By knowing the coordinates of an object ( usually given in equatorial coordinates ), the telescope user can use the setting circle to align the telescope in the appropriate direction before looking through its eyepiece.

By this time, the use of the glyph had already reached Persia, and was mentioned in Al-Khwarizmi's descriptions of Indian numerals.

By the mid-16th century, they were in common use in most of Europe.

By 1980, the way the game was played had changed dramatically due to innovative coaching tactics, with the phasing out of many of the game's kicking styles and the increasing use of handball ; whilst presentation was influenced by television.

By 1971, 12 percent of the total area of South Vietnam had been sprayed with defoliating chemicals, at an average concentration of 13 times the recommended USDA application rate for domestic use.

By 1971, 12 percent of the total area of South Vietnam had been sprayed with defoliating chemicals, at an average concentration of 13 times the recommended USDA application rate for domestic use.

By the first century BC brass was available in sufficient supply to use as coinage in Phrygia and Bithynia, and after the Augustan currency reform of 23 BC it was also used to make Roman dupondii and sestertii.

By the 15th century there is evidence for the renewed use of lidded cementation crucibles at Zwickau in Germany.

By World War II, the use of the smaller divisions, platoons and companies, became much more important as precise operations became vital.

By the time World War I began, attempts to use anthrax were directed at animal populations.

By the summer of 1944 the reversal of fortune was complete and Operation Bagration saw Soviet forces inflict crushing defeats on Germany through the aggressive use of armour, infantry and air power in combined strategic assault, known as deep operations.

By the late 1920s, New York writers other than Fitz Gerald were starting to use " Big Apple " and were using it outside of a horse-racing context.

By that time, the majority of black people were U. S .- born, so use of the term " African " became problematic.

By contrast, several countries can also use the same currency ( for example, the euro ), or one country can declare the currency of another country to be legal tender.

By the end of 2005, the number of telephone main lines in use totaled 7, 851, 649.

By 1910, the profession, " chemical engineer ", was already in common use in Britain and the United States.

By helping to ensure benefit-sharing, the Nagoya Protocol creates incentives to conserve and sustainably use genetic resources, and therefore enhances the contribution of biodiversity to development and human well-being.

By then the memory may have been re-assigned to another use, with unpredictable results.

By 1996, other engineers had joined in, because it was clear that Cygwin would be a useful way to provide Cygnus ' embedded tools hosted on Windows systems ( the previous strategy had been to use DJGPP ).

By turning these space to public use, the building got 20 % plot ratio more as bonus.

By contrast, the Europeans never infused it into their general diet, but have compartmentalized its use to sweets and desserts.

By the fifth classification all the letters of the alphabet are in use for top level classes.

By the time Bramah's beer pumps became popular, the use of the word draught to mean the act of serving beer was well established and transferred easily to beer served via the hand pumps.

By 1910, regular radio broadcasting had started to use " live " as well as prerecorded sound.

By monitoring, we mean some system of control over the types of information sent from the various centers.

By means of charts showing wave-travel times and depths in the ocean at various locations, it is possible to estimate the rate of approach and probable time of arrival at Hawaii of a tsunami getting under way at any spot in the Pacific.

By making comparisons across cultural traditions ( time-based ) and cultural regions ( space-based ), anthropologists have developed various kinds of comparative method, a central part of their science.

By the end of the 14th century, most of Anatolia was controlled by various Anatolian beyliks.

By the mid-4th century however the assembly's judicial functions were largely curtailed, though it always kept a role in the initiation of various kinds of political trial.

By the early 2000s ( decade ), however, the university quietly reexamined its position on accreditation as degree mills proliferated and various government bureaucracies, such as law enforcement agencies, began excluding BJU graduates on the grounds that the university did not appear on appropriate federal lists.

By 1000 BC ancient civilizations were using technologies that formed the basis of the various branches of chemistry such as ; extracting metal from their ores, making pottery and glazes, fermenting beer and wine, making pigments for cosmetics and painting, extracting chemicals from plants for medicine and perfume, making cheese, dying cloth, tanning leather, rendering fat into soap, making glass, and making alloys like bronze.

By calculating the maximum time that electrical signals can move in various branches of a CPU's many circuits, the designers can select an appropriate period for the clock signal.

By studying categories and functors, we are not just studying a class of mathematical structures and the morphisms between them ; we are studying the relationships between various classes of mathematical structures.

By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in various cities, at multiple levels including: oblast, guberniya (" Gubcheks "), raion, uyezd, and volost Chekas, with Raion and Volost Extraordinary Commissioners.

By starting with an inertial frame, where Newton's laws of motion hold, and keeping track of how the time derivatives of a position vector change when transforming to a rotating reference frame, the various fictitious forces and their forms can be identified.

By March 1963 however, after the visit of Colonel Michael Greene of the United States Army, and the resulting ' Greene Plan ,' the pattern of bilaterally agreed military assistance to various Congolese military components, instead of a single unified effort, was already taking shape.

" By various stratagems the jealous king seeks his death, but the plots only endear David the more to the people, and especially to Saul's son Jonathan, who loves David ( 1 Samuel 18: 1, 2 Samuel 1: 25 – 26 ).

By late September 1945 the Thomases had left Wales and were living with various friends in London.

By July 2008 various blogs referred to " an e-mail " from a colleague of the band's attorney that suggested the issue was " amicably resolved ".

By comparing the length and intensity of various methods of therapies, it was proven that intensity is a better predictor of recovery than the method of therapy used.

By 1874 or 1875 ( various sources give both dates ) he had also perfected the electromechanical hardware to transmit his code.

Despite the revivalists ' various political views and different opinions regarding the nature of authentic folk music, they all shared an understanding of Americanism that grounded the nation's identity in cultural pluralism and political democracy " By the end of the 1930s they along with the musicians and others had turned American folk music into a social movement.

By far the most common and widespread species of fox is the red fox ( Vulpes vulpes ), although various species are found on almost every continent.

By 1947, Hayek was an organizer of the Mont Pelerin Society, a group of classical liberals who sought to oppose what they saw as socialism in various areas.

By 2006, such was the confusion from these multiple Acts, each amending the others ( and not all of which were ever actually commenced and thus were in the public record but not enforced as actual legislation ); and the amendments of Irish firearms legislation by other Acts ranging from the Wildlife Acts ( mostly relating to hunting law ) to the Road Traffic Acts ( relating to how and where firearms could be transported ) and others ; the large amount of secondary legislation ( Statutory Instruments, which set out regulations, the design of application forms for licences and so forth, as well as the details of when various parts of the Acts came into force ); as well as the introduction of EU firearms law into the canon of Irish legislation ; led the Irish Law Reform Commission to recommend that all the extant legislation be restated a legal process by which all the existing primary and secondary legislation would be read as one and a single document produced as the new Firearms Act ( and all prior Acts would be repealed ).

By the time of the Crusades ( 1096 – 1270 ), horseshoes were widespread and frequently mentioned in various written sources.

By the 19th century, the various forms and divisions of historic games began to differentiate and coalesce into the individual sports defined today.

By 16 May, however, Dannatt announced that Prince Harry would not serve in Iraq ; concerns included Harry being a high-value target ( as several threats by various groups had already been made against him ) and the dangers the soldiers around him would face should any attempt be made on the Prince's life or capture.