Puttenham, in the time of Elizabeth I of England, wished to start from Elissabet Anglorum Regina ( Elizabeth Queen of the English ), to obtain Multa regnabis ense gloria ( By thy sword shalt thou reign in great renown ); he explains carefully that H is " a note of aspiration only and no letter ", and that Z in Greek or Hebrew is a mere SS.

Professor Henry Higgins sings, " Look at her, a prisoner of the gutters / Condemned by every syllable she utters / By right she should be taken out and hung / For the cold-blooded murder of the English tongue.

By now Blenheim was under assault from every side by three English generals: Cutts, Churchill, and Orkney.

By the time Marlborough had closed down the Ramillies campaign he had denied the French most of the Spanish Netherlands west of the Meuse and north of the Sambre – it was an unsurpassed operational triumph for the English Duke.

Coal ( from the Old English term col, which has meant " mineral of fossilized carbon " since the 13th century ) is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds By comparison in 2007, natural gas provided of oil equivalent per day, while oil provided per day.

To establish that a function is computable by Turing machine, it is usually considered sufficient to give an informal English description of how the function can be effectively computed, and then conclude " By the Church – Turing thesis " that the function is Turing computable ( equivalently partial recursive ).

By 1700, it had been reprinted 15 times in Italian, and was translated in Dutch, English, French, German, Russian and Spanish.

By means of her mother, Catherine had a stronger legitimate claim to the English throne than King Henry VII himself through the first two wives of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster: Blanche of Lancaster and the Spanish Infanta Constance of Castile.

By 1850, Parliament had enacted several statutes on a case-by-case basis to deal with issues regularly faced by certain types of organizations, like joint-stock companies, and with the impetus for most types of group litigation removed, it went into a steep decline in English jurisprudence from which it never recovered.

By the late 1930s, Thomas was embraced as the " poetic herald " for a group of English poets, the New Apocalyptics.

By the early 18th century, other publishers began to issue collections of dances as well ; a conservative estimate of the number of dances in the English style published between 1651 and 1810 would run to around 20, 000.

By the time William Grindal became her tutor in 1544, Elizabeth could write English, Latin, and Italian.

By the end of her life Elizabeth was also reputed to speak Welsh, Cornish, Scottish and Irish in addition to English.

By the start of the fourteenth century the word appeared in English texts, indicating all three senses: the most common one, the legal term and the archaic usage.

By comparison, the other major English domestic cup, the League Cup, involves only the 92 members of the Premier League and Football League.

By the later stages of the Eighty Years War the Dutch had switched entirely from the heavier ships still used by the English and Spanish to the lighter frigates, carrying around 40 guns and weighing around 300 tons.

By the end of Alfred's reign in 899 he was the only remaining English king, having reduced Mercia to a dependency of Wessex, governed by his son-in-law Ealdorman Aethelred.

By 1550, after a change of regent in England, the English withdrew from Scotland completely.

By the end of his life, he could converse in English, French, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Swedish, Polish, Italian, Greek, Latin, Russian, Arabic, and Turkish as well as German.

By the mid-19th century, English was the majority language spoken in the country.

By the 19th century, the standardisation of British English was more settled than it had been in the previous century, and this relatively well-established English was brought to Africa, Asia and New Zealand.

By the twenty-first century, the number of non-native English speakers has come to significantly outnumber the number of native speakers by a factor of three, according to the British Council.

By the turn of the twentieth century it had begun to be displaced by the shorter and purely Arabic term Islam and by 1938, when Orientalist scholars completed The Encyclopaedia of Islam, seems to have virtually disappeared from the English language.

By far the largest regional market was the Middle East, to which Brazil sold approximately 50 % of its arms from 1977 through 1988.

By the Middle Ages Boudica was forgotten.

By the late Middle Ages these were a near-universal feature of Western churches, but are now very rare.

By the Middle Ages, some writers adopted more relaxed versions of the meter.

By the mid-1990s, Ghana Airways operated international scheduled passenger and cargo service to numerous European, Middle Eastern, and African destinations, including London, Düsseldorf, Rome, Abidjan, Dakar, Lagos, Lomé, and Johannesburg.

By the 9th century AD the city of Shiraz was known to produce some of the finest wines in the Middle East.

By 1963, Holden was exporting cars to Africa, the Middle East, South-East Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the Caribbean.

By the Middle Bronze Age, increasing numbers of smelted iron objects ( distinguishable from meteoric iron by the lack of nickel in the product ) appeared in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and South Asia.

By the Middle Ages the texts of the prayers were nearly fixed, and in the form in which they are still used today.

By welcoming educated and worldly Jews from both Christian Europe and the Islamic Middle East, Khazars rapidly absorbed many of the arts and technologies of civilization.

By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior.

By the Middle Preclassic Period ( 900-300 BC ), Olmec artistic styles had been adopted as far away as the Valley of Mexico and Costa Rica.

" By the mid-1970s ," according to The Continuum Political Encyclopedia of the Middle East, " the idea of Arab unity became less and less apparent in Arab politics, though it remained a wishful goal among the masses.

By the end of the 18th century, in addition to the trivium and quadrivium of the Middle Ages, the definition of a classical education embraced study of literature, poetry, drama, philosophy, history, art, and languages.

By 1901 he had begun to write about spiritual topics, initially in the form of discussions of historical figures such as the mystics of the Middle Ages.

By 1981 overseas construction projects, most of them in the Middle East, accounted for 60 percent of the work undertaken by South Korean construction companies.

By the Middle Ages the shepherd's sling was largely militarily extinct outside the Iberian peninsula, where the Spanish and Portuguese infantry favoured it against light and agile Moorish troops ; a sling projectile, while dangerous even against an armoured opponent, would be lethal against a light and unarmoured foe.

By the Middle Ages the texts of the prayers were nearly fixed, and in the form in which they are still used today.

By 313 BC, Hellenic ideas had begun their almost 250-year expansion into the Near East, Middle East, and Central Asian cultures.

By the end of 1969, the SCA's three original kingdoms had been established: West, East, and Middle.

By the early Middle Ages the Warmians, an Old Prussian tribe, inhabited the area.

By the Middle Kingdom period, as the funeral texts began to be used by members of Egyptian society other than the royal family, the role of Isis as protector also grew, to include the protection of nobles and even commoners.

By the last years of Tamar's reign, the Georgian state had reached the zenith of its power and prestige in the Middle Ages.