Abu Bakr ( Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafa ) (, c. 573 CE – 23 August 634 CE ) also known as Abū Bakr as-Șiddīq ( Arabic: أبو بكر الصديق ) was a senior companion ( Sahabi ) and the father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Abu Bakr was born in Mecca some time in 573 CE, to a rich family in the Banu Taym clan of the Quraysh tribe.

The decimal Hindu-Arabic numeral system was invented in India around 500 CE.

The temple seems to have been burnt again during the Third Sacred War ( 355 – 346 BCE ), and was in a very dilapidated state when seen by Pausanias in the 2nd century CE, though some restoration, as well as the building of a new temple, was undertaken by Emperor Hadrian.

When the site was excavated by Soviet archaeologists during 1941-45, they realized that they had discovered a building absolutely unique for the area: a large ( 1500 square meters ) Chinese-style, likely Han Dynasty era ( 206 BCE – 220 CE ) palace.

At Athens, the traveller Pausanias was informed in the second-century CE that the cult of Aphrodite Urania above the Kerameikos was so ancient that it had been established by Aegeus, whose sisters were barren, and he still childless himself.

Although the book has been historically classified as " prophetic ", the style of writing is apocalyptic which was popular between 200 BCE and 100 CE.

1 and 2 Samuel were originally ( and still is in some Jewish bibles ) a single book, but the first Greek translation, produced in the centuries immediately before Christ, divided it into two ; this was adopted by the Latin translation used in the early Christian church of the West, and finally introduced into Jewish bibles around the early 16th century CE.

During the Han dynasty period, the important Confucian text Lessons for Women ( Nüjie ), was written by Ban Zhao ( 45-114 CE ): by a woman, for women.

The Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders and Miscellaneous Illnesses was collated by Zhang Zhongjing sometime between 196 and 220 CE, at the end of the Han dynasty.

Use of the CE abbreviation was introduced by Jewish academics in the mid-19th century.

Mail Armour was introduced to the Middle East and Asia through the Romans and was adopted by the Sassanid Persians starting in the 3rd century CE, where it was supplemental to the scale and lamellar armours already used.

A 2nd century CE Greek known as Heraclitus the paradoxographer --- not to be confused with the 5th century BCE Greek philosopher Heraclitus --- claimed Euhemeristically that Cerberus had two pups which were never away from their father, as such Cerberus was in fact a normal ( however very large ) dog but artists incorporating the two pups into their work made it appear as if his two children were in fact extra heads.

The Battle of Talas in 751 CE was a conflict between the Arab Abbasid Caliphate and the Chinese Tang Dynasty over the control of Central Asia.

Pliny claims that division was the work of Caligula, but Dio states that in 42 CE an uprising took place, which was subdued by Gaius Suetonius Paulinus and Gnaeus Hosidius Geta, only after which the division took place.

The first known equestrian governor of the two provinces was one Marcus Fadius Celer Flavianus, in office in 44 CE.

Constructed by Gaulish sailors probably in 14 CE, it was discovered in 1710 within the foundations of the cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris, site of ancient Lutetia, the civitas capital of the Celtic Parisii.

The Qur ' an was compiled in the mid-seventh century AD ( around 650 CE ), corresponding to the period when docetism was still commonly accepted and taught among some Christian sects.

* Gotama ( c. 2nd – 3rd century CE ), wrote Jaimini, author of Purva Mimamsa Sutras.

* Siddhasena Divākara ( 5th Century CE ), Jain logician and author of important works in Sanskrit and Prakrit, such as, Nyāyāvatāra ( on Logic ) and Sanmatisūtra ( dealing with the seven Jaina standpoints, knowledge and the objects of knowledge )

* Kundakunda ( 2nd Century CE ), exponent of Jain mysticism and Jain nayas dealing with the nature of the soul and its contamination by matter, author of Pañcāstikāyasāra ( Essence of the Five Existents ), the Pravacanasāra ( Essence of the Scripture ) and the Samayasāra ( Essence of the Doctrine )

* Umāsvāti or Umasvami ( 2nd Century CE ), author of first Jain work in Sanskrit, Tattvārthasūtra, expounding the Jain philosophy in a most systematized form acceptable to all sects of Jainism.

The Hebrew of the original calls the child's mother a " young woman ", but the Greek-speaking 1st century CE author of Matthew 1: 23, using the Hellenistic Greek translation of the Hebrew sacred texts, interpreted it as a prophecy that the Messiah would be born of a virgin.

64 BCE – 17 CE ), author of Fabulae.

* Pliny the Elder ( 23 – 79 CE ), ancient Roman nobleman, scientist and historian, author of Naturalis Historia, " Pliny's Natural History "

However, the main Arabic text seems to have been written by an earlier author sometime between the early 9th and late 10th centuries CE.

Early medieval gardens in Islamic Spain resembled botanic gardens of the future an example being the 11th century Huerta del Ray garden of physician and author Ibn Wafid ( 999 – 1075 CE ) in Toledo.

Pausanias was shown what was purported to be the last standing column in the late second century CE ; the same author mentions that Pelops erected a monument in honor of all the suitors before himself, and enlists their names, which are as follows.

The date of the composition of the declaration and its author are alike unknown ; but it was in existence at the Geonic period ( 589-1038 CE ).

Rabbi Yehudai Gaon of Sura ( 760 CE ), author of the Halakot Pesukot, forbade the study of the Nedarim, the Talmudic treatise on oaths.

According to Snorre, the Icelandic author of the Nordic Sagas, who wrote in the 13th century, Odin was supposed to have migrated from the region of the Caucasus or the area just east of the Black Sea near the turn of the 1st century CE.

One work, known as the Pinax or Tabula, attributed to Cebes still survives, but it is believed to be a composition by a pseudonymous author of the 1st or 2nd century CE.

The author of the oldest Sinhalese grammar, Sidatsangarava, written in the 13th century CE, recognized a category of words that exclusively belonged to early Sinhalese.

The book makes reference to Kannada works by early writers such as King Durvinita of the 6th century and Ravikirti, the author of the Aihole record of 636 CE.

Joseph ibn Zabara ( end of 12th-beginning of 13th c. CE ), a resident of Barcelona and Catalan speaker, wrote the Sēfer sha ‘ ashū ‘ īm (‘ The Book of Delights ’), in which the author, the narrator, and the protagonist are all Ibn Zabara himself, and in which the episodes are arranged in linear, not cyclical fashion, in a way that anticipates the structure of Spanish picaresque novels such as the anonymous Lazarillo de Tormes ( 1535 ) and Guzmán de Alfarache ( 1599 ) by Mateo Alemán.

Orkeyinga is written around 1200 CE by an unknown Icelandic author.

He is considered to be the author of the famous Targum Onkelos ( c. 110 CE ).

2, p. 480 ) regards the author as flourishing from the reign of Nero ( 54 – 68 CE ) to that of Trajan ( 98 – 117 CE ).

According to an anonymous Roman author of the 4th century CE, the producer of the Chronography of 354, Ziezi was a son of Shem and a grandson of Noah.

Somananda ( 875 – 925 CE ) was one of the teachers of Kashmir Shaivism, in the lineage of Trayambaka, author of the first philosophical treatise of this school, Śivadṛṣṭi.

* Hāla ( r. 20 – 24 CE ), author of the Gathasaptasati, an Indian literature classic, ruled 5 years.

The title story, Day Million, details the romantic affair between two people, referred to as Don and Dora ( shortened versions of the names of both ) in the millionth day CE, which falls late in the year 2737, although the author alternately describes it as being about a thousand years in the future.