The theory was popularized in the 1840s by Scottish writer Thomas Carlyle, and in 1860 Herbert Spencer formulated a counter-argument that has remained influential throughout the 20th century to the present ; Spencer said that such great men are the products of their societies, and that their actions would be impossible without the social conditions built before their lifetimes.

He has been a member of Carlyle Group's European Advisory Board since 1998 and was appointed Chairman of Carlyle Europe in May 2001.

Carlyle has commented on this passage, " There can be little doubt that St Paul's words imply some conception analogous to the ' natural law ' in Cicero, a law written in men's hearts, recognized by man's reason, a law distinct from the positive law of any State, or from what St Paul recognized as the revealed law of God.

Traditionally, the question of why Moniz targeted the frontal lobes in particular has been answered by reference to a presentation by John Fulton and Carlyle Jacobsen at the Second International Congress of Neurology held in London in 1935.

There is a regional Goodyear manufacturing facility that works in conjunction with Veyance Technology, which recently completed an $ 18 million expansion and has investors including the Carlyle Group, a DuPont operation, the eastern United States headquarters of United Rotary Brush, Ray Lewis and Son, Scioto Services, and many others.

Carlyle has investments spread out over several different industries, with about 22 % of their investments in energy and power, 19 % in real estate, 15 % in technology and business services, 8 % in consumer and retail, 8 % in industrial, 6 % in telecommunications and media, 6 % in transportation, 6 % in healthcare, 5 % in aerospace, and 4 % devoted to other industries, according to their 2008 annual report.

Noted current and former portfolio companies include Dex Media, the former directories business of Qwest Communications ; Willcom, a Japanese wireless company ; Casema, a Dutch cable company ; and Insight Communications, the ninth largest cable company in the U. S. The Carlyle Group was once a major investor in US Investigations Services, which is the privatized arm of the United States Office of Personnel Management's Office of Federal Investigations, but has since divested itself, selling its stake to Providence Equity Partners in 2007.

) Since then, The Carlyle Group has divested the majority of its interest from the defense industry.

Carlyle also has provided detail on its links with the Bin Laden family, specifically the relatively minor investments by an estranged half brother.

The conflict discouraged Froude from continuing his biography of Carlyle, as he wrote in 1881, " So much ill will has been shown me in the case of the other letters that I walk as if on hot ashes, and often curse the day when I undertook the business.

The movie " The Tale of Sweeney Todd " ( 1998 ) portrays a young American, Ben Carlyle, who comes to London in search of a diamond merchant who has defaulted on a payment of $ 50, 000 worth of diamonds.

So dissatisfied was Carlyle with the memoir that he resolved to give his own testimony about his friend, and his vivid Life ( 1851 ) has perpetuated the memory of Sterling more than any of the latter's own writings.

It has been said of him that he lacked gracious manners and was too conscious of his intellectual superiority, but his kindly reception in the UK by the likes of Thomas Carlyle and Alfred, Lord Tennyson suggests that he was not without charm.

He has also had to deal with another usurper, in the form of an arrogant young businessman and con artist named Carlyle, who pretended to employ Octavius at his company.

Grundtvig holds a unique position in the cultural history of his country ; he has been styled the Danish Carlyle and he might also be compared to Emerson.

Known for his commitment to authenticity in roles, Carlyle has often altered his lifestyle and physical appearance to better understand a character ; before playing a homeless character in Antonia Bird's Safe, he went to live in the Waterloo area of London where the film was set.

Carlyle is married to make-up artist Anastasia Shirley, with whom he has three children: Ava ( born 2002 ), Harvey ( born 2004 ), and Pearce Joseph ( born 2006 ).

In an interview in late November, director Kenneth Glenaan and Robert Carlyle both agreed that Bolsover was the perfect setting for the film as it ' has been left in the past '.

Michelet has, with Carlyle, disciples in several schools of modern history, whose common aim is to approach the subject matter through involvement rather than objectivity.

At the airport he is met by Felix DeSouza ( Robert Carlyle ), a local " Fixer " who has been sent by his boss Leopold Durant ( Ricky Tomlinson ), head of a local criminal organization, in exchange for two football tickets to the sold-out Liverpool versus Manchester United game.

Skinner has delivered many prestigious lecture-series, including the Gauss Seminars at Princeton ( 1980 ), the Carlyle Lectures at Oxford ( 1980 ), the Messenger Lectures at Cornell ( 1983 ), the Tanner Lectures at Harvard ( 1984 ), the T. S. Eliot Memorial Lectures at Kent ( 1995 ), the Ford Lectures at Oxford ( 2003 ), the Page-Barbour Lectures at Virginia ( 2003 ), the Benedict Lectures at Boston ( 2005 ) and the Adorno Lectures at Frankfurt ( 2005 ).

After Hearst went bankrupt, the paintings were dispersed ; one is in the National Galleries of Scotland in Edinburgh, two are in Hotel Carlyle in New York, one has been in the Allen Memorial Art Museum since 1953 and one is lost.

Since May 2001 he has been employed as a senior adviser at the Carlyle Group .< ref >

Carlyle had been ranked first in the 2007 listing.

On September 4, 2011, the carpet manufacturer Brintons announced that it had been acquired by the Carlyle Group.

On October 3, 2011, the pharmaceutical contract research organisation PPD announced that it had been acquired by the Carlyle Group.

According to one version, Carlyle heard a shot that had been fired accidentally outside.

Froude had been a close personal friend as well as an intellectual disciple of Thomas Carlyle since 1861, and the two became even closer after the death of Carlyle's wife Jane Welsh on 21 April 1866.

Carlyle became involved in drama at the Glasgow Arts Centre at the age of 21 ( having been inspired by reading Arthur Miller's The Crucible ), and subsequently graduated from the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama.

McKinney gained national attention for remarks she made following the 2001 US attacks, charging that the United States had advance knowledge of the attacks and that US President George W. Bush may have been aware of the incipient attack and allowed them to happen, allegedly due to his father's business interests: " It is known that President Bush's father, through the Carlyle Group, had – at the time of the attacks – joint business interests with the bin Laden construction company and many defense industry holdings, the stocks of which have soared since September 11.

If, indeed, Burke did make the statement Carlyle attributes to him, the remark may have been in the back of Carlyle's mind when he wrote in his French Revolution ( 1837 ) that " A Fourth Estate, of Able Editors, springs up ; increases and multiplies, irrepressible, incalculable.

While working on his history of The French Revolution, Carlyle had complained in a magazine article that " a certain sub-librarian " had not been very helpful to him, restricting access to uncatalogued documents held by the British Museum.

He is believed to have been the first publisher to offer " royalties " to authors like Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Thomas Carlyle.

According to Newsweek, George W. Bush couldn't have been involved with the Carlyle Group, which owned BDM, when the $ 1. 18 billion deal was made, because " former president Bush didn't join the Carlyle advisory board until April, 1998 — five months after Carlyle had already sold BDM to another defense firm.

Because George W. Bush's role at Carlyle had been marginal, the $ 1. 4 billion figure includes no contracts that predated the arrival of Baker, Carlucci and Darman at Carlyle.

Fulton and Carlyle presented two chimpanzees who had undergone frontal lobectomies.

In the spring of 1844, The Gentleman's Magazine attributed a sudden burst of charitable giving in Britain to Dickens's novella ; in 1874, Robert Louis Stevenson waxed enthusiastic after reading Dickens's Christmas books and vowed to give generously ; and Thomas Carlyle expressed a generous hospitality by staging two Christmas dinners after reading the book.

The rest of Carlyle is owned by a group of individuals, most of whom serve as managing directors, and by two institutional investors.

In 1996 and 1997, he appeared in the two highest-profile roles of his career to date: as the psychopathic Francis Begbie in Trainspotting and Gaz, the leader of a group of amateur male strippers, in The Full Monty, the latter earning Carlyle a BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role.

Emerson, arguably one of the founders of transcendentalism, had visited England as a young man to meet these two English poets, as well as Thomas Carlyle.

Riot-E Riot Entertainment Ltd, was a Finnish media company, focused on SMS content mobile phone games that, despite 20 million euros in venture capital invested in them by corporate giants like Nokia, News Corporation and The Carlyle Group, went bankrupt within two years.

* Len Carlyle Brown ( born March 1926 ) Steve Christian's father-in-law, was convicted of two rapes.

It had begun as joint project with Jane Carlyle and a mutual friend, Elizabeth Paulet, although the two co-authors soon withdrew.

Carlyle approved the experiment with only two cows.

One, Fred Barrow, lives a conservative, restrained existence ; the other, Carlyle Lothrop, spends his money profligately, especially on joint vacations for the two men's families, even as he becomes financially insolvent.

There is a review of it by Thomas Carlyle ( Miscellanies ), the first two parts of whose own history of the French Revolution are mainly drawn from it.

Following the 2001 – 2002 season, Carlyle joined the Washington Capitals as an assistant coach for two years ( 2002 – 2004 ), before rejoining The Moose.

Carlyle's theory of Natural Supernaturalism influenced Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau, two admirers of Carlyle.