are very rare, and did not either then, or within the next several years, constitute regular practice in the American cinema.

By 1918, two French mathematicians, Pierre Fatou and Gaston Julia, though working independently, arrived essentially simultaneously at results describing what are now seen as fractal behaviour associated with mapping complex numbers and iterative functions and leading to further ideas about attractors and repellors ( i. e., points that attract or repel other points ), which have become very important in the study of fractals ( see Figure 3 and Figure 4 ).

By 1667 Glasnevin had expanded-but not by very much ; it is recorded as containing 24 houses.

By April, complete motorcycles were in production on a very limited basis.