By law this is 75% for the Virgin Islands, Guam and Puerto Rico.

By law this is 70% for the Virgin Islands, Guam and Puerto Rico.

By making inroads in the name of law enforcement into the protection which Congress has afforded to the marriage relationship, the Court today continues in the path charted by the recent decision in Wyatt v. United States, 362 U.S. 525, where the Court held that, under the circumstances of that case, a wife could be compelled to testify against her husband over her objection.

By convention in some law reports, the appellant is named first.

By ancient common law it might be required of all persons above the age of 12, and it was repeatedly used as a test for the disaffected.

By law, Augustus held a collection of powers granted to him for life by the Senate, including supreme military command, and those of tribune and censor.

By the law of cosines, we have:

By contrast, while defendants in most civil law systems can be compelled to give a statement, this statement is not subject to cross-examination by the prosecutor and not given under oath.

By comparison Whorf's other work in linguistics, the development of such concepts as the allophone and the cryptotype, and the formulation of " Whorf's law " in Uto-Aztecan historical linguistics, have met with broad acceptance.

By United Nations law, Bosnia has a right of passage to the outer sea.

By law, farmers in the United States who plant Bt corn must plant non-Bt corn nearby.

By the early 2000s ( decade ), however, the university quietly reexamined its position on accreditation as degree mills proliferated and various government bureaucracies, such as law enforcement agencies, began excluding BJU graduates on the grounds that the university did not appear on appropriate federal lists.

By contrast, in civil law jurisdictions ( the legal tradition that prevails in, or is combined with common law in, Europe and most non-Islamic, non-common law countries ), courts lack authority to act where there is no statute, and judicial precedent is given less interpretive weight ( which means that a judge deciding a given case has more freedom to interpret the text of a statute independently, and less predictably ), and scholarly literature is given more.

By contrast to statutory codification of common law, some statutes displace common law, for example to create a new cause of action that did not exist in the common law, or to legislatively overrule the common law.

By the time of the rediscovery of the Roman law in Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries, the common law had already developed far enough to prevent a Roman law reception as it occurred on the continent.

By law, the vice president will succeed in the event of the president's resignation, illness, or death.

By law ( 92 Stat.

By 1827, he had abandoned law and embarked on a geological career that would result in fame and the general acceptance of uniformitarianism, a working out of the idea proposed by James Hutton a few decades earlier.

Examples include the law of large numbers, the law of cosines, and Kolmogorov's zero-one law.

In Euclidean geometry, for right triangles it is a consequence of the Pythagorean theorem, and for general triangles a consequence of the law of cosines, although it may be proven without these theorems.

The law of sines is one of two trigonometric equations commonly applied to find lengths and angles in a general triangle, with the other being the law of cosines.

Like the law of cosines, although the law of sines is mathematically true, it has problems for numeric use.

: See also Spherical law of cosines and Half-side formula.

# REDIRECT law of cosines

by the law of cosines.

Solving for common side DB, in ADB and BDC, the law of cosines gives

* The relationship between the general and extended form of Brahmagupta's formula is similar to how the law of cosines extends the Pythagorean theorem.

Spherical triangle for application of the spherical law of cosines for the calculation the solar zenith angle Θ for observer at latitude φ and longitude λ from knowledge of the hour angle h and solar declination δ.

The derivation of distribution is based on a fundamental identity from spherical trigonometry, the spherical law of cosines:

C is the angle in the vertex opposite the side which has arc length c. Applied to the calculation of solar zenith angle Θ, we equate the following for use in the spherical law of cosines:

The law of tangents, although not as commonly known as the law of sines or the law of cosines, is equivalent to the law of sines, and can be used in any case where two sides and the included angle, or two angles and a side, are known.

was preferable to an application of the Law of cosines, as this latter law necessitated an additional lookups in a logarithm table, in order to compute the square root.

In modern times the law of tangents may have better numerical properties than the law of cosines: If is small, and and are almost equal, then an application of the law of cosines leads to a subtraction of almost equal values, which implies a loss of significant digits.