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Caesar and history
For example, Alfonso halted his army in pious respect before the birthplace of a Latin writer, carried Livy or Caesar on his campaigns with him, and his panegyrist Panormita even stated that the king was cured of an illness when a few pages of Quintus Curtius Rufus ' history of Alexander the Great were read to him.
Often regarded as one of the greatest military strategists in European history, Hannibal would later be considered one of the greatest generals of antiquity, together with Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar, Scipio, and Pyrrhus of Epirus.
The first notable militia in French history was the resistance of the Gauls to invasion by the Romans until they were defeated by Julius Caesar.
* Lucan writes a history of the conflict between Julius Caesar and Pompey.
* Four talks by scholars on aspects of the Aeneid ( including Virgil's relationship to Roman history, the Rome of Caesar Augustus, the challenges of translating Latin poetry, and Purcell's opera Dido and Aeneas ), delivered at the Maine Humanities Council's Winter Weekend program.
While history has viewed Catiline through the lenses of his enemies, some modern historians have reassessed Catiline, such as Michael Parenti, in " The Assassination of Julius Caesar ".
Sorge used the examples of Julius Caesar and Ferdinand Magellan using brutal methods to crush mutinies to argue that great leaders throughout history had always used extreme violence to maintain discipline, and through he emphasized that a good officer should never had to be confronted with the threat of mutiny, but if such a threat did emerge, the best thing that could be done was to follow Hitler ’ s example in 1934, and have all the mutineers ’ summarily executed.
Ussher's chronology represented a considerable feat of scholarship: it demanded great depth of learning in what was then known of ancient history, including the rise of the Persians, Greeks and Romans, as well as expertise in the Bible, biblical languages, astronomy, ancient calendars and chronology, Ussher's account of historical events for which he had multiple sources other than the Bible is usually in close agreement with modern accounts – for example, he placed the death of Alexander in 323 BC and that of Julius Caesar in 44 BC.
Metamorphoses ( from the Greek, " transformations ") is a Latin narrative poem in fifteen books by the Roman poet Ovid, describing the history of the world from its creation to the deification of Julius Caesar within a loose mythico-historical framework.
" Khosrau of the immortal soul " is one of the most popular emperors in Iranian culture and literature and, outside of Iran, his name became, like that of Caesar in the history of Rome, a designation of the Sasanian kings.
As the Roman Empire developed as the dictator-prince Julius Caesar left his crucial mark on Roman history, the Imperial cult gradually developed more formally and constituted the worship of the Roman emperor as a god.
He received a Huguenot education and the usual training of a young noble of the time, but physical infirmity, and particularly an impediment of speech ( which he never lost ), hampered his progress, though he showed a marked partiality for history and geography, and especial admiration of the exploits of Alexander the Great and Caesar.
:" Genghis is, without doubt, the greatest military genius and leader in history .... Alexander and Caesar seem petty before him.
Julius Caesar Aranzi ( Giulio Cesare Aranzio, Arantius ) ( 1529 / 1530 – April 7, 1589 ) was a leading figure in the history of the science of human anatomy.
Granius covered the history of Rome from the early times at least to the death of Julius Caesar ; the assumption of this as an end-point of his history has sometimes caused him to be identified with Granius Flaccus and his life to be dated to the 1st century BC.
Golding translated also the Commentaries of Caesar ( 1563, 1565, 1590 ), the history of Junianus Justinus ( 1564 ), the theological writings of Niels Hemmingsen ( 1569 ) and David Chytraeus ( 1570 ), Theodore Beza's Tragedie of Abrahams Sacrifice ( 1575 ), the De Beneficiis of Seneca the Younger ( 1578 ), the geography of Pomponius Mela ( 1585 ), Calvin's commentaries on the Psalms ( 1571 ), his sermons on the Galatians and Ephesians, on Deuteronomy and the book of Job.
The later history, especially the period from the death of Caesar, 44 BC, to the death of Augustus, AD 14, is treated in much greater detail.
He purposed to write a fuller history of the later period, including the civil war between Caesar and Pompey and the wars of Tiberius ; but there is no evidence that he did so.
In 705 he received the title Caesar which was a precedent in history.
Justinian awarded Tervel with many gifts, the title of kaisar ( Caesar ), which made him second only to the emperor and the first foreign ruler in Byzantine history to receive such a title, and a territorial concession in northeastern Thrace, a region called Zagora.
The road played a vital role in several key moments in Roman history: the armies of Julius Caesar and Pompey marched along the Via Egnatia during Caesar's civil war, and during the Liberators ' civil war Mark Antony and Octavian pursued Cassius and Brutus along the Via Appia to their fateful meeting at the Battle of Philippi.
In American history, John Wilkes Booth shouted the phrase after shooting President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865, in part because of the association with the assassination of Caesar.
Early on in its history, the legion was called X Equestris ( mounted ), because Caesar once used the legionaries as cavalry.

Caesar and war
After a warm welcome by Caesar's soldiers at Brundisium, Octavian demanded a portion of the funds that were allotted by Caesar for the intended war against Parthia in the Middle East.
" The battle itself did not end the civil war but it was decisive and gave Caesar a much needed boost in legitimacy.
Both Octavian and Mark Antony had fought against their common enemies in the civil war that followed the assassination of Julius Caesar.
The evidence from the ancient historians could also converge with evidence from other fields, such as archeology: for example, evidence that many senators fled Rome at the time, that the battles of Caesar ’ s civil war occurred, and so forth.
In January 49 BC, Caesar crossed the Rubicon river ( the frontier boundary of Italy ) with only one legion and ignited civil war.
Caesar then became involved with an Egyptian civil war between the child pharaoh and his sister, wife, and co-regent queen, Cleopatra.
Near the end of his life, Caesar began to prepare for a war against the Parthian Empire.
war: Julius Caesar
* 49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.
His nephew Lucan wrote the Pharsalia ( about 60 ), an epic poem describing the civil war between Caesar and Pompey.
Caesar crossed the river Rubicon upon hearing of these affairs which began the Republican civil war.
The rise of Caesar and the subsequent civil war between his two most powerful adherents effectively ended the credibility of the Roman oligarchy as a governing power and ensured that all future power struggles would centre upon which of two ( or more ) individuals would achieve supreme control of the government, rather than upon an individual in conflict with the Senate.
The city reappears in the sources during the Roman civil war that followed the assassination of Julius Caesar.
* January 10, 49 BC: Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon river, precipitating war with Rome.
** January 10 – Julius Caesar leads his army across the Rubicon, which separates his jurisdiction ( Cisalpine Gaul ) from that of the Senate ( Italy ), and thus initiates a civil war.
When civil war broke out in 49 BC between Pompey and Caesar, Brutus followed his old enemy and present leader of the Optimates, Pompey.
* 49 BC: Brutus followed Pompey to Greece during the civil war against Caesar.
Within four years of Crassus ' death, Caesar would cross the Rubicon and begin a civil war against Pompey and the legitimate government of the Republic.
This arrangement is acceptable to Caesar because he does not wish to pursue war with the Senones.
The Senate passes a decree that Pompey and Caesar should each contribute one legion to the Parthian war in the East.
* May – Caesar defeats Pharnaces II of Pontus, king of the Bosporus, in the Battle of Zela ( this is the war that Caesar tersely described veni, vidi, vici ).
During this time he circulated the first three books of his epic poem, Pharsalia ( labelled De Bello civili in the manuscripts ), which told the story of the civil war between Julius Caesar and Pompey.
In the Roman civil war between the Caesarian faction, led by Mark Antony and Octavian, and the faction including the assassins of Caesar, led by Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus, Cleopatra sided with the Caesarian party because of her past.

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