Albert Camus (; 7 November 1913 – 4 January 1960 ) was an algerian born author, journalist, and philosopher.

Although often cited as a proponent of existentialism, the philosophy with which Camus was associated during his own lifetime, he rejected this particular label.

In 1949, Camus founded the Group for International Liaisons within the Revolutionary Union Movement after his split with Garry Davis ' movement Citizens of the World, which the surrealist André Breton was also a member.

The formation of this group, according to Camus, was to " denounce two ideologies found in both the USSR and the USA " regarding their idolatry of technology.

In some places, Camus makes the allegory explicit, as when he refers to the plague in terms that describe an enemy in war: " the epidemic was in retreat all along the line ; victory was won and the enemy was abandoning his positions.

He was followed by Ibn al-Nafis and Hegel with their philosophy of history, and, some such as the author Albert Camus in ' The Rebel ' and J. G.

Sartre was a very active contributor to Combat, a newspaper created during the clandestine period by Albert Camus, a philosopher and author who held similar beliefs.

According to Camus, Sartre was a writer who resisted, not a resister who wrote.

1999 was a crucial year for Prost GP .< ref > Jean-Michel Desnoues ; Patrick Camus & Jean-Marc Loubat < u > Formula 1 99 </ u >.

Albert Camus was a Pied-Noir ( black foot ) – a Frenchman born in the Maghreb, the northernmost crescent of Mediterranean Africa then the heart of France's African colonies.

Because Camus was influenced by the American literary style, the 1988 translation was Americanised.

Composer Robert Smith has said that the song " was a short poetic attempt at condensing my impression of the key moments in L ' Étranger ( The Stranger ) by Albert Camus " ( Cure News number 11, October 1991 ).

She initially felt alienated by the isolation of the campus ( at that time she was interested in Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sartre ), but she soon made friends with foreign students.

His paternal grandfather was an Episcopal priest born in Camus, near Strabane, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, and his maternal grandfather was an immigrant from London, England.

The second and perhaps most notable effort was the 1934 film, which was directed by Frenchman Raymond Bernard and starred Raimu in the role of Tartarin, as well as Sinoël, Fernand Charpin and Charles Camus in other principal roles.

His widow has claimed that Camus, though discreet, was in fact an ardent supporter of French Algeria in the last years of his life.

It gained this association partly because it was named ( by Esslin ) after the concept of " absurdism " advocated by Albert Camus, a philosopher commonly called Existentialist though he frequently resisted that label.

Both authors used their main characters to address their readers directly ; however, Camus ' narrative was written in the first-person present tense, thus assuming that the reader will join the main character, Clamence, in the novel's imagined sphere of discourse.

Beside the atmosphere ( which could be established almost anywhere else ) the city was also chosen by Camus for a more peculiar reason.

* Albert Camus, in his lecture at the University of Uppsala on December 14th, 1957, used the Gordian knot as a metaphor for the civilization falling apart at the sword of rampant politics of power and nihilism of the 20th century.

When it faced those 1957 cuts, The Third Programme Defence Society was formed and its leaders included T. S. Eliot, Albert Camus, and Sir Laurence Olivier.

Exile and the Kingdom ( L ' Exil et le royaume ) is a 1957 collection of six short stories by French-Algerian writer Albert Camus.

Also collected here, in the essay " The Artist and His Time ," is the address Camus gave in December 1957 at the University of Uppsala, entitled " Create Dangerously ".

Malraux was competing with Albert Camus, but was rejected several times, especially in 1954 and 1955, " so long as he does not come back to novel ", while Camus won the prize in 1957.

The Camus piece was a reprint of " Reflections on the Guillotine ", first published in English in the Review in 1957 and reprinted on this occasion as the magazine's " contribution to the world-wide debate on the problem of capital punishment and, more specifically, the case of Caryl Whittier Chessman.

* 1913 – Albert Camus, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1960 )

** Albert Camus, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1960 )

** Albert Camus, French writer, Nobel Prize winner ( b. 1913 )

Nevertheless, in his speech when he received the Literature Nobel Prize in Oslo, Camus said that when faced with a radical choice he would eventually support his community.

* Nobel Prize for literature: Albert Camus

The book had enthusiastic reviews, including that of Nobel Prize Award winner Albert Camus.

The regent-mother Oghul Qaimish ( the " Camus " of William of Rubruck ) seems to have received and dismissed him with presents and a letter for Louis IX, the latter a fine specimen of Mongol insolence.

Caligula, by French author Albert Camus, is a play in which Caligula returns after deserting the palace for three days and three nights following the death of his beloved sister, Drusilla.

In the essay, Camus introduces his philosophy of the absurd: man's futile search for meaning, unity, and clarity in the face of an unintelligible world devoid of God and eternal truths or values.

Camus presents Sisyphus's ceaseless and pointless toil as a metaphor for modern lives spent working at futile jobs in factories and offices.

In the novel, Albert Camus creates a number of character foils for Meursault's character in order to bring out various features.

It is most likely a reflection of Camus ' own personal campaign for Arab rights in Algiers.

For the 20th century novelist Albert Camus the execution signaled the end of the role of God in history, for which he mourned.

In the novel The Fall ( La Chute ) by Albert Camus, the incident is argued by the main character to be the reason why Jesus chose to let himself be crucified — as he escaped the punishment intended for him while many others died, he felt responsible and died in guilt.

Situated on the left bank of the River Seine, this central arrondissement which includes the historic districts of Saint-Germain-des-Prés ( surrounding the Abbey founded in the 6th century ) and Luxembourg ( surrounding the Palace and its Gardens ) has played a major role throughout Paris history and is well known for its café culture and the revolutionary intellectualism ( see: Existentialism, Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir ) and literature ( see: Paul Éluard, Boris Vian, Albert Camus, Françoise Sagan ) it has hosted.

In short, Clamence conceived of himself as living purely for the sake of others and " achieving more than the vulgar ambitious man and rising to that supreme summit where virtue is its own reward " ( Camus 288 ).

No, no, it wasn't Duguesclin ; he was already dead, I believe, for he stinted himself too much " ( Camus 343-4 ).

Thus, in 1649, when Louis XIV was still a child, an artisan named Camus designed for him a miniature coach, and horses complete with footmen, page and a lady within the coach ; all these figures exhibited a perfect movement.

In 1992 Jacques Lassalle approached him to stage a piece of his choice for Comédie-Française: Chahine chose to adapt Albert Camus ' Caligula, which proved hugely successful.

The literature included in the exam is changed annually, in 2012 it being Camus ' The Stranger, Cesarić's Lirika, Gundulić's Dubravka, Ibsen's A Doll's House, Krleža's The Glembays, Matoš's Pjesme, Novak's Posljednji Stipančići and Sophocles ' Antigone for the basic level and Camus ' Stranger, Dostoyevsky's Crime and Punishment, Držić's Dundo Maroje, Flaubert's Madame Bovary, Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther, Kafka's The Metamorphosis, Krleža's The Glembays and The Return of Filip Latinovicz, Marinković's Ruke, Nehajev's Bijeg, Poe's The Black Cat, Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye, Sophocles ' Antigone!

Twenty years after Orfeu Negro, Camus returned to Brazilian themes for what would prove to be his last film, Bahia ( also known as Otalia da Bahia and Os pastores da noite ), based a novel by Brazilian novelist Jorge Amado.

Along with Zorrilla's work ( still performed every year on November 2nd throughout the Spanish-speaking world ), arguably the best known version is Don Giovanni, an opera composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart with libretto by Lorenzo da Ponte, first performed in Prague in 1787 ( with Giacomo Casanova probably in the audience ) and itself the source of inspiration for works by E. T. A. Hoffmann, Alexander Pushkin, Søren Kierkegaard, George Bernard Shaw and Albert Camus.

In order to support his family, he continued to work as a book reviewer for the Journal des débats from 1941 to 1944, writing for instance about such figures as Sartre and Camus, Bataille and Michaux, Mallarmé and Duras for a putatively Pétainist readership.