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By the 1730s, in most colonies religious minorities had obtained what contemporaries called religious toleration: " The policy of toleration relieved religious minorities of some physical punishments and some financial burdens, but it did not make them free from the indignities of prejudice and exclusion.
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By and 1730s
By the 1730s, the teaspoon as a unit of culinary measure had increased to of a tablespoon, but the apothecary unit of measure remained the same.
By the early 1730s Palladian style had triumphed as the generally-accepted manner for a British country house or public building.
By the 1730s, Ngāi Tahu had settled in Canterbury, including Banks Peninsula.
By the 1730s the Pennsylvanian Great Valley west of South Mountain was open to settlement after treaty cessions and purchases from the Indians.
By the 1730s Whitehaven had the deepest mines due to the necessity to drive ever deeper shafts to reach new seams of coal.
By the 1730s, the rating volunteer-per-order was phased out and replaced with a system where prospective midshipmen served as servants for officers.
By the 1730s, a resurgent Manipuri Kingdom had conquered the Kabaw Valley from the Burmese.
By the 1730s, the declining linen cloth business was being succeeded by considerable trade in linen yarn.
By the 1730s, they had spread into what was interpreted as a general outpouring of the Spirit that bathed the American colonies, England, Wales, and Scotland.
By the 1730s, a new operatic genre, opera buffa, emerged as an alternative to opera seria.
By the 1730s and 1740s the direction of instrumental works, often considered less important than vocal music, tended towards an overall two-part layout: the binary form.
By the 1730s Vardøhus had become decrepit.
By the 1730s, population pressure from expanding European colonies on the Atlantic coast compelled several groups of Native Americans to relocate to the Ohio Country.
By the 1730s, when Alexander Pope began to reject the " licentious " Restoration poets and other " Tory " writers gradually distanced themselves from the Cavalier wits, Gould's works fell out of publication and public consciousness.
By the 1730s and 1740s, the Sidelands area was subdivided into smaller house lots.
By the 1730s raids by Comanche, Ute, and Pawnee had decimated the Cuartelejo Apache.
By and most
By now Harmony could see that most of the adults in the train were winded and resting, or else siphoned off from the games by the challenging lure of the great cliff towering above them.
By the same test predispositions destructive of human personality exercise their most sinister impact, with the result that men of good will are often trapped and nullified.
By comparing reaction cells sealed from the same manifold temperature dependency corresponding to activation energies ranging from 11 to 18 Af was observed while dependence on the first power of the light intensity seemed to be indicated in most cases.
By all means the most important distinction is that between those total-cost apportionments which superimpose a distribution of admittedly unallocable cost residues on estimates of incremental or marginal costs, and those other apportionments which recognize no difference between true cost allocation and mere total-cost distribution.
By fall, 443 survivors of this arduous journey were clustered about Fort Snelling, but most of them were sent on to Galena and St. Louis, with a few going as far as Vevay, Indiana, a notable Swiss center in the United States.
By relaxing the throat muscles and expanding the oral cavity well into the frontal sinuses, she could direct the vowel sounds into the most felicitous position for proper reproduction through her throat microphone.
By 1850, Luanda was one of the greatest and most developed Portuguese cities in the vast Portuguese Empire outside Mainland Portugal, full of trading companies, exporting ( together with Benguela ) palm and peanut oil, wax, copal, timber, ivory, cotton, coffee, and cocoa, among many other products.
By the end of the 14th century, most of Anatolia was controlled by various Anatolian beyliks.
By some estimates, this might account for most of the internal radiation damage, as the recoil nuclei are typically heavy metals which preferentially collect on the chromosomes.
The largest species are red alder ( A. rubra ) on the west coast of North America, and black alder ( A. glutinosa ), native to most of Europe and widely introduced elsewhere, both reaching over 30 m. By contrast, the widespread Alnus viridis ( green alder ) is rarely more than a 5 m tall shrub.
By a probably euphonic inversion the translator of Irenaeus and the other Latin authors have Abraxas, which is found in the magical papyri, and even, though most sparingly, on engraved stones.
By the middle of the 19th century, industrialisation swept away most of the city's medieval rules of production and commerce, although the entirely corrupt remains of the city's mediæval constitution was kept in place ( compare the famous remarks of Georg Forster in his Ansichten vom Niederrhein ) until 1801, when Aachen became the " chef-lieu du département de la Roer " in Napoléon's First French Empire.
By the early 1960s, most of East and Central Africa, where the majority of the Ismāʿīlī population on the continent resided including Tanganyika, Kenya, Uganda, Malagasy, Rwanda, Burundi and Zaire, had attained their political independence.
By the time Alexios ascended the throne, the Seljuqs had taken most of Asia Minor.
By seeking close alliances with powerful noble families, Alexios put an end to the tradition of imperial exclusivity and coopted most of the nobility into his extended family and, through it, his government.
By 1094, Yusuf had annexed most major taifas, with the exception of the one at Zaragoza.
By the mid-16th century, they were in common use in most of Europe.
By the 1890s, the company was the largest and most profitable industrial enterprise in the world.
By a public decree, this fine work was placed in one of the stanze of the Vatican hitherto reserved for the most precious works of antiquity.
By contrast, while defendants in most civil law systems can be compelled to give a statement, this statement is not subject to cross-examination by the prosecutor and not given under oath.
By this time most had expected him to have wasted away, or to have gone insane in his solitary confinement.
By the time Marlborough had closed down the Ramillies campaign he had denied the French most of the Spanish Netherlands west of the Meuse and north of the Sambre – it was an unsurpassed operational triumph for the English Duke.
By the mid 1960s, binary addressing had become the standard architecture in most computer designs, and main memory sizes were most commonly powers of two.
By making these data available to local public health officials in real time, most models of anthrax epidemics indicate that more than 80 % of an exposed population can receive antibiotic treatment before becoming symptomatic, and thus avoid the moderately high mortality of the disease.
By and colonies
By the 18th century an increasing number of new plants had arrived in Europe from newly discovered countries and the European colonies worldwide and a larger number of plants became available for study.
By 2003, the Booby colonies on Clipperton boasted 25, 000 Brown Boobies and 112, 000 Masked Boobies, making the atoll the world's second-largest Brown Booby colony, and its largest Masked Booby colony.
By 1914, Europeans had migrated to the colonies in the millions.
By 1960, the vast majority of country-states were nominally democracies, although most of the world's populations lived in nations that experienced sham elections, and other forms of subterfuge ( particularly in Communist nations and the former colonies.
By the mid-16th century, the nesting colonies along the European side of the Atlantic were nearly all eliminated by humans killing this bird for its down, which was used to make pillows.
By 1842, four of the other American colonies were incorporated into Liberia, and one was destroyed by indigenous people.
By 1688, nearly all of Martinique's French Protestant population had escaped to the British American colonies or Protestant countries back home.
* 1802 – By the Law of 20 May 1802, Napoleon Bonaparte reinstates slavery in the French colonies, revoking its abolition in the French Revolution
By the 1670s, all New England colonies ( excepting Rhode Island ) had passed legislation that mandated literacy for children.
By the 3rd century BC, Rome had become the pre-eminent city of the Italian peninsula, having conquered and defeated the Sabines, the Etruscans, the Samnites and most of the Greek colonies in Sicily, Campania and Southern Italy in general.
By the aftermath of World War I the colonies where the cotton was grown started to purchase and manufacture significant quantities of cotton spinning machinery.
By 1880, sugar beet was the main source of sugar in Europe though the United Kingdom continued to import the main part of its sugar from its colonies.
By 1750, slavery was a legal institution in all of the 13 American colonies, and the profits of the slave trade and of West Indian plantations amounted to 5 % of the British economy at the time of the Industrial Revolution.
By the year 400 Greek philosophy, art, literature and architecture had spread far and wide, with the numerous independent Greek colonies that had sprung up throughout the lands of the eastern Mediterranean.
* May 20 – By the Law of 20 May 1802, Napoleon Bonaparte reinstates slavery in the French colonies, revoking its abolition in the French Revolution.
* By an act of the Parliament of Great Britain, alien immigrants ( including Huguenots and Jews ) in the colonies receive British nationality.
By 1660, Barbados generated more trade than all the other English colonies combined.
By 1943 the Italian people had lost faith in Mussolini and no longer supported the war ; Italy had lost its colonies, the allies had taken North Africa in May, and Sicily had been invaded in July.
By 1804 Haiti had won its independence, the Louisiana Territory had been sold to the United States of America, and British naval superiority threatened any potential for France to establish colonies outside Europe.
By the middle of the eighteenth century, Bermuda was sending twice as many privateers to sea as any of the continental colonies.
By the middle of the 19th century, profits from Russia's American colonies were in steep decline.
By the time of the founding of Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies, the Pequot had already attained a position of political, military, and economic dominance in what is now central and eastern Connecticut.
By the time the colonies of Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay were being established, the Pequot had already assumed a position of political, military, and economic dominance among Native Americans in what is now central and eastern Connecticut.
By the mid-18th century Charleston had become a bustling trade center, the hub of the Atlantic trade for the southern colonies, and the wealthiest and largest city south of Philadelphia.
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