By the 1970s the authors of volumes such as Reinventing Anthropology worried about anthropology's relevance.

By the 1970s the shift was underway from the earlier economic history to cultural history and the history of mentalities.

By the 1970s the Museum was again expanding.

By the 1970s the area was notorious for street robberies and drug dealing.

By the mid-1950s the system was being used in at least sixty British libraries and in a hundred by the 1970s.

By the mid 1970s, born again Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media as part of the born again movement.

By 1968, the design had reached the one known today, and has been used continuously from this year, apart from a period in the 1970s when the just the letters CAFC appeared on the team's shirts.

By 1982 the stagnation of the Soviet economy was obvious, as evidenced by the fact that the Soviet Union had been importing grain from the U. S. throughout the 1970s, but the system was so firmly entrenched that any real change seemed impossible.

By the late 1970s, two and a half million British homes received their television service via cable.

By the early 1970s electronic pocket calculators ended manufacture of mechanical calculators, although the Curta remains a popular collectable item.

By the late 1970s, RCA decided to remove Atkins from his producing duties and replace him with younger men.

By the late 1970s, a strong anti-disco sentiment developed among rock fans and musicians, particularly in the United States.

By the late 1970s, melodrama was nearly finished as an overt genre, as the hunger for realism dominated film in groundbreaking movies like Martin Scorsese's Mean Streets.

By the late 1970s the good times were over for both downtown and local businesses and industries.

By the late 1970s, the EPLF had become the dominant armed Eritrean group fighting against the Ethiopian Government, and Isaias Afewerki had emerged as its leader.

During the late 1970s he acquired a large public audience as a critic of the then Labour government's disregard of civil liberties ; his writings from this time are collected in Writing By Candlelight ( 1980 ).

By the 1960s – 1970s quantum electrochemistry was developed by Revaz Dogonadze and his pupils.

By the late 1970s, these had achieved only mixed results due to flaws in the planning process as well as inadequate funding and a shortage of the skilled managers and technicians needed for implementation.

By the early 1970s, the picture changed: software costs were dramatically increasing, a growing software industry was competing with the hardware manufacturer's bundled software products ( free in that the cost was included in the hardware cost ), leased machines required software support while providing no revenue for software, and some customers able to better meet their own needs did not want the costs of " free " software bundled with hardware product costs.

By the late 1970s, many companies around the world ( but especially Japan ), entered the fax market.

By the early 1970s there were 22 associations with women's sections in the FIH and 36 associations in the IFWHA.

By the mid 1970s, there were enough media zines being published that adzines existed just to advertise all of the other zines available.

By the 1970s the science fiction community was confronting questions of feminism and sexism within science fiction culture itself.

By the 1970s and 1980s, true female heroes started to emerge on the pages of comics.

By seeking close alliances with powerful noble families, Alexios put an end to the tradition of imperial exclusivity and coopted most of the nobility into his extended family and, through it, his government.

By painting the Roman-Christian relations in this light, Luke hopes to persuade Rome that Christians are not enemies of the government and should not be looked upon with suspicion or even fear.

By the 1960s, more citizens worked in service industries or for the canton-level government than in manufacturing.

By a vote of 338-320, the Bundestag voted to move the seat of government to Berlin.

By the early 20th century the Liberals stance began to shift towards " New Liberalism ", what would today be called social liberalism: a belief in personal liberty with a support for government intervention to provide minimum levels of welfare.

By the charter renewal in 1781 it was also the bankers ' bank – keeping enough gold to pay its notes on demand until 26 February 1797 when war had so diminished gold reserves that the government prohibited the Bank from paying out in gold.

By the early 2000s ( decade ), however, the university quietly reexamined its position on accreditation as degree mills proliferated and various government bureaucracies, such as law enforcement agencies, began excluding BJU graduates on the grounds that the university did not appear on appropriate federal lists.

By mid-1997 the government signed peace deals with FARF and the MDD leadership and succeeded in cutting off the groups from their rear bases in the Central African Republic and Cameroon.

By 1973, the CPK were fighting battles against government forces with little or no North Vietnamese troop support, and they controlled nearly 60 % of Cambodia's territory and 25 % of its population.

By 1973, Chilean society had grown highly polarized, between strong opponents and equally strong supporters of Salvador Allende and his government.

By a decree of 27 December 1999, the constitution was suspended and all the institutions of government were dissolved.

By 1951, the Attlee government was looking increasingly exhausted, with several of its most important ministers ailing or having died.

By then, Confucius had build up a considerable reputation through his teachings, while the families came to see the value of proper conduct and righteousness, so they could achieve loyalty to a legitimate government.

By December, the capital city of Nanjing had fallen to the Japanese, and Chiang moved the government inland, first to Wuhan and later to Chongqing.

By 1653, both France and Spain had recognised England's new government.

By August 1954 Malenkov's role as de facto head of government was over ; Nikolai Bulganin began signing Council of Ministers decrees ( a right beholden to the Chairman ) and the Presidium gave in to Khrushchev's wishes to replace Malenkov.

By the beginning of the 19th century, government policy on both sides of the Atlantic began to change, reflecting the growing popularity of the proposition that corporations were riding the economic wave of the future.

" By leaving Knight intact, the associate justice restricted the authority of the federal government over local businesses or factories whose raw materials or products were part of interstate commerce.

By 1990 the Soviet government had lost control over economic conditions.

By the end of the year Mobutu had created a rival government with its own prime minister.

By August they had captured Stanleyville and set up a rebel government there.

By the time the government killed the project in 1842, they had given Babbage over ₤ 17, 000, more than double the cost of a warship, without receiving a working engine.

By developing something better, Babbage had rendered the difference engine useless in the eyes of the government.

By moving the centre of government ( more or less formally ) to the imperial court, Domitian openly rendered the Senate's powers obsolete.